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Kernel: Logging Levels, PPC32, and Ubuntu

Submitted by Roy Schestowitz on Friday 25th of February 2022 11:16:25 AM Filed under
Linux
  • The Linux kernel's message log levels are relatively meaningless

    The Linux kernel has an internal system to assign (or let people assign) a log level for all kernel messages, ranging from 'debug' at the bottom up through 'emerg' at the top. You can read about it in syslog(2), and these kernel log levels become syslog(3) log levels, can be reported (and thus manually filtered) by dmesg(1) and so on. Given this, you might wonder if it's useful to do anything different for different log levels, like route some log levels to a special syslog file. Cynical system administrators already know the answer from their experiences with syslog priorities, and it is "not really".

  • Emulating PPC32 Linux in x86_64 Linux

    I’ve recently needed to do some porting work for a PPC32 CPU running Linux. At the time I didn’t have any PPC hardware (I’ve since acquired a PowerMac G5). Of course when we don’t have hardware, we can normally emulate it. Here is how I set up the emulation so I can remember for next time.

  • Ubuntu limits the console kernel log level even on servers

    We have a serial console server that we have connected to all of our important servers, and we have our servers set up so that the serial console is one of the places that Linux kernel messages go when they're printed to the 'console'. Since we log all of the console output, we want all kernel messages to reliably go to the (serial) console. Recently we discovered that our Ubuntu servers were not doing this. Instead, Ubuntu limits the console to log level '4' and higher priority messages, covering what syslog(2) describes as 'warning', 'err', 'crit', 'alert', and 'emerg', and excluding what it describes as 'notice', 'info', and 'debug'. Unfortunately this is not what you want because kernel log levels are relatively meaningless.

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