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Programming: Python Posts, Release of Python 3.5.9, Mozilla Development

Submitted by Roy Schestowitz on Saturday 2nd of November 2019 11:59:00 AM Filed under
Development
  • Understanding Boxplots

    The image above is a boxplot. A boxplot is a standardized way of displaying the distribution of data based on a five number summary (“minimum”, first quartile (Q1), median, third quartile (Q3), and “maximum”). It can tell you about your outliers and what their values are. It can also tell you if your data is symmetrical, how tightly your data is grouped, and if and how your data is skewed.

  • Why you should use `python -m pip`

    Let's say I have two versions of Python installed, like Python 3.7 and 3.8 (and this is very common for people thanks to Python coming installed on macOS and Linux, let alone you may have installed Python 3.8 to play with it while having previously installed Python 3.7). Now, if you were to type pip in your terminal, which Python interpreter would it install for?

    Without more details the answer is you don't know. First you would have to know what my PATH is set to, e.g. is /usr/bin before or after /usr/local/bin (which are common locations for Python to be installed into, and typically /usr/local/ comes first). OK, so as long as you remember where you installed Python 3.7 and 3.8 and that it was different directories you will know which version of pip comes first on PATH. But let's say you installed both manually; maybe your OS came with Python 3.7.3 and you installed Python 3.7.5. In that case both versions of Python are installed in /usr/local/bin. Can you now tell me what interpreter pip is tied to?

    The answer is you still don't know. Unless you know when you installed each version and thus what the last copy of pip was written to /usr/local/bin/pip you don't know what interpreter pip will be using for the pip command. Now you may be saying, "I always install the latest versions, so that would mean Python 3.8.0 was installed last since it's newer than 3.7.5". OK, but what happens when Python 3.7.6 comes out? Your pip command would have gone from using Python 3.8 to Python 3.7.

    But when you use python -m pip with python being the specific interpreter you want to use, all of the above ambiguity is gone. If I say python3.8 -m pip then I know pip will be using and installing for my Python 3.8 interpreter (same goes for if I had said python3.7).

  • Python 3.5.9 is released

    There were no new changes in version 3.5.9; 3.5.9 was released only because of a CDN caching problem, which resulted in some users downloading a prerelease version of the 3.5.8 .xz source tarball. Apart from the version number, 3.5.9 is identical to the proper 3.5.8 release.

  • Python 3.5.9

    Python 3.5.9 was released on November 1st, 2019.

    There were no new changes in version 3.5.9; 3.5.9 was released only because of a CDN caching problem, which resulted in some users downloading a prerelease version of the 3.5.8 .xz source tarball. Apart from the version number, 3.5.9 is identical to the proper 3.5.8 release.

    Python 3.5 has now entered "security fixes only" mode, and as such the only changes since Python 3.5.4 are security fixes. Also, Python 3.5.9 has only been released in source code form; no more official binary installers will be produced.

  • Nick Fitzgerald: Always Bump Downwards

    When writing a bump allocator, always bump downwards. That is, allocate from high addresses, down towards lower addresses by decrementing the bump pointer. Although it is perhaps less natural to think about, it is more efficient than incrementing the bump pointer and allocating from lower addresses up to higher ones.

  • This Week in Glean: November 1, 2019

    This week in Glean, we bring you a detective story from the Mozilla telemetry beat. It's a story about how fixing things can often break things in unexpected ways. It's about how things that may work perfectly in the lab, suddenly fail in the wild at scale. And it's about how our team used all of the data sources at our disposal to solve a problem.

    Glean is a new effort at Mozilla to collect telemetry based on lessons from our past experiences that can be used across a number of our products and better support our lean data practices. It is currently being used to collect telemetry from Firefox Preview for Android, but will be rolling out to more Mozilla products in the coming months.

    When using Firefox Preview, the browser makes measurements (or telemetry) about its usage and how it's performing. Users can choose to disable telemetry if they prefer, however the data from the rest provides us with key insights that allow us to build stable and performant products that meet the needs of our users. This telemetry is periodically sent to Mozilla in bundles called "pings", all of which is orchestrated on Firefox's behalf by the Glean SDK.

    The Glean SDK sends a few different kinds of pings, but the two that are relevant to our story are the metrics ping and baseline ping. The metrics ping is sent once a day at 04:00 local time, if the user used the application in the last 24 hours. The baseline ping contains minimal data, but is sent more often: every time the application "goes to background". This happens when the user switches to another application or the device goes to sleep. Given how people normally use their smartphones, the browser "goes to background" a few times a day, so one would expect to see baseline pings occuring more often than metrics pings.

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