Tux Machines Bulletin for Thursday, January 22, 2026 ┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅ Generated Fri 23 Jan 02:49:46 GMT 2026 Created by Dr. Roy Schestowitz (𝚛𝚘𝚢 (at) 𝚜𝚌𝚑𝚎𝚜𝚝𝚘𝚠𝚒𝚝𝚣 (dot) 𝚌𝚘𝚖) Full hyperlinks for navigation omitted but are fully available in the originals The corresponding HTML versions are at http://news.tuxmachines.org ╒═══════════════════ 𝐈𝐍𝐃𝐄𝐗 ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⦿ Tux Machines - Android Leftovers ⦿ Tux Machines - Asciinema: making movies at the command-line ⦿ Tux Machines - Audiocasts/Shows: FLOSS Weekly, Ask Noah Show, and More ⦿ Tux Machines - Debian discusses removing GTK 2 for forky ⦿ Tux Machines - Debian vs. Arch vs. Fedora: Which Linux distro base is right for you ⦿ Tux Machines - Fastfetch updated with COSMIC Desktop & Bedrock Linux Support ⦿ Tux Machines - Free and Open Source Software, howtos and Installations ⦿ Tux Machines - Free and Open Source Software ⦿ Tux Machines - FreeBSD is a No-Go for KDE's Plasma Login Manager ⦿ Tux Machines - Free, Libre, and Open Source Software Leftovers ⦿ Tux Machines - Games: LOVE ETERNAL, Hungry Horrors, SPLITGATE: Arena Reloaded, and More ⦿ Tux Machines - GNU/Linux and BSD Leftovers ⦿ Tux Machines - GNU/Linux Games/Platforms: Steam Machines, SuperTuxKart, and More ⦿ Tux Machines - GNU/Linux Up to 7% in Tajikistan ⦿ Tux Machines - Goodbye, VirtualBox - I found a better, more reliable VM manager for Linux ⦿ Tux Machines - Improvements Coming Soon, Uptime Also Improving ⦿ Tux Machines - Licensing / Legal: LWN on GPL Enforcement ⦿ Tux Machines - Linux-based Jolla preorders closing in on maximum amount ⦿ Tux Machines - Linux Devices, Open Hardware, and More ⦿ Tux Machines - Linux Kernel and OpenZFS in 2026, ZFS in Production (BSD) ⦿ Tux Machines - LWN on Kernel and Recent Linux Talks ⦿ Tux Machines - Modifier keys in Linux virtual machines under macOS ⦿ Tux Machines - MX Linux 25.1 brings back switchable init systems ⦿ Tux Machines - New benchmarks show Linux gaming nearly matching Windows on AMD GPUs ⦿ Tux Machines - New Steam Client Update Adds Support for the Razer Raiju V3 Pro Controller ⦿ Tux Machines - "One Feed to Rule Them All" and Mozilla Turns Firefox Into Spyware ("Data") After Culling Firefox's RSS Support ⦿ Tux Machines - Open Hardware/Modding: M5MonsterC5/ESP32, Fiber Optic Lamp, and More ⦿ Tux Machines - Pathways to open-source (and from it): one flawed journey exposed ⦿ Tux Machines - Programming Leftovers ⦿ Tux Machines - Protecting the Birds From One Pesky Neighbour ⦿ Tux Machines - Red Hat and CentOS Leftovers ⦿ Tux Machines - Richard Stallman to Speak on Software Freedom and AI at Georgia Tech ⦿ Tux Machines - Security Issue Found in telnetd, Patches Put Forth Already ⦿ Tux Machines - Security Leftovers and Vuln Tracking ⦿ Tux Machines - Slimbook One is a Linux mini PC with up to AMD Ryzen AI 9 HX 370 ⦿ Tux Machines - Snap Store Neglect ⦿ Tux Machines - Today in Techrights ⦿ Tux Machines - today's howtos ⦿ Tux Machines - We Help Animals, But Some People Don't Like It ⦿ Tux Machines - Window Shadows Finally Arrive on COSMIC Desktop ⦿ Tux Machines - WordPress Education Programs, Why to Avoid Bloated Sites, Static Blogs, and "Building a Blog in Gleam" ䷼ Bulletin articles (as HTML) to comment on (requires login): https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Android_Leftovers.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Asciinema_making_movies_at_the_command_line.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Audiocasts_Shows_FLOSS_Weekly_Ask_Noah_Show_and_More.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Debian_discusses_removing_GTK_2_for_forky.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Debian_vs_Arch_vs_Fedora_Which_Linux_distro_base_is_right_for_y.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Fastfetch_updated_with_COSMIC_Desktop_Bedrock_Linux_Support.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Free_and_Open_Source_Software_howtos_and_Installations.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Free_and_Open_Source_Software.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/FreeBSD_is_a_No_Go_for_KDE_s_Plasma_Login_Manager.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Free_Libre_and_Open_Source_Software_Leftovers.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Games_LOVE_ETERNAL_Hungry_Horrors_SPLITGATE_Arena_Reloaded_and_.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/GNU_Linux_and_BSD_Leftovers.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/GNU_Linux_Games_Platforms_Steam_Machines_SuperTuxKart_and_More.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/GNU_Linux_Up_to_7_in_Tajikistan.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Goodbye_VirtualBox_I_found_a_better_more_reliable_VM_manager_fo.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Improvements_Coming_Soon_Uptime_Also_Improving.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Licensing_Legal_LWN_on_GPL_Enforcement.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Linux_based_Jolla_preorders_closing_in_on_maximum_amount.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Linux_Devices_Open_Hardware_and_More.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Linux_Kernel_and_OpenZFS_in_2026_ZFS_in_Production_BSD.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/LWN_on_Kernel_and_Recent_Linux_Talks.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Modifier_keys_in_Linux_virtual_machines_under_macOS.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/MX_Linux_25_1_brings_back_switchable_init_systems.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/New_benchmarks_show_Linux_gaming_nearly_matching_Windows_on_AMD.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/New_Steam_Client_Update_Adds_Support_for_the_Razer_Raiju_V3_Pro.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/_One_Feed_to_Rule_Them_All_and_Mozilla_Turns_Firefox_Into_Spywa.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Open_Hardware_Modding_M5MonsterC5_ESP32_Fiber_Optic_Lamp_and_Mo.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Pathways_to_open_source_and_from_it_one_flawed_journey_exposed.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Programming_Leftovers.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Protecting_the_Birds_From_One_Pesky_Neighbour.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Red_Hat_and_CentOS_Leftovers.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Richard_Stallman_to_Speak_on_Software_Freedom_and_AI_at_Georgia.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Security_Issue_Found_in_telnetd_Patches_Put_Forth_Already.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Security_Leftovers_and_Vuln_Tracking.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Slimbook_One_is_a_Linux_mini_PC_with_up_to_AMD_Ryzen_AI_9_HX_37.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Snap_Store_Neglect.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Today_in_Techrights.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/today_s_howtos.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/We_Help_Animals_But_Some_People_Don_t_Like_It.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Window_Shadows_Finally_Arrive_on_COSMIC_Desktop.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/WordPress_Education_Programs_Why_to_Avoid_Bloated_Sites_Static_.shtml ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 136 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Android_Leftovers.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Android_Leftovers.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Android Leftovers⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Rianne Schestowitz on Jan 22, 2026 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Android_phone⦈_ * ⚓ This_clever_Android_game_turns_your_charging_cable_into_a_bow_and arrow⠀⇛ * ⚓ Android_16_Features_Worth_Paying_Attention_To⠀⇛ * ⚓ Android_2026_preview:_7_things_to_watch_–_Computerworld⠀⇛ * ⚓ This_11-inch_Android_Auto_screen_will_make_your_car_feel_brand_new again⠀⇛ * ⚓ Google’s_New_Update_Refreshes_Android_Voice_Search_UI⠀⇛ * ⚓ Honor_just_outpaced_every_top_Chinese_Android_brand_in_global_growth_| Android_Central⠀⇛ * ⚓ Android_Auto's_sleek_new_media_player_is_finally_rolling_out_to_all⠀⇛ * ⚓ I_love_my_Android_phone._An_Android_laptop_sounds_like_a_nightmare_| PCWorld⠀⇛ ⣿⣿⣷⣿⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⠿⢛⡥⢞⣡⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢟⣡⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢵⣿⡩⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢛⣥⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⣷⡝⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢛⣥⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡄⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣞⢿⡿⣛⣥⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠷⡶⠔⠀⠀⠠⠀⠙⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠤⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡄⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡉⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣎⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢛⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣥⡀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⣡⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣧⣀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⣉⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣤⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⣉⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⡀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⢉⣤⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⡉⣐⣼⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠙⠛⠛⠛⢁⣰⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⢹⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⠀⠈⠀⠉⠉⡛⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣴⣤⣤⣀⡈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 206 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Asciinema_making_movies_at_the_command_line.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Asciinema_making_movies_at_the_command_line.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Asciinema: making movies at the command- line⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Jan 22, 2026 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Recorded_with_asciinema⦈_ In open-source circles there are many situations, such as bug reports, demos, and tutorials, when one might want to provide a play-by-play of a session in one's terminal. The asciinema project provides a set of tools to do just that. Its tools let users record, edit, and share terminal sessions in a text-based format that has quite a few advantages compared to making and sharing videos of terminal sessions. For example, it is easy to use, offers the ability to search text from recorded sessions, and allows users to copy and paste directly from the recording. § History Marcin Kulik started the project in 2011; it was originally called "ascii.io" and then renamed to asciinema and published to the Python Package Index (PyPI) in 2013. The asciinema project now consists of several parts: a command-line interface (CLI) recorder and player, a web player, the asciicast file format for recordings, the agg utility to create animated GIFs, and the asciinema virtual terminal (avt) used by the project's other components. Each project has its own license; the asciinema CLI and agg are available under the GPLv3, while the other components are Apache 2.0-licensed. The project's components have undergone a number of changes and rewrites in the past 13 years. Version 3.0 of the CLI, released in September 2025, featured a complete rewrite in Rust, as well as an updated (v3) file format. The project provides hosting for recordings on asciinema.org for users who don't mind storing them with a third party. The terms of service seem fairly standard for an open-source project that provides content hosting. LWN readers can explore some of the published recordings to get a sense of how others are using the tools. I should note that the project seems to have done a good job keeping recordings online: I have recordings from 2017 that are still available. The server software is open-source too, of course, for those who prefer to self host. It is written in Elixir and uses the Phoenix Framework; the server is available under the Apache 2.0 license. The most recent server release, v20251114 from November 2025, included new search features and stricter validation of uploaded asciicast files. Read_on ⡏⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢹ ⡇⠀⡂⡙⠀⢛⢁⡁⡃⢀⡀⢈⡀⣀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠈⠐⠁⠈⠀⠁⠐⠀⠊⠀⠂⠙⠀⠋⠙⠀⠁⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⡇⠀⡀⡠⠀⢀⠠⡀⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢄⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡷⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣯⡷⠟⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣻⣻⣻⣻⣻ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 298 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Audiocasts_Shows_FLOSS_Weekly_Ask_Noah_Show_and_More.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Audiocasts_Shows_FLOSS_Weekly_Ask_Noah_Show_and_More.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Audiocasts/Shows: FLOSS Weekly, Ask Noah Show, and More⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Jan 22, 2026 * ⚓ Hackaday ☛ FLOSS_Weekly_Episode_861:_Big_Databases_With_OpenRiak⠀⇛ This week Jonathan chats with Nicholas Adams about OpenRiak! Why is there a Riak and an OpenRiak, which side of the CAP theorem does OpenRiak land on, and why is it so blazingly fast for some operations? Listen to find out! * ⚓ The Ask Noah Show ☛ Ask_Noah_Show:_Ask_Noah_Show_476⠀⇛ This week we dig into the hardware shortage caused by AI, answer your questions, and dig into managing ZFS via the web! * ⚓ RiskyBiz ☛ Risky_Business_#821_--_Wiz_researchers_could_have_owned every_AWS_customer_-_Risky_Business_Media⠀⇛ In this week’s show, Patrick Gray and Adam Boileau discuss the week’s cybersecurity news, joined by a special guest. BBC World Cyber Correspondent Joe Tidy is a long time listener and he pops in for a ride-along in the news segment plus a chat about his new book. ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 342 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Debian_discusses_removing_GTK_2_for_forky.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Debian_discusses_removing_GTK_2_for_forky.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Debian discusses removing GTK 2 for forky⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Jan 22, 2026 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇GTK_4.0⦈_ The Debian GNOME team would like to remove the GTK 2 graphics toolkit, which has been unmaintained upstream for more than five years, and ship Debian 14 ("forky") without it. As one might expect, however, there are those who would like to find a way to keep it. Despite its age and declared obsolescence, quite a few Debian packages still depend on GTK 2. Many of those applications are unlikely to be updated, and users are not eager to give them up. Discussion about how to handle this is ongoing; it seems likely that Debian developers will find some way to continue supporting applications that require GTK 2, but users may have to look outside official Debian repositories. GTK 2 was released in 2002 and was declared end of life with the release of GTK 4 on December 16, 2020; the final release, 2.24.33, was published a few days later. The GTK project currently maintains two stable branches—GTK 3.x ("oldstable") and GTK 4.x ("stable"). The GTK 3.x branch will be maintained until the project releases GTK 5, and the project has not yet announced any firm plans for such a release. On January 7, Matthias Geiger announced that Debian's GNOME team has a goal of removing GTK 2 from forky before it is released in 2027; in addition to being unmaintained, he said, it lacks native Wayland support and features needed for HiDPI displays. Read_on ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠙⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢀⡀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⡀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⠿⢿⢿⢿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣧⣺⣹⣇⣿⣠⣻⣿⣸⣃⣁⣬⣜⣬⣠⣅⣏⣆⡇⣆⣇⣆⣦⣏⣀⣇⣆⣇⣾⣇⣩⣸⣨⣒⣩⣒⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⠿⠿⠿⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣏⠰⣿⢺⡇⢸⡇⢈⠰⣿⣿⠃⠎⢿⢿⠰⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣾⣷⣾⣷⣾⣷⣾⣿⣿⣷⣿⣾⣷⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠄⠠⠠⠀⠄⠠⠀⠄⠄⠠⠀⠄⠠⠠⠀⠄⠠⠀⠄⠠⠠⠀⠄⠠ ⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣠⣤⣴⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠄⠠⠀⠠⠀⠄⠀⠀⠠⠀ ⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢉⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈ ⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠙⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠂⠐⢀⠐⠀⠂⠀⠂⠐⢀ ⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠈⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⡐⠂⠈⠁⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣤⡀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠢⣀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀ ⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠳⢄⣿⣿⡿⠿⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⠾⠛⠛⠻⠂⠘⠛⢻⣿⠛⠛⠀⢸⡇⢀⣴⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣏⠀⠰⠶⢶⡆⠀⠀⢸⣿⠀⠀⠀⢸⡷⣿⡁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠉ ⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣦⣤⣠⣼⠇⠀⠀⢸⣿⠀⠀⠀⢸⡇⠈⠻⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠉⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⡇⢁⠁⡈⣀⢁⠈⡈⢁⠁⡈⡀⢁⠉⡈⢀⢁⠈⡀⢁⠁⡈⡀⢁⠈⡈⢀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 437 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Debian_vs_Arch_vs_Fedora_Which_Linux_distro_base_is_right_for_y.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Debian_vs_Arch_vs_Fedora_Which_Linux_distro_base_is_right_for_y.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Debian vs. Arch vs. Fedora: Which Linux distro base is right for you⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Rianne Schestowitz on Jan 22, 2026 Quoting: Debian vs. Arch vs. Fedora: Which Linux distro base is right for you | ZDNET — When you go to select a Linux distribution, you'll find that the choice can be overwhelming. There's Ubuntu, Debian, Fedora, Arch, Linux Mint, elementaryOS, Manjaro, openSUSE, Pop!_OS, Bodhi Linux, Zorin OS… the list goes on. There are hundreds (if not thousands) of Linux distributions on the market, and each one has its pros and cons. There's also the fact that there are different desktops to choose from, different kernels, different curated apps, and different package managers. There's one choice you should make at the beginning that will greatly narrow the selection. That choice is the base system you want to use. Read_on ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 480 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Fastfetch_updated_with_COSMIC_Desktop_Bedrock_Linux_Support.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Fastfetch_updated_with_COSMIC_Desktop_Bedrock_Linux_Support.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Fastfetch updated with COSMIC Desktop & Bedrock Linux Support⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Rianne Schestowitz on Jan 22, 2026 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Fastfetch⦈_ Quoting: Fastfetch updated with COSMIC Desktop & Bedrock Linux Support | UbuntuHandbook — Fastfetch is inspired by neofetch, which is useful for sharing a screenshot of system information. As neofetch discontinued, many Linux distributions (e.g., Debian, Fedora, Ubuntu) turn to add fastfetch into system repositories. The app promoted itself as a maintained, feature-rich and performance oriented tool. It’s updated with v2.57.0 in last week with Pop!_OS COSMIC desktop version and Niri Wayland compositor version detection. And, it added urxvt font, xterm font, cosmic-term version and terminal font, as well as Secure Boot detection support. Read_on ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣉⣛⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⢉⣉⣉⣙⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣉⣿⣏⣹⣿⡉⣻⣏⢙⣿⢉⣅⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠛⠛⠛⠿⠟⠟⠛⠛⠛⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⣿⡿⠟⠻⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣁⣉⣉⣉⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡛⣉⣓⠒⣒⠒⣲⣟⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⡙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢉⣙⣋⡛⣙⢻⡉⡋⢙⡛⢉⣙⠉⠉⡉⢛⣙⢉⣛⣛⣋⡙⢋⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠤⣤⣤⣶⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠘⠀⠄⠀⠀⡄⠔⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠒⠀⢠⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣯⣤⡠⢤⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣅⣄⣀⣀⣨⡿⠏⠽⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠄⠬⠧⠅⠀⠈⠃⠨⠀⢀⠈⠭⠀⠡⠀⠸⢿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡟⠉⠉⠉⠓⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣾⣟⠉⠀⠀⢽⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⣆⡈⠁⠃⠊⣀⠐⠶⠶⠶⠿⡷⢶⠶⢶⡾⠷⡾⢶⠶⠶⢾⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⡛⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⢘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠐⠒⠚⣿⣿⠒⢠⠂⠀⠂⡒⠒⢰⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣾⣷⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣦⠄⠤⠤⠤⠤⢨⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠠⠤⠬⣿⣿⠀⠜⠀⠤⠠⠞⠤⠤⠄⠄⠘⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣾⣏⣉⣡⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠍⠈⠉⣹⣿⣿⠀⠉⠉⡏⠉⠉⠉⡙⠀⢁⡻⠍⢉⠉⠉⠍⠉⢉⠋⠉⠉⠉⠉⢉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣟⡉⠀⠈⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡛⢻⢻⣷⣂⠀⢐⣾⣿⣿⢀⠀⢐⣁⡐⣀⡀⠇⢀⡐⡁⡀⡀⣂⣀⣀⣀⠈⡀⣲⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣧⠄⠀⠀⠚⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠂⢢⡐⠘⠀⢠⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣥⡄⠀⠠⠤⠤⠭⣯⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠄⠠⡯⠤⠤⠀⠀⠥⠠⠤⠄⠨⠤⠬⠤⢠⢸⠀⠼⠀⡌⠠⠠⠤⠽⠿⠟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣷⣖⣀⣀⣀⣽⣖⣀⣁⣀⣀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣈⣉⠐⡀⢈⠐⢈⢰⢰⠀⡀⠡⠀⠀⠌⢢⣀⣷⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠂⠒⠂⢲⡖⠂⠚⢘⠂⢐⢢⠂⠐⠂⠂⠘⢛⠛⣛⢻⣿⠛⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠄⠀⠄⠠⠀⢠⢠⠀⠠⠀⠠⠀⠠⠤⠤⢠⢼⠀⠤⠀⠠⣤⣧⣦⣬⣤⣧⣤⣧⣤⣤⣤⣼⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠀⠀⠀⠴⢀⠀⠄⠈⠁⠠⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⣀⣀⣀⣂⣐⣀⣀⣀⣈⣹⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⠉⠉⠉⠋⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠙⠛⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⠶⠶⠶⠶⠷⠶⠾⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 547 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Free_and_Open_Source_Software_howtos_and_Installations.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Free_and_Open_Source_Software_howtos_and_Installations.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Free and Open Source Software, howtos and Installations⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Rianne Schestowitz on Jan 22, 2026 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇CSS⦈_ * ⚓ Stylelint_-_CSS_linter_-_LinuxLinks⠀⇛ Stylelint is a CSS linter that helps you avoid errors and enforce conventions. This is free and open source software. * ⚓ tuicr_-_TUI_for_code_review_-_LinuxLinks⠀⇛ tuicr is a TUI tool that lets you review AI-generated diffs like a GitHub pull request, right from your terminal. This is free and open source software. * ⚓ Slice_-_create_custom_font_design_spaces_-_LinuxLinks⠀⇛ Slice is a cross-platform GUI app that generates fonts with custom design sub-spaces from variable font inputs. Slice currently supports combinations of the following axis definition types in output fonts: Fixed instance locations. Level 3 restricted axis ranges (must include original axis default value in the new, smaller axis range). Full, original variable axis ranges. This is free and open source software. * ⚓ Odin_-_programming_language_-_LinuxLinks⠀⇛ Odin is a general-purpose programming language with distinct typing, built for high performance, modern systems, and built- in data-oriented data types. The Odin Programming Language, the C alternative for the joy of programming. Odin has been designed for readability, scalability, and orthogonality of concepts. Simplicity is complicated to get right, clear is better than clever. Odin allows for the highest performance through low-level control over the memory layout, memory management and custom allocators and so much more. This is free and open source software. * ⚓ Lacy_-_cd_alternative_-_LinuxLinks⠀⇛ Lacy is a cd alternative that makes navigating much more efficient. Have you ever been annoyed after mistyping a directory name with the cd command, or found cd autocomplete tedious when you have many similarly named directories? Lacy solves this by improving the cd functionality in smart ways, but keeping it as simple as cd – if you know cd, you know lacy! But lacy also adds new features to make navigating in the terminal easier and faster! This is free and open source software. * ⚓ Ratatui_-_create_terminal_user_interfaces_-_LinuxLinks⠀⇛ Ratatui is a Rust library for cooking up terminal user interfaces (TUIs). It provides a simple and flexible way to create text-based user interfaces in the terminal, which can be used for command-line applications, dashboards, and other interactive console programs. This is free and open source software. * ⚓ Bark_-_static_site_generator_-_LinuxLinks⠀⇛ Bark is a Haskell static site generator intended to be dead simple, yet extensible enough to allow plugins and templates. This is free and open source software. * ⚓ jiq_-_interactive_JSON_query_tool_-_LinuxLinks⠀⇛ jiq is an interactive JSON query tool with real-time output. This is free and open source software. * ⚓ Zensical_-_modern_static_site_generator_-_LinuxLinks⠀⇛ Zensical is a modern static site generator designed to simplify building and maintaining project documentation. Create a professional static site for your Open Source or commercial project in minutes – searchable, customizable, more than 60 languages, for all devices. Zensical is written in Rust and Python, and is published as a Python package This is free and open source software. * ⚓ repeater_-_CLI_flashcard_program_-_LinuxLinks⠀⇛ repeater is a command-line flashcard program that uses spaced repetition to boost your memory retention. It’s like a lightweight, text-based Anki you run in your terminal. Your decks are kept in Markdown, progress is tracked in SQLite, and reviews are scheduled with Free Spaced Repetition Scheduler (FSRS), a state-of-the-art algorithm targeting 90% recall. This is free and open source software. * ⚓ cryptofetch_-_cryptocurrency_tool_-_LinuxLinks⠀⇛ Cryptocurrencies have not only had an impact on the world’s expectations surrounding money. They’ve also continued to evolve since the first Bitcoin block was mined back in 2009. Since then, thousands of unique cryptocurrencies have appeared. Of these, Bitcoin remains the most popular with others such as Ethereum, Tether and BNB lagging a long way behind. Some economists, including several Nobel laureates, characterized it as a speculative bubble. But Bitcoin has seen significant adoption by professional investors. cryptofetch is a terminal-based tool in the style of neofetch that displays cryptocurrency prices and statistics. This is free and open source software. * ⚓ gohome_-_Git_standup_and_activity_reporting_CLI_-_LinuxLinks⠀⇛ gohome automates your daily status reporting by recursively scanning your workspace to find git repositories. It aggregates commit logs from multiple projects instantly and formats them into beautiful, ready-to-share reports. This is free and open source software. ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣨⠿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣋⠈⣻⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠀⢰⡾⠟⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡟⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⠀⣹⣿⣿⣯⣈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 784 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Free_and_Open_Source_Software.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Free_and_Open_Source_Software.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Free and Open Source Software⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Rianne Schestowitz on Jan 22, 2026 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇books_and_notebooks⦈_ * ⚓ Finitodo_-_graphical_task/todo_list_manager_-_LinuxLinks⠀⇛ Finitodo is a graphical task/todo list manager that aims to be flexible and capable without being overly complicated. It has robust functionality in the areas needed such as task recurrence, filters and sorting etc, but doesn’t require digging through lots of menu and option screens to do what you want. Everything can be seen and done from one single user- friendly screen. This is free and open source software. * ⚓ Orange_Pi_6_Plus_Single_Board_Computer_running_Linux:_BIOS_- LinuxLinks⠀⇛ This is the sixth article in a series looking at a very interesting piece of kit from the folks at Orange Pi. It’s the Orange Pi 6 Plus single board computer. This SBC is very different to the single-board computers I’ve previously covered. For example, it has a 12 core 64 bit ARMv9 processor with a total computing power of 45 TOPS (CPU/GPU/NPU) making it significantly more powerful. * ⚓ ImPPG_-_image_post-processor_-_LinuxLinks⠀⇛ ImPPG performs Lucy-Richardson deconvolution, unsharp masking, brightness normalization and tone curve adjustment. It can also apply previously specified processing settings to multiple images. All operations are performed using 32-bit floating- point arithmetic. Supported input formats: FITS, BMP, JPEG, PNG, TIFF (most of bit depths and compression methods), TGA and more. Processed images can be saved as: BMP 8-bit; PNG 8-bit; TIFF 8-bit, 16- bit, 32-bit floating-point (no compression, LZW- or ZIP- compressed), FITS 8-bit, 16-bit, 32-bit floating-point. ImPPG can also align an image sequence, with possibly large and chaotic translations between images (aligned output images preserve number of channels and bit depth). This can be useful, for example, when preparing a solar time-lapse animation, where subsequent frames are offset due to inaccurate tracking of the telescope mount. Other possible applications are smoothing out of terrestrial landscape time-lapses or preparing raw frames (with serious image jitter) for stacking. This is free and open source software. * ⚓ pdfcpu_-_PDF_processing_library_-_LinuxLinks⠀⇛ pdfcpu is a PDF processing library written in Go that supports encryption and offers both an API and a command-line interface (CLI). It is compatible with all PDF versions with basic support and ongoing improvement for PDF 2.0. The parser which has been carefully crafted is able to handle most files violating the PDF specification and also repairs many corrupt files on the fly. This is free and open source software. * ⚓ Gorae_-_TUI_librarian_for_PDFs_and_EPUBs_-_LinuxLinks⠀⇛ Gorae is a terminal-first TUI librarian for PDFs and EPUBs—fast browsing, solid metadata, quick search, and mouse support. It’s built as a Vim/CLI-friendly alternative to Zotero, Mendeley, and EndNote. This is free and open source software. ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠻⣿⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠁⠉⣿⢿⣆⠈⣾⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠘⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠘⠀⠙⢿⡟⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⡛⠋⢛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠡⡆⠁⠀⠀⠈⠿⠿⠿⣿⠿⠿⢿⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠈⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⡷⡏⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡶⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⡀⠀⣀⣀⣀⣇⣀⣀⣀⠀⣀⣀⠀⢸⡷⠋⠽⠛⣶⣦⠀⠘⠛⢿⠋⡶⠀⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣻⣿⡇⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⠄⢸⡧⠀⠐⢀⣿⣿⡀⠀⣦⡀⡀⣆⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠛⠀⢈⣉⣹⡇⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⠀⠨⠀⠜⢀⣾⣿⣿⡇⠀⢸⣿⣇⠿⠧⠀⢀⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣋⣁⣈⣤⣿⡇⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⠀⢀⠞⢠⣄⠀⢸⣿⣷⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡛⣿⢿⡇⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⣴⣿⢫⣀⡂⢿⣿⡀⠀⣹⣿⡄⠀⡄⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⡁⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠉⠉⠀⢸⠿⠿⠘⠿⣷⠌⢻⢻⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⣿⡄⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠁⠀⠀⢀⡀⠈⠢⡁⠀⢹⣿⡁⠀⢹⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⠞⠥⠚⠛⠉⠉⠁⠀⠉⠉⠀⠜⠛⠛⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⡿⠂⠀⠈⠢⣿⣿⣷⣶⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣠⣤⣴⣶⡶⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣁⠄⠀⠙⠟⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⠿⠿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠺⠿⠷⠶⣶⣶⡾⠿⠟⢛⡋⠭⠥⠖⢛⡹⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣁⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢑⠄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⡄⠀⡀⠀⠘⠛⠿⠿⠖⠒⢒⣀⣉⣥⣤⣶⠶⢿⠛⢛⣣⠼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣉⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣴⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠁⠀⠛⠻⠶⠶⠿⠟⠛⠯⠭⢷⡶⠞⣋⣤⠾⠋⠑⢛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣴⢁⡄⠀⣀⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⣄⣀⠉⠀⠀⠛⠛⠛⠒⠶⠶⠶⠶⣶⣤⣴⠞⠋⠀⣀⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣦⣤⣤⣤⣀⣀⣀⣠⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 921 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/FreeBSD_is_a_No_Go_for_KDE_s_Plasma_Login_Manager.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/FreeBSD_is_a_No_Go_for_KDE_s_Plasma_Login_Manager.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ FreeBSD is a No-Go for KDE's Plasma Login Manager⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Rianne Schestowitz on Jan 22, 2026 Quoting: FreeBSD is a No-Go for KDE's Plasma Login Manager — FreeBSD is a Unix-like operating system that has roots in Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD), which itself originated from research conducted at the University of California, Berkeley, in the 1970s. The OS is known for its advanced networking features, security capabilities, and freedom-focused licensing, finding use in a wide range of hardware ranging from embedded systems to being the backbone of major cloud services. Unfortunately, it looks like KDE's Plasma Login Manager won't be working on it, as an accepted merge request sees the focus turn to compatibility on Linux systems. Read_on ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 960 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Free_Libre_and_Open_Source_Software_Leftovers.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Free_Libre_and_Open_Source_Software_Leftovers.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Free, Libre, and Open Source Software Leftovers⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Jan 22, 2026 * ⚓ Tim Bray ☛ Quamina_v2.0.0⠀⇛ Did I mention optimizations? There are (sob) also regressions; introducing REs had measurable negative impacts on other parts of the system. But it’s a good trade-off. When you ship software that’s designed for pattern-matching, it should really do REs. The RE story, about a year long, can be read starting here. * § Events⠀➾ o ⚓ APNIC ☛ Notice_of_AGM_2026_at_APNIC_61⠀⇛ APNIC Members are invited to attend the AGM at APNIC 61, held as part of APRICOT 2026, in Jakarta, Indonesia, on Thursday, 12 February 2026. * § Web Browsers/Web Servers⠀➾ o ⚓ Unicorn Media ☛ Get_Your_Zen_on_With_Zen_Browser⠀⇛ If you like Firefox’s engine but not its direction, Zen Browser gives you a familiar foundation with a more flexible UI, built‑in theming, and productivity-focused features. * § Education⠀➾ o ⚓ Raspberry Pi ☛ How_to_put_data_first_in_K–12_AI_education_by using_data_case_studies⠀⇛ In Germany, as in many countries, AI topics are rapidly entering formal computer science education. Yet, this haste often risks us focusing on fleeting technological developments rather than fundamental concepts. As computer science educator Viktoriya Olari, from Free University of Berlin, discovered in her research, the fundamental role of data, which powers most modern AI systems, is critically underestimated in many existing frameworks. If students are to become responsible designers of such systems, they can’t afford to treat AI as an opaque box. Rather, they must first master the messy, human process that begins with the data itself. * § Licensing / Legal⠀➾ o ⚓ Peter Bex ☛ FOSS_for_digital_sovereignty_in_the_EU⠀⇛ The European Commission has posted a "call for evidence" on open source for digital sovereignty. This seeks feedback from the public on how to reduce its dependency on software from non-EU companies through Free and Open Source Software (FOSS). This is my response, with proper formatting (the web form replies all seem to have gotten their spaces collapsed) and for future reference. * § Openness/Sharing/Collaboration⠀➾ o § Open Access/Content⠀➾ # ⚓ Wired ☛ Jimmy_Wales_Will_Never_Edit_Donald_Trump’s Wikipedia_Page:_He_‘Makes_Me_Insane’⠀⇛ On this week’s episode of The Big Interview, Wales and I discussed what it means to build something used by billions of people that’s not optimized for growth at all costs. During our discussion he reflected on Wikipedia’s messy, human origins, the ways it’s been targeted by governments from Russia to Saudi Arabia, and the challenges of holding the line on neutrality in an online ecosystem hostile to the notion that facts even exist. We also talked about what threatens Wikipedia now, from AI to conspiracy-pilled billionaires, and why he’ll never edit an entry about Donald Trump. Read our full conversation below. This interview has been edited for length and clarity. * § Standards/Consortia⠀➾ o ⚓ Don Marti ☛ Superscript_asterisk_in_Unicode⠀⇛ Much better. And if you cut and paste from a browser into a text editor, you should get the regular typewriter asterisk back. Not bad. And the CSS can go in a stylesheet so it doesn’t have to be on every sup element. Still, though, the tags are something extra to type. o ⚓ Daniel Estévez ☛ Tooling_for_CSP⠀⇛ CSP is the Cubesat Space Protocol. It is a network protocol that was developed by Aalborg university, and is commonly used in cubesats, in particular those using GOMspace hardware. Initially the protocol allowed different nodes on a satellite to exchange packets over a CAN bus, but eventually it grew into a protocol that spans a network composed by nodes in the satellite and the groundstation that communicate over different physical layers, including RF links. ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1106 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Games_LOVE_ETERNAL_Hungry_Horrors_SPLITGATE_Arena_Reloaded_and_.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Games_LOVE_ETERNAL_Hungry_Horrors_SPLITGATE_Arena_Reloaded_and_.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Games: LOVE ETERNAL, Hungry Horrors, SPLITGATE: Arena Reloaded, and More⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Jan 22, 2026 * ⚓ Narrative-heavy_horror_platformer_LOVE_ETERNAL_looks_fantastic_and arrives_February_19_|_GamingOnLinux⠀⇛ Run, jump and flip gravity in the narrative-heavy horror platformer LOVE ETERNAL when it releases February 19th. The atmosphere in this looks simply awesome. * ⚓ Hungry_Horrors_is_a_unique_deck-builder_about_feeding_monsters_out_now |_GamingOnLinux⠀⇛ Gather ingredients, make dishes and feed all the strange creatures in a deck-builder that manages to set itself apart from the others in Hungry Horrors. Note: key provided by the developer. * ⚓ SPLITGATE:_Arena_Reloaded_to_get_a_new_'Arena_Royale'_mode_in_the_next update_|_GamingOnLinux⠀⇛ 1047 Games have revealed that SPLITGATE: Arena Reloaded is getting a big upgrade tomorrow (January 22nd), with a completely redesigned battle royale mode. This might be their last chance to make the game work, as player numbers are not looking good for it. * ⚓ Build_up_your_Steam_library_with_the_latest_Fanatical_Titanium Collection_2026_|_GamingOnLinux⠀⇛ Fanatical have another chance here for you to build up your Steam game collection with a bunch of lovely indie games all at a great price. The Titanium Collection 2026 build your own bundle offers 3 + games for £4.50 each, with a higher discount at 5 + games at £4.00 each. * ⚓ Ghostship_-_the_new_Super_Mario_64_PC_port_gets_a_Linux_release_| GamingOnLinux⠀⇛ Ghostship was a recent announcement from the HarbourMasters team bringing a new Super Mario 64 PC port, and now there's a fresh release with a Linux version. This could end up being the best way to play the Nintendo classic on PC, not approved by Nintendo in any way of course like previous releases from HarbourMasters. * ⚓ French_indie_studio_Accidental_Queens_are_closing_and_delisting_their games_from_Steam_|_GamingOnLinux⠀⇛ A few more games are going to be lost to history, as the French indie studio Accidental Queens announced they're closing down. * ⚓ Max_and_Chloe_return_for_Life_is_Strange:_Reunion_in_March_| GamingOnLinux⠀⇛ Max and Chloe are returning in Life is Strange: Reunion in March for a finale, and it sounds like it's going to be an interesting adventure. You'll be able to play as both Max and Chloe, as you alternate between different perspectives as the story unfolds. ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1195 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/GNU_Linux_and_BSD_Leftovers.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/GNU_Linux_and_BSD_Leftovers.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ GNU/Linux and BSD Leftovers⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Jan 22, 2026 * § Desktop/Laptop⠀➾ o ⚓ HowTo Geek ☛ Stop_believing_the_Linux_rumors:_5_myths_that_are keeping_you_stuck_on_Windows⠀⇛ Computing is always changing, but few operating systems have as much cultural baggage and conflicting stories surrounding them as Linux does. If you're used to those proprietary software ecosystems, hearing the word probably brings up a bunch of old ideas. These assumptions rely on outdated information, hearsay, or plain misunderstandings. For a long time, I let these rumors stop me from checking out a system I love using that puts me in charge. What surprised me the most wasn't what Linux ended up being, but realizing that my idea of it was fundamentally wrong. * § Server⠀➾ o ⚓ Kubernetes Blog ☛ Announcing_the_Checkpoint/Restore_Working Group⠀⇛ The community around Kubernetes includes a number of Special Interest Groups (SIGs) and Working Groups (WGs) facilitating discussions on important topics between interested contributors. Today we would like to announce the new Kubernetes_Checkpoint_Restore_WG focusing on the integration of Checkpoint/Restore functionality into Kubernetes. § Motivation and use cases There are several high-level scenarios discussed in the working group: [...] * § Kernel Space / File Systems / Virtualization⠀➾ o ⚓ Hackaday ☛ Block_Devices_In_User_Space⠀⇛ Your new project really could use a block device for Linux. File systems are easy to do with FUSE, but that’s sometimes too high-level. But a block driver can be tough to write and debug, especially since bugs in the kernel’s space can be catastrophic. [Jiri Pospisil] suggests Ublk, a framework for writing block devices in user space. This works using the io_uring facility in recent kernels. This opens the block device field up. You can use any language you want (we’ve seen FUSE used with some very strange languages). You can use libraries that would not work in the kernel. Debugging is simple, and crashing is a minor inconvenience. * § Desktop Environments (DE)/Window Managers (WM)⠀➾ o § K Desktop Environment/KDE SC/Qt⠀➾ # ⚓ Season_Of_KDE_2026_Projects⠀⇛ Every year the KDE Community actively helps people to become active community members and contributors to Free Software through our Season of KDE mentorship programs. We would like to warmly welcome this year's mentees Aviral Singh, Keshav Nanda, Vishesh Srivastava, Varun Sajith Dass, Aditya Sarna, Jaimukund Bhan, Navya Sai Sadu, Kumud Sagar, Arun Rawat, Tanish Kumar, Ajay Singh, Mohit Mishra, Rohith Vinod, Shivang K Raghuvanshi, Onat Ribar, Hrishikesh Gohain, Aryan Rai, Advaith SK, CJ Nguyen, Siddharth Chopra, Nitin Pandey, Pavan Kumar S G, Sayandeep Dutta, Sairam Bisoyi, and J Shiva Shankar. They will be working on 21 projects covering a wide range of apps, frameworks, utilities and software in general to improve KDE. * § Distributions and Operating Systems⠀➾ o ⚓ ZDNet ☛ This_new_Linux_distro_is_a_multimedia_powerhouse_right out_of_the_box⠀⇛ Manjaro is a sweet Arch-based Linux distribution, and it has the fans to prove it. Manjaro is designed to take Arch to new heights of user-friendliness, and it succeeds quite well. Of course, there are always those who believe everything can be improved, which is why a small team of developers decided to fork Manjaro and create Elegance. o ⚓ Hackaday ☛ The_Windows_Interface_You_Didn’t_Like,_For_Linux⠀⇛ If you were asked to pick the most annoying of the various Microsoft Windows interfaces that have appeared over the years, there’s a reasonable chance that Windows 8’s Metro start screen and interface design language would make it your choice. In 2012 the software company abandoned their tried-and-tested desktop whose roots extended back to Windows 95 in favor of the colorful blocks it had created for its line of music players and mobile phones. Consumers weren’t impressed and it was quickly shelved in subsequent versions, but should you wish to revisit Metro you can now get the experience on Linux. [er-bharat] has created Win8DE, a shell for Wayland window managers that brings the Metro interface — or something very like it — to the open source operating system. o § BSD⠀➾ # ⚓ Miod Vallat ☛ Kernel_stack_hygiene⠀⇛ In modern (as in, anything less than 40 to 50 years old) computer architectures, you need some form of memory organized as a stack: a scratch area where you can push data, and pop (retrieve or discard) that data later. The main use of that stack is to store arguments to functions before calling them, the return address, and local variables of said function while it runs. This allows function calls to be nested, and every function to be able to have some local storage. That is, until your so-called call stack grows too deep and you end up exhausting your stack limit, something known as a stack overflow, which gave its name to a popular community-driven help site for all kind of computing problems. ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1375 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/GNU_Linux_Games_Platforms_Steam_Machines_SuperTuxKart_and_More.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/GNU_Linux_Games_Platforms_Steam_Machines_SuperTuxKart_and_More.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ GNU/Linux Games/Platforms: Steam Machines, SuperTuxKart, and More⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Jan 22, 2026 * ⚓ Boiling Steam ☛ Steam_Machine:_Not_so_Hot_if_priced_at_1000_USD⠀⇛ So a couple of weeks ago, someone on X found that Alza, one of the largest retailers in the Czech Republic, had some placeholder prices for the Steam Machine on their website. The price in there, VAT included, was indicated to be 29 990 Czech Koruna, which is equivalent to 1430 USD at the time of writing. Of course, this price is purely speculative, and short of an announcement from Valve we have no idea if this is fantasy or close to the real pricing of the Steam Machine. But it now gives us an anchor to work with. And it may not be as strange as it sounds in a computer market where all components are getting more and more expensive all of a sudden. What if the Steam Machine ends up being priced at 1000 USD and more? That was the perfect time to do a new poll with our followers on the Fediverse (Mastodon). * ⚓ Juha-Matti Santala ☛ I_made_a_board_game_zine⠀⇛ Say hello to Roll the Zine, a board and card game focused 8- page zine. I really like the idea of zines and for a few years, I’ve been reading other people’s zines and spent time reading zine forums, dreaming of making one myself. I’ve always felt zines are beyond my skills as I can’t draw or illustrate or write poems or anything like that. * ⚓ My_Return_to_SuperTuxKart⠀⇛ In 2017, I left SuperTuxKart on the highest note imaginable - a standing ovation at the Blender Conference in Amsterdam as we launched the mobile version. I believed then, and still do, that it's better to end with a firework than fade slowly to irrelevance. I thought that chapter was closed. But sometimes, a project you love calls you back - not because your story wasn't complete, but because there's a new story to write. The team asked me to return not because I have all the answers, but because I remember the questions we used to ask ourselves during those seven years, from 2010 to 2017. I am Samuncle, former lead artist of SuperTuxKart. ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1445 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/GNU_Linux_Up_to_7_in_Tajikistan.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/GNU_Linux_Up_to_7_in_Tajikistan.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ GNU/Linux Up to 7% in Tajikistan⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Jan 22, 2026 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Dushanbe⦈_ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Desktop_Operating_System_Market_Share_Tajikistan⦈_ Tajikistan is not a 'high-profile' country, but judging_by_this_year's_numbers, having taken_note_of_it_1.5_years_ago, it looks like real gains for GNU/Linux. Maybe "end of 10" contributed towards this. When it comes to search, Yandex_(Russia)_is_now_20+_times_bigger_than Microsoft. 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Search_Engine_Market_Share_Tajikistan⦈_ Android is the_dominant_platform. █ =============================================================================== Image source: Dushanbe ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⡿ ⣿⣿⣛⠻⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢾⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠛⢛⣷⡽⠛⠻⠟⠇⠛⢿⠭⢵⡚⣿⠻⠻⢻⣻⣿⣿⣛⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⡟⢿⣿⡿⡿⣟⢿⣿⡿⡿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣷⡿⣿⢿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣟⣻⡏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⠛⢛⡹⢿ ⠗⢯⣥⣿⣵⣯⡽⢶⣶⣖⠾⢿⣾⣿⣟⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢟⣗⢀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣟⣺⣿⣿⠲⣚⣖⣶⣶⠾⣿⣯⢽⡭⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠷⢟⠾⢿⣿⣿⢘⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠙⠛⠙⠃⠃⠧⠚⢋⣀⣈ ⠸⠿⠿⠇⡗⣛⣳⣞⣗⣷⣲⣟⣽⣽⡅⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⡟⣿⢽⢾⡟⣿⣿⣗⣻⡛⠾⠿⠷⠎⠨⠹⡃⣿⣿⠀⠀⣷⣿⡟⣿⢺⢻⢸⠀⠼⠦⢼⣿⣿⠂⡇⣿⣿⣻⣟⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀ ⠀⠀⢿⡧⡇⣿⢺⡗⠒⢺⢻⡟⣟⡿⣇⣀⣟⣩⣹⡟⢿⣟⣿⣿⠧⠞⠋⠠⠀⠿⢿⣗⢺⣿⡾⣿⣿⡇⠘⠁⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⡇⣿⢸⢸⢼⠀⣿⣶⣿⢩⡋⠂⣁⢩⣏⠘⠛⠻⡟⡛⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢈⣐⢄⣀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⢸⡇⠀⢸⢸⡇⡇⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣽⣧⣤⣀⠈⠛⣤⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠿⡟⣿⣿⣧⣴⣆⡀⣿⣿⣄⣀⣿⣗⣗⣿⣺⣺⢽⣤⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⡶⡦⢬⠿⠁⠀⠀⠐⠂⠀⠀⠒⢐⠓⠋⠉⣀⡈⠉⠙ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⣿⢸⡇⠀⢸⢸⡇⡇⡙⠿⠿⣿⣷⢸⢸⡿⠿⠀⠃⠈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠇⣾⢻⣿⣿⣿⡇⡛⠒⣺⣶⠶⣿⣿⠟⣽⣿⣧⡍⣍⣯⢟⣛⣛⣛⣛⣻⡻⢿⢷⣶⣶⣶⡶⠄⠀⠀⠀⡂⠀⡒⠂⠄⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡛⢚⣓⣒⣚⣚⣓⣧⡗⣵⢐⢺⣿⠰⢺⣇⡇⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣀⡀⠀⣀⣀⣐⡖⢲⣛⣽⠏⠉⣿⠇⣭⡭⣿⣯⠍⣿⣿⣯⣿⣻⣿⣴⣧⣷⣦⣔⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠻⠛⢹⣷⣶⣷⣾⣻⣴⣒⣀⡀⣢⠄⠀⠀ ⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠁⠹⣿⣿⣿⣶⡒⠋⠺⠨⢽⣿⢬⢽⡟⣹⡌⠉⠙⠻⡓⠲⠍⠕⢖⠀⠀⠀⠰⠀⠐⠂⢀⣈⣠⠭⠭⣿⣏⣏⣿⣿⡽⣿⢺⣿⢿⣿⣿⡏⡟⠛⠻⣯⣷⣽⣶⣾⡿⠑⠒⠒⣲⡭⠽⢽⢿⣿⡩⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣶⣶⣿⡇⠐⢐⢺⣿⡲⣺⡟⣽⣿⣉⠑⣮⡏⣀⣀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣪⢝⡛⣿⣿⣿⣟⣛⣻⣿⣇⣿⠋⢺⠀⢹⣿⣷⡇⣿⠙⡇⣿⣿⡯⠗⣿⠈⠭⢽⣿⣗⣓⣚⣿⣿⣚⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣏⠅⠺⠨⢽⣿⢌⢽⡇⡊⠉⣟⠇⠉⠁⣿⣈⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣟⣲⣿⣿⡕⠯⠀⠘⠀⢸⣿⣿⣟⣿⣒⡗⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠚⢺⣿⠿⠻⠾⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠁⠀⠀⢐⣺⡥⠰⢺⡇⠇⠒⠛⣛⣶⣾⣮⣭⡿⣿⣿⣮⣭⣯⣤⠀⠤⠀⠀⠀⣿⣒⣿⣲⣒⠞⠟⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⡗⣿⢼⣧⣿⣿⠧⢂⣯⠠⠨⠽⢿⣹⣿⢟⣿⡏⡏⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠌⡍⢨⠘⡇⠊⠭⠭⠤⠀⠒⠙⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠉⢳⡦⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣏⣿⣹⡇⣿⣿⣟⣭⡗⢀⣘⢺⣿⠒⠒⠒⣿⣧⠆⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠰⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠿⠿⠟⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⡷⡿⢾⣯⣿⣿⡦⣺⡯⠀⠠⢼⣾⠕⠉⢉⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⠀⠀⣀⡤⠤⣤⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⡿⢾⠥⡯⠹⠁⠘⢿⡯⢽⠂⠀⠀⠙⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠑⠻⡿⢿⣛⣤⣤⣤⣶⣶⣶⣮⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⢰⠐⡚⢠⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⡤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⢒⡆⠀⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠁⠀⢀⠐⠀⢠⢄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠼⠉⠀⢸⣽⡿⢿⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⡇⠀⠀⡂⠀⠀⠈⠈⠀⠀⠈⠈⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣨⣹⡻⡷⣾⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡟⡻⠿⠿⠻⢿⠿⠿⣿⣛⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠻⢿⢿⡟⣻⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⡟⡟⡿⡿⠻⠿⢿⡟⡻⢿⢿⠿⢿⣛⠿⠛⠻⡻⠿⠿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⣿ ⡧⠵⢦⠥⠴⠾⣵⣬⠿⡭⠯⠦⢤⣧⣯⣤⣯⣸⣯⣆⣧⣯⣦⣼⣿⣧⣼⣦⣿⣴⣦⣾⣯⣾⣧⣼⣧⣼⣿⣤⣠⣤⣧⣮⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿ ⣷⣶⣶⣿⣷⣶⣷⣵⣾⣷⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣧⣤⡼⢩⣭⡝⢏⣛⠿⠿⢛⡛⠻⣛⡻⢛⠿⠿⣛⢟⡛⠻⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣼⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣿⣾⣶⣦⠋⠙⢉⠟⢛⠿⣿⢋⣩⣤⠻⠟⠉⣥⣌⡌⠿⢱⡌⢟⣩⣦⣍⣥⣍⠛⠻⢿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣾⣿⣿⣷⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣴⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣆⠛⣍⡍⠛⡛⣿⡟⠹⡿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿ ⣿⣶⡆⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⡀⣶⣶⣶⡆⠀⠆⡆⢂⣦⣤⡐⢂⣆⠖⢲⣶⣶⢸⣿ ⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠛⠃⠀⠈⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⠀⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⢸⣿⣿⢸⣿ ⣿⠿⠇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠿⣿⢸⣿ ⣿⣶⡆⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⠀⠀⠀⣶⣶⡦⠀⠀⠀⣶⡆⠀⡆⠴⠐⠀⠀⠄⠰⠄⠰⠀⠀⠀⡆⡄⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⣴⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣄⢸⣿ ⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠈⠉⠁⠀⢠⣶⣿⣷⣶⣷⣶⣶⣷⣷⣾⣶⣾⣶⣾⣶⣷⣷⣷⣿⣶⣷⣶⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿ ⣿⠿⠇⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠦⠄⠀⠀⠀⠰⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢸⣿ ⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿ ⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢏⢸⣿ ⣿⠛⠃⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠀⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠫⠼⢸⣿ ⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⡿⣿⠀⡆⠿⡀⢛⣛⡁⠙⣛⣙⠀⠛⣛⡘⣿ ⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⡏⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠹⠿⢿⠟⠛⠛⣡⠹⣿⣿⠋⡘⠟⣿⣿⡟⣘⢻⡟⠻⢿⣿⠿⢿⢿⠿⡿⠟⠛⣀⠛⠃⡀⠁⠘⠠⠄⠠⢤⡤⡤⠀⢀⡀⠄⠀⡍⢡⣿ ⣿⣟⣃⣘⣛⣁⣈⣉⡁⢉⣉⣉⣁⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣁⣉⣁⣁⣀⣀⣀⣂⣉⣁⣀⣁⣀⣀⣀⣉⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣒⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣐⣂⣂⣈⣉⣉⣉⣉⣁⣂⣀⣈⣀⣀⣂⣀⣉⣈⣀⣈⣁⣁⣸⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣋⣏⣙⣙⣛⣿⣋⣟⣋⣛⣛⣻⣋⣋⣉⣹⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⣩⣏⣋⣛⣻⣟⣙⣉⣹⣟⣛⣉⣛⣛⣋⣛⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣫⡟⡟⣟⢛⢙⣿⣩⡛⠛⠙⣻⢻⣏⠏⠛⣟⢟⠛⣻⣫⣟⡟⢛⡛⣿⠩⢻⣿⢫⡛⠹⢻⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿ ⣿⠒⠓⢗⣛⠓⢺⢿⠶⣳⢀⡒⣛⣾⣿⣶⣶⣿⣷⣶⣾⣶⣿⣷⣾⣷⣿⣾⣮⣿⣿⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣸⣿ ⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿ ⣿⡿⠿⠘⠋⠄⠁⠬⠍⠥⠵⠶⠶⠶⠶⠦⠴⠦⠥⠶⠶⠦⠌⠻⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠻⠿⠋⠌⠤⠍⠤⠌⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠏⠝⠿⠟⠍⠛⠛⠩⠛⠛⠿⠟⠛⠙⠛⠡⠶⠝⠫⠛⠛⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣬⣉⣥⣰⡶⠶⢶⣿⣷⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠿⢿⣿⠿⢰⣷⣄⢡⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣀⡙⢋⣵⡌⢿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠋⠉⠁⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣆⠛⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣥⣠⣶⣤⣭⣿⡇ ⣿⡟⠛⠸⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⠿⠿⠟⠿⠿⠿⠛⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢺⣿⡗⠀⠀⠀⣿⡇⠀⡆⠒⠀⠐⠀⢂⠐⢂⠒⢠⠘⠀⠀⠀⡆⠂⠀⢠⢰⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⡟⠛⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣤⣤⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⣀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⡿⢋⣍⡈⢛⣛⣹⣿⡇ ⠿⠟⠛⠘⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠋⠁⠚⠛⠂⠙⠛⠋⠘⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠀⠐⠂⠙⠁⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠻⠿⠇ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1551 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Goodbye_VirtualBox_I_found_a_better_more_reliable_VM_manager_fo.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Goodbye_VirtualBox_I_found_a_better_more_reliable_VM_manager_fo.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Goodbye, VirtualBox - I found a better, more reliable VM manager for Linux⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Rianne Schestowitz on Jan 22, 2026 Quoting: Goodbye, VirtualBox - I found a better, more reliable VM manager for Linux | ZDNET — I'm a long-time supporter of VirtualBox. Over the years, I've written probably hundreds of articles about it for various publications and spun up thousands of virtual machines. VirtualBox has been integral to my ability to cover Linux. But recently, I had to wave off the virtual machine manager because I'd had enough. Two weeks ago, out of nowhere and just when I needed VirtualBox most, I found I couldn't create virtual machines. When this very same thing happened a week earlier, I had to perform a purge uninstall, and reinstall the software to get it to work. Read_on ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1591 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Improvements_Coming_Soon_Uptime_Also_Improving.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Improvements_Coming_Soon_Uptime_Also_Improving.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Improvements Coming Soon, Uptime Also Improving⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Jan 22, 2026 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Pigeon_Prachtwerk_(1906)⦈_ Last year we experienced one incident upstream, which resulted in the network being unavailable for a number of minutes. It has been over 90 days since that incident, so now we're back to all green: 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Uptime_over_the_past_90_days⦈_ The site is doing exceptionally well this year, both technically and morally*. We may soon make improvements to the way images are presented here, having first applied and tested these changes in the sister site. █ ____ * Over a million requests (files requested from our server) for 4 days in a row now. The_attacks_on_us_are_proving_to_be_counterproductive; they just make us more "mainstream". =============================================================================== Image source: Pigeon_Prachtwerk_(1906) ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣇⣷⣾⣿⣿⣟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣟⣉⣉⠟⠻⠛⠛⠓⢰⣿⣿⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣵⡀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣄⠈⠛⠋⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠐⠀⠈⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢁⣼⡽⠯⠉⠁⠈⠉⠁⡀⠔⠲⠄⢶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣮⣝⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠘⠿⢷⣽⣿⣆⣦⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣔⣾⣿⣿⡇⣠⣖⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠙⣾⣿⠈⣧⣽⣿⣿⣿⠿⣙⠭⣿⣶⡄⠀⠀⠉⠁⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣩⢿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⡟⠿⠛⠳⣋⢍⡀⡂⣀⠀⠀⠀⣸⡟⠀⣿⣷⠟⣿⡷⣿⣿⣷⣠⣀⣀⠀⠀⢐⠆⠈⢸⣿⣿⣿⢀⣬⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣵⣿⢾⣧⠸⣻⠅⠈⠀⠐⠦⠄⢀⣿⡿⠀⢻⣿⣍⣨⣹⣿⣯⠋⠂⡇⠙⠓⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠁⢇⣉⠙⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡟⣶⣿⣿⢟⢋⠾⢿⡇⠠⠀⠀⠨⠄⠀⢤⠟⠁⠀⠸⠉⢈⠉⠛⠻⠇⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡩⠈⢈⣍⣤⣞⣆⠀⠙⣟⣿⣿⣷⣾⢿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡇⠿⠁⠀⠐⡞⢑⣶⢖⣀⠀⠐⠁⠀⠀⠍⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⡀⢤⡀⣀⣟⣯⣶⢦⣤⣝⡛⢿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡇⣶⠆⠶⠖⠈⠉⢤⣤⠔⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣶⣶⣶⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡁⠀⠉⢻⣙⠻⠉⠁⣺⣆⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⠛⠓⣂⠀⣤⠈⠀⠁⠀⠘⠇⠀⠀⠸⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣄⠁⢀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣯⡼⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡇⠟⣈⢒⡋⠁⠈⣠⡜⢧⡀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠼⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡇⣈⢉⠉⠀⠀⠀⣿⠃⠀⢁⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢻⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⢠⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡠⡾⠻⣟⠆⣿⣿⣿⡿⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡇⠁⠀⠂⢀⣀⡤⣀⡀⠀⠋⣁⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣷⣦⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠿⢮⣬⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣭⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡇⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠌⠁⠀⠈⠁⠘⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣤⣐⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⡿⠛⣿⠿⠟⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣄⠀⠄⢰⡞⣬⣝⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⡻⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⡿⠟⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣛⢿⣿⣿⣂⠀⣻⣧⣀⡸⢓⣀⠀⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⠈⠉⠡⠿⠿⢿⣿⣟⣛⣻⣿⣟⢸⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠉⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠓⠛⠃⠘⠉⠁⠈⢉⣩⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠈⠉⠻⠿⠄⠀⠀⣀⣀⣤⣴⣶⣾⡿⠿⠛⢸⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⣋⣡⣴⣾⣷⣦⣤⣤⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣷⣶⣾⣿⣿⠶⠶⢂⡀⣀⣰⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣤⣄⣠⢄⠠⠬⠿⢿⠍⠙⠟⠧⡆⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡇⠟⢛⣭⣵⠶⠿⠿⠛⠛⠛⣭⣭⠭⣄⣠⣤⠄⠀⠀⠀⢾⣿⠿⣿⣟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠻⠛⠛⣛⠛⠿⢟⣲⣦⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠟⢉⠁⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⡌⡀⠀⠉⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡇⣤⣤⣴⣶⡤⠬⠴⠒⣴⣯⣿⣶⣾⣿⣿⡶⠆⠸⠀⢠⠖⢺⠿⠷⠈⠃⠐⠀⠀⠀⠉⣫⣴⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣱⣶⣴⡾⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣹⣩⣏⣠⣀⣀⣈⣉⣩⣅⣀⣠⣄⣀⡀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⣀⡀⠈⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠛⠋⢻⣿⢿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣤⣴⣿⣿⠿⠟⠛⠋⠉⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⡸⢇⣼⠿⣷⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣟⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠟⠛⠛⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠉⠶⢤⡤⠤⢶⡖⠒⢲⣿⣛⠛⠿⡇⢸⣿⡆⢹⣿⠻⠿⠻⠟⠛⠋⠀⠉⠛⠁⠁⠛⢿⣿⣿⣧⣾⡿⢿⡗⢸⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡿⠿⠿⠟⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠶⠟⠋⠀⠭⠉⠃⠈⠈⠈⠑⢀⣀⣀⠈⠉⢉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣨⣤⣿⣿⡟⠀⠈⠁⢹⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⡇⠟⠛⠉⠈⠉⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣴⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣶⣦⣒⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⡿⡿⣿⣿⠿⣿⢿⡿⠿⠿⡿⢿⣿⣿⠿⢿⡿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⠿⡿⡿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣴⣾⣶⣿⣶⣾⣾⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣦⣶⣷⣷⣶⣿⣶⣶⣷⣶⣷⣶⣷⣶⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡟⡟⢻⡟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢟⠿⢿⢿⠿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⢾⠾⡿⢾⢿⠿⡿⢿⢿⠿⡿⢿⠿⡿⡿⢿⠿⡿⡿⢿⠿⡿⡿⢿⠿⡿⡿⢿⠿⡿⣿⢿⠿⡿⢿⢿⠿⡿⢿⢿⡿⡿⢿⠿⡿⡿⢿⠿⡿⡿⢿⠿⡿⡿⢿⠿⡿⣿⢿⠿⡿⢿⢿⠿⡿⢾⢿⡿⡿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⢸⠀⡇⢸⢸⠀⡇⢸⢸⠀⡇⢸⠀⡇⡇⢸⠀⡇⡇⢸⠀⡇⡇⢸⠀⡇⡇⢸⠀⡇⣿⢸⠀⡇⢸⢸⠀⡇⢸⢸⡇⡇⢸⠀⡇⡇⢸⠀⡇⡇⢸⠀⡇⡇⢸⠀⡇⣿⢸⠀⡇⢸⢸⠀⡇⢸⢸⡇⡇⢸⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡟⣺⡶⠷⢾⢾⠶⣷⣾⣾⣶⣷⣾⣶⣷⣷⣾⣶⣷⣷⣾⣶⣷⣷⣾⣶⣷⣷⣾⣶⣷⣿⣾⣶⡳⡞⢞⢶⠷⣾⢾⠷⣷⣾⣶⣷⣷⣾⣶⣷⣷⣾⣶⣷⣷⣾⣶⣷⣿⣾⣶⣷⣾⣾⣶⣷⣾⣾⣓⣷⠾⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣟⣈⣫⣉⣉⣯⣍⣭⣹⣬⣩⣉⣻⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣵⣩⣽⣭⣭⣍⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⢹⠉⡏⢹⢹⠉⡏⢹⢹⠉⡏⢹⠉⡏⡏⢹⠉⡏⡏⢹⠉⡏⡏⢹⠉⡏⡏⢹⠉⡏⣿⢹⠉⡏⢹⢹⠉⡏⢹⢹⡏⡏⢹⠉⡏⡏⢹⠉⡏⡏⢹⠉⡏⡏⢹⠉⡏⣿⢹⠉⡏⢹⢹⠉⡏⢹⢹⡏⡏⢹⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣸⣀⣇⣸⣸⣀⣇⣸⣸⣀⣇⣸⣀⣇⣇⣸⣀⣇⣇⣸⣀⣇⣇⣸⣀⣇⣇⣸⣀⣇⣿⣸⣀⣇⣸⣸⣀⣇⣸⣸⣇⣇⣸⣀⣇⣇⣸⣀⣇⣇⣸⣀⣇⣇⣸⣀⡇⣿⣸⣀⣇⣸⣸⣀⣇⣸⣸⣇⣇⣸⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣏⣻⣉⣩⣹⣉⣏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣫⣯⣭⣽⣉⣉⣩⣩⣿⢱⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣼⣽⣵⣯⣤⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⡿⢿⠿⠿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⡻⢻⠻⠻⢟⣻⡛⢻⡛⠛⠛⠛⠛⡟⡟⡟⠻⠟⠛⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⢶⠶⡶⢾⢾⠾⡶⢶⢾⠿⡿⢿⠿⡿⡿⢿⠿⡿⡿⢿⠿⡿⡿⢿⠿⡿⡿⢿⠿⡿⣿⢿⠿⡿⢿⢿⠿⡿⢿⢿⡿⡿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⢸⠀⡇⢸⢸⠀⡇⢸⢸⠀⡇⢸⠀⡇⡇⢸⠀⡇⡇⢸⠀⡇⡇⢸⠀⡇⡇⢸⠀⡇⣿⢸⠀⡇⢸⢸⠀⡇⢸⢸⡇⡇⢰⠀⡄⡆⢰⠀⡄⡄⢰⠀⡆⡄⢰⠀⡆⣤⢠⠀⡆⢠⢠⠀⡆⢠⢠⡄⡆⢰⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡿⣾⠶⠷⢾⠾⡶⣷⣾⣾⣶⣷⣾⣶⣷⣷⣾⣶⣷⣷⣾⣶⣷⣷⣾⣶⣷⣷⣾⣶⣷⣿⣾⣶⡷⡾⠾⢶⠷⠾⠾⢷⣷⣾⣶⣷⣷⣾⣶⣷⣷⣾⣶⣷⣷⣾⣶⣷⣿⣾⣶⣷⣾⣾⣶⣷⣾⣾⣷⠷⡾⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣷⣾⣶⣾⣾⣶⣷⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣶⣷⣾⣾⣶⣶⣾⣶⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣟⣉⣉⣏⣋⣫⣍⣿⣿⣉⣩⣉⣏⣉⣉⣛⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣋⣋⣉⣟⣉⣩⣉⣝⣩⣙⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⢹⠉⡏⢹⢹⠉⡏⢹⢹⠉⡏⢹⠉⡏⡏⢹⠉⡏⡏⢹⠉⡏⡏⢹⠉⡏⡏⢹⠉⡏⣿⢹⠉⡏⢹⢹⠉⡏⢹⢹⡏⡏⢹⠉⡏⡏⢹⠉⡏⡏⢹⠉⡏⡏⢹⠉⡏⣿⢹⠉⡏⢹⢹⠉⡏⢹⢹⡏⡏⢹⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣸⣀⣇⣸⣸⣀⣇⣸⣸⣀⣇⣸⣀⣇⣇⣸⣀⣇⣇⣸⣀⣇⣇⣸⣀⣇⣇⣸⣀⣇⣿⣸⣀⣇⣸⣸⣀⣇⣸⣸⣇⣇⣸⣀⣇⣇⣸⣀⣇⣇⣸⣀⣇⣇⣸⣀⣇⣿⣸⣀⣇⣸⣸⣀⣇⣸⣸⣇⣇⣸⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣏⣹⣙⣛⣹⣉⣛⣿⣟⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣿⣿⣉⣏⣩⣹⣋⣉⣩⣛⣿⣟⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣻⣿⣿⣉⣛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1687 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Licensing_Legal_LWN_on_GPL_Enforcement.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Licensing_Legal_LWN_on_GPL_Enforcement.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Licensing / Legal: LWN on GPL Enforcement⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Jan 22, 2026 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Jonathan_Corbet⦈_ * ⚓ SFC_v._VIZIO:_who_can_enforce_the_GPL?⠀⇛ The Software Freedom Conservancy (SFC) is suing VIZIO over smart TVs that include software licensed under the GPL and LGPL (including the Linux kernel, FFmpeg, systemd, and others). VIZIO didn't provide the source code along with the device, and on request they only provided some of it. Unlike a typical lawsuit about enforcing the GPL, the SFC isn't suing as a copyright holder; it's suing as a normal owner of the TV in question. This approach opens some important legal questions, and after years of pre-trial maneuvering (most recently resulting in a ruling related to signing keys that is the subject of a separate article), we might finally obtain some answers when the case goes to trial on January 12. As things stand, it seems likely that the judge in the case will rule that that the GPL-enforcement lawsuits can be a matter of contract law, not just copyright law, which would be a major change to how GPL enforcement works. The primary question at the heart of the case is: who has the right to enforce the GPL? There are plenty of things that are illegal, but that nobody can (or cares to) enforce — for example, in my home state of New Hampshire, it is illegal for a restaurant to serve sugar in a container with holes wider than 3/8ths of an inch, but I would be incredibly surprised if the police actually charged someone under that law. * ⚓ GPLv2_and_installation_requirements⠀⇛ On December 24 2025, Linus Torvalds posted a strongly worded message celebrating a ruling in the ongoing GPL-compliance lawsuit filed against VIZIO by the Software Freedom Conservancy (SFC). This case and Torvalds's response have put a spotlight on an old debate over the extent to which the source-code requirements of the GNU General Public License (version 2) extend to keys and other data needed to successfully install modified software on a device. It is worth looking at whether this requirement exists, the subtleties in interpretation that cloud the issue, and the extent to which, if any, the SFC is demanding that information. ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⢨⣶⡌⡟⠱⠦⢹⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠛⡛⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣸⣿⣇⣷⡸⠿⣻⣇⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⢰⣾⣿⣿⣦⡈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠈⠙⣟⠉⡙⡛⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⡿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠲⡮⠀⢛⡟⣿⣿⣷⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡇⡿⣤⢿⢸⡇⣾⡇⣿⣿⣿⢰⣷⢸⡇⣶⠎⣷⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⡇⠨⠭⣽⣾⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣤⣿⣤⣿⣇⣿⣧⣿⣹⣿⣸⣿⣸⣧⣛⣋⣿⣘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠛⠛⠛⠛⢡⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⣤⣿⣿⡻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⣶⣦⣾⣿⣿⡇⠈⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠈⠿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣬⡻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣎⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⠋⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠴⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠘⠀⠀⠠⠀⢠⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠄⠀⠡⡂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⡀⢀⠈ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢼⣧⠁ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠃⠀⢂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⣀⣤⡤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣄⣄⣀⣤⣤⣀⣤⣄⣀⣄⣀⣿⣿⣿⠿⡿⠿⠿⣿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⣿⣏ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠄⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠒⠀⠈⢉⡼⠫⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠒⠀⠀⠀⢰⡻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠋⠁⢈⣀⣊⠀⠈⠀⠘⠚⢃⠴⠋⠤⠄⠀⢀⢄⡴⢢⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⡆⠉⠛⠿⣟⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1772 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Linux_based_Jolla_preorders_closing_in_on_maximum_amount.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Linux_based_Jolla_preorders_closing_in_on_maximum_amount.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Linux-based Jolla preorders closing in on maximum amount⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Jan 22, 2026 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Sailfish_OS⦈_ Jolla from Finland makes a modular, high privacy smartphone that is about to close its pre-order period. They aimed for at least 2,000 units, and at the time of writing, the number of phones pre-ordered is 7,585, with the first two batches being closed and sent to production, and the third batch still being open for another month before production will start. The phones are priced at 579 Euro, and besides an open cover platform, it offers a modular back cover that can be replaced by the user, and the same goes for the battery. The phone has 5G with dual sim-card, 12GB of memory, 256GB of storage, a physical privacy switch, and as something special, it uses the Linux-based Sailfish OS, that is compatible with Android as well. the display is 6.39", 390ppi AMOLED and Gorilla glass, with the main camera being 50MP and a 13MP Ultra wide. Battery capacity is 5,500mAh. Read_on ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡄⣴⣿⣆⣀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⣠⣞⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣰⢏⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢁⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠶⠾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠰⢫⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢋⣾⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⢠⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⣠⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⠃⢀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⠃⣰⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⣴⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⠏⣰⡏⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢸⣿⣿⠃⣰⣿⣿⣿⠋⢀⣾⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣯⣾⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢸⣿⠇⣰⣿⣿⡿⠃⣰⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⢠⡄⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⢸⡏⣰⣿⣿⡟⢁⣼⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⢠⣿⣷⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠘⢠⣿⣿⠏⢠⡾⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⣠⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣾⣿⠋⣠⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢯⣼⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿⠃⡰⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠰⠃⠜⠀⣠⡞⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠈⢀⣼⣿⡶⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⢀⣼⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⠟⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⢀⣾⡿⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢸⣿⣿⠏⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⢀⣾⡿⠁⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢸⡿⠃⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⢠⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠘⠁⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⣰⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⢀⣼⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⢠⣾⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⣴⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⢀⣾⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢨⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⣰⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⢀⣼⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⡟⣟⣿⣿⣿⢛⣿⡟⣿⣿⣿⢛⡯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣟⣻⣻⣻⣟⣻⣿⣟⣿⣻⣿⢻⡟⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣻⣻⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⢿⢻⣿⡛⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1853 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Linux_Devices_Open_Hardware_and_More.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Linux_Devices_Open_Hardware_and_More.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Linux Devices, Open Hardware, and More⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Jan 22, 2026 * § Devices/Embedded⠀➾ o ⚓ Linux Gizmos ☛ Qualcomm_QCS6490-based_3.5″SBC_supports_Yocto, Ubuntu,_and_Windows_on_Arm⠀⇛ The MIO-5355 is offered with either the QCS6490 or QCS5430 system-on-chip. The QCS6490 variant integrates an octa-core Kryo 670 CPU configuration with Cortex-A78 and Cortex-A55 cores clocked up to 2.7 GHz, while the QCS5430 provides a six-core configuration with lower peak frequencies. o ⚓ Linux Gizmos ☛ UnifyDrive_expands_its_private_NAS_lineup_with UC450_Pro_and_UC250⠀⇛ The UC450 Pro is built around Intel’s Core Ultra 5 225H processor, which combines CPU cores with integrated Intel Arc graphics and an onboard NPU via Intel AI Boost. The configuration is described as supporting workloads such as virtualization, media processing, and local AI- assisted tasks. o ⚓ Hackaday ☛ Driving_A_DAC_Real_Fast_With_A_Microcontroller⠀⇛ The design in question is referred to as the PiWave 150 MS/s Bipolar DAC, and as the name suggests, it’s capable of delivering a full 150 million samples per second with 10, 12, or 14 bits of resolution. Achieving that with a microcontroller would normally be pretty difficult. In regular linear operation, it’s hard to clock bits out to GPIO pins at that sort of speed. However, the Raspberry Pi Pico 2 serves as a special case in this regard, thanks to its Programmable I/O (PIO) subsystem. It’s a state machine, able to be programmed to handle certain tasks entirely independently from the microcontroller’s main core itself, and can do simple parallel tasks very quickly. Since it can grab data from RAM and truck it out to a bank of GPIO pins in a single clock cycle, it’s perfect for trucking out data to a DAC in parallel at great speed. The Pi Pico 2’s clock rate tops out at 150 MHz, which delivers the impressive 150 MS/s sample rate. o ⚓ Hackaday ☛ Espressif_Introduces_The_ESP32-E22_Wi-Fi_6E_And Bluetooth_Co-Processor⠀⇛ This wireless functionality includes full WiFi 6E functionality across all three bands, 160 MHz channel bandwidth and 2×2 MU-MIMO, making it quite a leap from the basic WiFi provided by e.g. the ESP32-S* and -C* series. There is also Bluetooth Classic and BLE 5.4 support, which is a relief for those who were missing Bluetooth Classic in all but the original ESP32 for e.g. A2DP sinks and sources. o ⚓ Seth Michael Larson ☛ mGBA_→_Dolphin_not_working?_You_need_a_GBA BIOS⠀⇛ Below is a guide on how to build the BIOS ROM from source on Ubuntu 24.04, and then dump GBA BIOSes. Please note you'll likely need a GBA flash cartridge for running homebrew on your Game Boy Advance. I used an EZ-Flash Omega flash cartridge, but I've heard Everdrive GBA is also popular. * § Open Hardware/Modding⠀➾ o ⚓ It's FOSS ☛ Elecrow_CrowPanel_Rotary_Display_Review:_A_Smart_Knob for_DIY_Enthusiasts⠀⇛ A hands-on review of the Elecrow CrowPanel Rotary Display, exploring its hardware quality, DIY setup, and real-world use with Home Assistant and smart devices. o ⚓ Silicon Angle ☛ AheadComputing_lands_$30M_to_build_RISC- V_processors_for_Hey_Hi_(AI)_data_centers⠀⇛ AheadComputing Inc., a company pioneering breakthrough central processing unit microarchitecture to deliver next generation performance for future artificial intelligence needs, today announced it has raised $30 million in early-stage funding. Eclipse, Toyota Ventures and Cambium co-led the Seed2 round, bringing the company’s total funding to $53 million to date. o ⚓ CNX Software ☛ OnLogic_CL260_fanless_defective_chip_maker_Intel N150/N250_industrial_mini_PC_offers_RS232/RS485_terminal_block,_12- 24V_DC_input⠀⇛ OnLogic CL260 is an ultra-compact, fanless industrial mini PC powered by an defective chip maker Intel Processor N150 or N250 Twin Lake SoC with features such as an RS232/RS485 terminal block and 12-24V wide DC input. The mini PC ships with up to 8GB LPDDR5 memory and 128GB to 2TB M.2 SSD. It also features two Gigabit Ethernet RJ45 ports, an M.2 Key-E socket for an optional WiFi 6E module, four USB 3.2 ports, and two USB-C ports with DisplayPort Alt mode for dual display setups. The CL260 is suitable for data collection, gateway applications, and edge computing deployments. ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1988 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Linux_Kernel_and_OpenZFS_in_2026_ZFS_in_Production_BSD.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Linux_Kernel_and_OpenZFS_in_2026_ZFS_in_Production_BSD.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Linux Kernel and OpenZFS in 2026, ZFS in Production (BSD)⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Jan 22, 2026 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Kernel.org_screenshot⦈_ * ⚓ Tracking_kernel_development_with_korgalore⠀⇛ If you're a Gmail or Outlook user and you're subscribed to high-volume mailing lists, you're probably routinely missing mail. Korgalore is a tool that monitors mailing lists via lore.kernel.org and can import mail directly into your inbox so you don't miss any of it. You can also couple korgalore with lei for powerful filtering features that can reduce the firehose to what you'd actually find useful. * ⚓ Ryabitsev:_Tracking_kernel_development_with_korgalore⠀⇛ Konstantin Ryabitsev has put up a_blog_post_about_korgalore, a tool he has written to circumvent delivery problems experienced by kernel developers using the large, centralized email systems. * ⚓ Klara’s_Expert_Perspective_on_OpenZFS_in_2026_and_What_to_Expect_Next⠀⇛ The market trends impacting server hardware through 2025 show no signs of relenting and will continue their outsized impact on the availability and price of system components. It will become increasingly important to be able to compensate for these price increases to continue to meet the storage demands of the most critical workloads. * ⚓ ZFS_in_Production:_Real-World_Deployment_Patterns_and_Pitfalls⠀⇛ ZFS in production offers near limitless upwards scalability, able to address immense volumes of data and manage resiliency in the face of hardware with physical reliability limitations. ZFS is able to meet the requirements of especially demanding workloads, all without additional license costs or vendor lock- in. However, when operating a large scale, storage systems can be incredibly unforgiving of design shortcuts, operational drift over time, and incorrect assumptions. Many production incidents attributed to “ZFS bugs” are, in reality, the delayed consequences of the misconceptions we will discuss in this article. ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⢰⠀⠉⢉⣿⢸⠀⠉⠉⠉⠉⣹⠀⢰⢉⡋⡍⠉⠉⡁⢸⠃⠈⠉⢉⠀⠉⠈⠋⢉⣉⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⢀⠈⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣶⣶⣶⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣾⣾⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣾⣾⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⣼⣾⣦⠈⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠿⢿⣿⣿⣟⠿⠿⠿⡿⢿⣿⣿⠛⢟⢿⣿⣿⠻⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⠻⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⡟⠻⢿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠾⡌⠿⠃⠴⢿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠾⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠷⠶⠶⠷⠶⠶⠿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣉⣛⣛⣟⣹⣿⣿⣛⣛⣛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣶⣶⠲⠶⠶⠶⠒⠖⠶⠶⠶⣶⢸⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⡤⠤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣭⣍⣽⡦⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣬⣍⣉⣭⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⡿⣶⠶⠶⠶⡶⢶⠖⠂⡒⢿⢸⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⠒⠻⠛⣻⣿⣿⠶⠦⢾⠓⠴⠷⡖⠶⠿⠢⠾⠟⠿⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣐⣘⣇⣋⣸⣻⣸⡘⠄⠝⣸⢸⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠿⠟⠟⠿⢿⡟⠛⠻⠟⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠛⠛⠟⠛⢻⡟⠿⠻⠛⢿⣿⣿⡟⠿⠿⠟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠿⠿⠛⢻⠻⠿⠿⠿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣚⣚⣐⣿⣾⣗⣂⣩⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣂⣈⣋⣃⣸⡇⣛⣐⣃⡎⡛⢛⡇⣚⣺⡒⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢘⣒⣚⣃⢸⢘⣓⣒⣓⡊⣛⣛⡛⣛⡛⢹⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⢉⣁⣈⣹⣿⣇⡀⡀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⡅⡅⢸⡇⣉⢈⡀⡀⣉⣁⡇⣉⣉⡁⢀⣉⣏⣉⣉⢸⢀⣉⣉⠀⢸⢈⣉⣉⣉⡀⡁⣉⣉⣁⣉⢸⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠲⠦⠲⠶⢾⡗⠒⠓⢺⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⠒⠒⠖⠖⢺⡇⠶⠲⠒⠃⠦⠔⡇⠶⠺⠂⠐⠾⡷⠖⠗⢸⠐⠶⠶⠒⢸⠸⠶⠶⠶⠂⠖⠶⠦⠖⠦⢸⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣙⡓⣚⣛⣻⣏⣋⣩⣩⣻⣿⣿⣿⣯⣋⣉⣋⣋⣽⡇⣛⣙⣃⡇⡒⢒⡇⣛⣻⡃⢘⣻⣟⣛⣟⢸⢘⣛⣛⣉⢸⢘⣛⣛⣛⡂⣛⣛⡓⣛⡓⢸⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⢬⣍⣨⣭⣽⡧⡤⡤⢤⣬⣿⣿⣿⡧⡤⠤⡥⡤⢼⡇⣭⢬⡄⡀⣉⣁⡇⣭⣬⡅⢠⣭⣏⣥⣭⢸⢠⣭⣭⠤⢸⢨⣭⣭⣭⡀⡥⣭⣍⣥⣍⢸⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠒⠂⠒⠒⢺⡗⠒⠓⠒⠺⣿⣿⣿⡗⠒⠒⠖⠒⣻⡇⠖⠒⠒⠃⠂⠐⡇⠒⠚⠂⠐⠚⡗⠒⠓⢸⠐⠒⠲⠒⢸⠐⠒⠲⠒⠂⠒⠒⠆⠒⠆⢸⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣙⣓⣚⣛⣻⣟⣛⣛⣉⣉⣉⣉⣋⣏⣉⣉⣋⣉⣋⣷⣿⣿⣷⣷⣶⣶⣷⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣾⣿⣿⣿⣾⢘⣛⣛⣛⣰⣿⣿⣷⣿⣷⣾⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠛⠛⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢸⡟⠻⠟⠿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢸⣷⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠤⣵⢬⡭⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⠼⠭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⣭⠭⠤⣭⣤⣝⣿⣭⣽⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢸⡧⠭⠧⠭⢭⠭⡭⡽⢿⡿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠒⠒⠒⢲⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠒⠒⠞⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⠂⠒⠒⠛⠛⠛⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢸⡗⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⢲⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠃⠀⠘⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 2087 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/LWN_on_Kernel_and_Recent_Linux_Talks.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/LWN_on_Kernel_and_Recent_Linux_Talks.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ LWN on Kernel and Recent Linux Talks⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Jan 22, 2026 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Qais_Yousef⦈_ * ⚓ READ_ONCE(),_WRITE_ONCE(),_but_not_for_Rust⠀⇛ The READ_ONCE() and WRITE_ONCE() macros are heavily used within the kernel; there are nearly 8,000 call sites for READ_ONCE(). They are key to the implementation of many lockless algorithms and can be necessary for some types of device-memory access. So one might think that, as the amount of Rust code in the kernel increases, there would be a place for Rust versions of these macros as well. The truth of the matter, though, is that the Rust community seems to want to take a different approach to concurrent data access. An understanding of READ_ONCE() and WRITE_ONCE() is important for kernel developers who will be dealing with any sort of concurrent access to data. So, naturally, they are almost entirely absent from the kernel's documentation. * ⚓ A_high-level_quality-of-service_interface⠀⇛ Quality-of-service (QoS) mechanisms attempt to prioritize some processes (or network traffic, disk I/O, etc.) over others in order to meet a system's performance goals. This is a difficult topic to handle in the world of Linux, where workloads, hardware, and user expectations vary wildly. Qais Yousef spoke at the 2025 Linux Plumbers Conference, alongside his collaborators John Stultz, Steven Rostedt, and Vincent Guittot, about their plans for introducing a high-level QoS API for Linux in a way that leaves end users in control of its configuration. The talk focused specifically on a QoS mechanism for the scheduler, to prioritize access to CPU resources differently for different kinds of processes. (slides; video) Historically, the server market has been a big factor in optimizing the performance of the Linux scheduler, Yousef said. That has changed somewhat over time, but at least initially the scheduler was extremely throughput-focused. In recent years, there has been more concern given to interactivity, but there are still a lot of stale assumptions about how to wring the best performance out of a Linux system. POSIX hasn't evolved to cover new developments, applications still often spawn one thread per CPU core as though the system has no other workloads running, and so on. The current default scheduler in the kernel, EEVDF, has a number of configurable parameters that can be adjusted for the system as a whole or per-process; Yousef thought that the best way to implement a QoS API for Linux was to give the scheduler enough information about processes to set reasonable default values for the existing configuration options. In the past, people have focused on the kernel interface used to communicate with the scheduler, he said, but that isn't the problem that matters. What matters is providing a high-level API for applications that doesn't require detailed knowledge of the scheduler's configuration to use. * ⚓ Format-specific_compression_with_OpenZL⠀⇛ Lossless data compression is an important tool for reducing the storage requirements of the world's ever-growing data sets. Yann Collet developed the LZ4 algorithm and designed the Zstandard (or Zstd) algorithm; he came to the 2025 Open Source Summit Japan in Tokyo to talk about where data compression goes from here. It turns out that we have reached a point where general-purpose algorithms are only going to provide limited improvement; for significant increases in compression, while keeping computation costs within reason for data-center use, turning to format-specific techniques will be needed. ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⠖⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣤⣤⣤⣷⣶⣶⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣦⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣰⣶⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣤⣤⣤⣤⣬⣭⣭⣬⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⡍⠉⢁⣠⣤⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣤⣄⣀⠈⠛⢛⢛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠶⠾⠷⠶⠾⠴⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠋⠁⢠⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠛⠉⠁⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣴⣾⣿⣦⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⠉⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⢀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣷⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡋⠉⠉⠉⠁⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠐⠀⣤⡀⠀⠙⠻⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠉⠀⠀⣀⣀⣉⣀⣀⠀⠀⠈⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠈⠻⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠸⢿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⢰⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠃⠀⠀⠘⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠙⠁⠀⠀⠾⠿⠛⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡄⠉⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⠖⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠒⣠⠔⠂⠚⠆⠀⠀⠦⢴⣀⣀⠀⠀⠘⠁⠰⠟⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠀⢀⡏⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⡏⠐⠀⠀⡀⡧⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⢿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡇⠘⠀⠀⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣤⣤⣿⣤⣶⣾⣷⣾⣦⣼⣥⣿⣟⠗⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠟⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⡎⠙⠛⠻⢿⡇⠀⠀⣀⣀⡀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣶⠃⣠⣤⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⢀⣤⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⠟⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣷⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠴⢿⣍⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠇⢀⣤⣀⠈⢛⢿⡛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣗⣠⣴⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠈⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠈⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡏⠐⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠺⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠰⣶⣾⠿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠎⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⡰⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠰⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀ ⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣀⡀⠀⣠⣶⣶⡄⣀⠁⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠿⠟⠋⠙⠛⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡋⠀⠿⢷⣶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠛⠻⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣄⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 2233 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Modifier_keys_in_Linux_virtual_machines_under_macOS.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Modifier_keys_in_Linux_virtual_machines_under_macOS.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Modifier keys in Linux virtual machines under macOS⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Rianne Schestowitz on Jan 22, 2026 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇modifier_keys⦈_ Quoting: Modifier keys in Linux virtual machines under macOS — If you happen to use more than one operating system, you will occasionally encounter issues with defaults that go against your ingrained reflexes. I'm not here to debate which setup is superior, the PC or the Mac one. Both possibly have their merits, and they definitely make 100% sense to their existing users. Since I intend to keep using all these different layouts, for me, the simplest and most logical option is to subvert Mac's behavior to that of the classic PC setup. With virtualization added into the equation, this creates a wee problem, as the virtual machine guest operating systems do not see the remapping, and behave the way macOS intends. This conflict is quite tricky, and best resolved, so both systems behave one and the same way. Luckily, in Linux, or to be more precise, in the Plasma desktop, it is quite easy to modify the key behavior. Thus, we go from Mac > Linux > Mac > Linux, and everything is cushty. I hope you enjoyed this little piece. See you around. Read_on ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣇⣀⣿⣄⣁⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣨⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠛⠉⠻⠟⠛⠿⠟⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣤⣤⣴⣦⣲⣦⣴⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠁⠀⠈⠉⠉⠛⠋⠛⠛⠉⠙⠛⠉⠛⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢬⣽⣭⠭⣼⣯⣭⣥⣬⣽⣬⣭⣯⣭⣭⣯⣭⣭⣭⣯⣬⣭⣭⣽⣬⣽⣭⣭⣭⣿⣭⣽⣭⣭⣽⣼⣬⣯⣭⣧⣭⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠷⠶⢾⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣿⣾⣶⣶⣿⣶⣷⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡀⠀⢀⣆⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢛⠿⠿⡿⡿⠿⢿⠿⠻⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠻⢟⠿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⡿⢻⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠛⣛⠻⠿⠻⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣾⣾⣾⣾⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣷⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣤⣬⣴⣷⣦⣤⣴⣴⣴⣦⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢛⠿⠟⠿⠿⢿⣻⠟⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⢟⠿⠿⠿⠟⡟⣻⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠁⠤⠈⡟⠛⠛⠋⡏⠙⠛⠛⠛⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣷⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣷⣿⣿⣾⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡷⣶⣾⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠟⡛⠛⡟⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⢹⠛⠛⠛⠟⡟⢻⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣗⠀⣺⣇⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠛⢉⢻⠟⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠻⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⢻⠛⠛⡟⠛⢛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡙⡟⠙⠛⠛⠛⡟⢹⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣤⣀⣴⣶⣴⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠁⠄⢸⠋⠉⢓⠋⠛⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡉⡛⠙⢛⠛⠉⣛⡛⠛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⡏⡟⢛⢛⡛⢛⠋⡏⢹⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡶⠶⢾⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡀⠀⢰⣇⣀⣀⣀⡀⣀⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠛⠛⢻⡟⠿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠿⠛⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣤⣄⣴⣶⣦⣤⣤⣤⣴⣴⣶⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠁⠁⠹⠏⠛⠛⠋⠉⠛⠛⠙⠛⠋⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡷⠶⢾⣿⣷⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⡀⠀⢘⣠⣈⣁⣀⣀⣈⣘⣀⣈⣉⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⡏⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠻⠛⠛⠛⠟⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⣻⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣇⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣾⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 2305 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/MX_Linux_25_1_brings_back_switchable_init_systems.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/MX_Linux_25_1_brings_back_switchable_init_systems.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ MX Linux 25.1 brings back switchable init systems⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Rianne Schestowitz on Jan 22, 2026 Quoting: MX Linux 25.1 brings back switchable init systems — In other words, 25.1 restores one of the most distinctive and useful features of MX Linux: the ability to choose your init system as the computer boots. The MX Linux 25 release back in November last year made you choose before installation, and the KDE Plasma edition was only available with systemd. Read_on ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 2335 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/New_benchmarks_show_Linux_gaming_nearly_matching_Windows_on_AMD.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/New_benchmarks_show_Linux_gaming_nearly_matching_Windows_on_AMD.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ New benchmarks show Linux gaming nearly matching Windows on AMD GPUs⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Jan 22, 2026 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Linux_gaming⦈_ As numerous controversies and Microsoft's relentless push for generative AI damage Windows 11's reputation, Linux continues to make strides in performance and compatibility. Handheld PCs have made Linux gaming more viable than ever, but the jury is still out on whether it's time to switch from Windows on high- end desktops. A recent benchmark from PC Games Hardware suggests that, at least for some games, Proton has nearly eliminated the performance cost of running Windows code on Linux. AMD Radeon RX 9000 GPU owners uninterested in online games should seriously consider switching to Linux. Read_on ⠄⠀⢀⠀⠀⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢉ ⡄⠀⡀⠀⢀⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣅ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣤⣤⣤⣤⣀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⢿⡟⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦ ⣀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡖⠰⠰⠀⠠⣠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠴⠶⢶⣦⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠈⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠷ ⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠉⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣤⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠠⠤⠶ ⣤⣀⣀⣀⠀⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⣀⢀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣶⣀⣠⡤⠀⠀⠀ ⣇⣀⣀⣀⠀⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢈⣽⡿⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⠂⠀⣄⠀⠀⠀⣶⠀⠀⠀⣾⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣠⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠻⢿⣿⣷⣶⣦ ⡀⠀⠀⢀⣄⣽⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠺⡛⢁⣠⡰⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠋⠀⡄⠀⣿⠀⠀⠀⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠂⠈⠉⠉⠉⠛ ⣀⣀⣀⢠⣄⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠟⢊⣴⣾⡷⠃⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⢹⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⠀⣿⠀⠀⠀⣿⠀⠈⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⠋⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀ ⣤⡤⠄⢀⣤⣽⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣤⣶⣿⣿⡋⠐⠓⠀⠀⠀⠀⠆⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣸⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠘⠃⠀⢿⡄⠀⢠⡟⠀⠀⠀⠰⡆⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠀⠀⢤⡤⣤⣤ ⣄⣀⣀⠠⡦⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠋⠁⠀⠙⢿⣤⣀⠂⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⠀⠻⣤⠀⠀⠀⣤⣤⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠀⠀⠐⠲⣾⣿ ⣀⠀⠀⠀⠄⣼⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣦⣤⣴⣶⠀⠐⠈⡿⢡⣿⣿⣆⠀⠃⠀⠀⠀⠰⣾⣿⣟⣁⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿ ⡁⢀⡀⠠⠄⢼⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠋⠑⠛⠿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣶⣰⠀⡄⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠯⣹⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⡇⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⡿ ⡀⠠⠤⢤⡄⢼⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣶⣾⣿⡅⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡿⠿⠟⠃⠀⠰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢠⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣷⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⡏ ⡧⢤⠤⠤⠄⢸⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠇⣴⣾⣿⡆⠀⠘⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⡀⢿⡿⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⠿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⡇⠀⢸⣿⣿⡉ ⡀⠠⠀⠠⠄⢸⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⢼⣿⣿⠹⣧⠀⠀⣿⡿⢿⣿⡧⡇⠐⠛⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⢀⣀⣀⣼⣿⣿⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⢀ ⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⣼⣿⣿⡴⣯⣴⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣳⣠⣄⣀⣀⣰⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⠀⢀⠘⠻⠇⠠ ⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⡶⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡍⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡈⣸⡟⠀⠠ ⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⡇⠀⢠⣴⣾⠋⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣢⣤⣤⣤⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠛⠷⠦⣤⣀⣀⣀⣀⣤⣤⣷⣿⣷⣾⣶ ⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⡇⠀⣸⣿⠁⠀⣠⣾⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠷⢄⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠛⡋⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠛⠛⠛⠋⠈⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣤⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣯⣀⣴⣿⣿⠀⠹⢿⣿⣯⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣛⣿⣷⣴⣦⣾⣆⡽⠩⠛⠛⢉⣩⡵⠟⠻⢛⣊⠭⠄⣚⣲⣿⣽⣿⣷⣶⣶⣦⣤⣴⣶⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⣠⣾⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⡄⠀⠀⠉⠡⠀⠐⢛⣉⠉⡀⠈⠁⠂⠀⠈⠙⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣟⢉⣁⣀⣀⣄⣀⣀⣀⣠⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣤⣤⣴⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠋⠈⢰⣿⣿⠟⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠻⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣤⣤⣀⣀⣀⣀⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⡀⠈⠙⢿⣧⣤⣤⣄⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠾⠃⠀⠀⣀⣀⣤⣴⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣤⣤⠄⠉⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡄⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠟⠉⠁⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠈⠙⣿⡿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 2397 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/New_Steam_Client_Update_Adds_Support_for_the_Razer_Raiju_V3_Pro.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/New_Steam_Client_Update_Adds_Support_for_the_Razer_Raiju_V3_Pro.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ New Steam Client Update Adds Support for the Razer Raiju V3 Pro Controller⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Marius Nestor on Jan 22, 2026 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Steam_Client⦈_ The new Steam Client update adds support for the Razer Raiju V3 Pro wireless PS5/PC controller, re-enables support for the Nintendo Switch 2 wired controller, adds "Response Axis Style" to "Stick Response Curve" options to the Joystick Mode settings, and adds a toggle for the Gyro "Smooth Fine Movements" option in Steam Input. In addition, Steam Input received a new option for the Gyro to Joystick Deflection option, which, when enabled, will drag the center point when moving the controller past its maximum deflection angle. Moreover, this update improves handling of issues when a controller disconnects while the controller configurator is open. Read_on ⠰⠒⠂⢀⣂⡐⠂⡐⠒⠀⢒⡀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⢀⢀⠀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠂⠀⠒⠀⠀⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠀⠂⠀⠀⠂⠀ ⣈⣀⣀⣉⣉⣁⣘⣛⣛⡃⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉⠁⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀ ⠙⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⢛⣃⣋⡀⠀⣀⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⢈⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠀⠈⠈⠉⣛⠁⠀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⠘ ⣠⣤⣤⣤⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⡿⠿⠟⠱⣿⡇⠰⡿⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⣘⣛⣛⣛⣛⣋⣛⡟⠛⠛⠛⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠰⠶⠶⢐⠒⢒⣀⢀⢰⣿⣿⣷⣼⣟⣿⠟⠀ ⠸⣷⣒⣒⣒⣒⣒⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⢘⣟⡛⠙⠿⠿⠿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠅⠀ ⠰⡷⠗⠷⠷⠖⠶⠶⠒⡖⠶⠀⢠⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠆⠸⣿⣿⣾⣷⣶⣶⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀ ⠈⡿⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⠶⣦⡄⠀⠉⠉⠙⠛⠋⢸⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⠈⡿⠭⠭⡭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠭⠀⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠃⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀ ⠀⣿⣛⣛⣛⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠐⣓⣒⣂⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣤⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⡖⣶⣶⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢤⣄⣤⣤⠀⣠⣤⣴⣶⣶⡄⣀⠀ ⠀⣿⢶⠲⠶⠶⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡷⢎⠹⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⢰⢶⣦⣾⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⠀ ⠀⠭⠭⠭⠬⠍⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⠻⡿⠀⣿⣏⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⢰⣾⡛⢸⣿⣿⣿⠖⠋⠉⠉⠛⢿⣿⣿⠀ ⠀⣏⢭⢭⠭⡭⠥⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⠿⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢰⡇⣰⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⢿⡿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⠀ ⠀⣀⣓⣚⣛⣛⠚⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠻⣿⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣭⣿⢾⣿⣿⣿⠶⠖⢰⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⠀ ⠀⡀⣒⣂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠷⣿⣿⡇⠠⣿⡿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡻⠿⠛⣿⣼⠀⣿⡿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠏⠀ ⠰⡷⢶⠶⠶⢶⢶⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣛⢛⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣤⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣥⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠹⠍⠍⠭⠍⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠏⠭⠭⠭⠭⠍⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠭⠭⠩⠍⠏ ⢰⣶⠀⣶⣶⠀⣶⡦⠀⠶⠆⠐⣿⡗⠀⣷⡆⠀⣿⡆⠀⣶⡆⢰⣶⡆⢸⣿⡆⢰⣷⡆⠰⣶⠀⣿⣿⡇⢰⣶⠀⢸⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠠⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠀⠠⠤⠄⠦⠤⠀ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 2456 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/_One_Feed_to_Rule_Them_All_and_Mozilla_Turns_Firefox_Into_Spywa.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/_One_Feed_to_Rule_Them_All_and_Mozilla_Turns_Firefox_Into_Spywa.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ "One Feed to Rule Them All" and Mozilla Turns Firefox Into Spyware ("Data") After Culling Firefox's RSS Support⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Jan 22, 2026 * ⚓ Matt Fantinel ☛ One_Feed_to_Rule_Them_All⠀⇛ Last weekend I quietly launched another section in this website: a chronological feed that aggregates everything I post here, e.g. blog posts, quick reviews, photographies and cool links, all in one place. o § Mozilla⠀➾ # ⚓ Chris_H-C:_This_Week_in_Data:_There’s_No_Such_Thing_as_a Normal_Month⠀⇛ (“This Week in Data” is a series of blog posts that the Data Team at Mozilla is using to communicate about our work. Posts in this series could be release notes, documentation, hopes, dreams, or whatever: so long as it’s about data.) ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 2497 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Open_Hardware_Modding_M5MonsterC5_ESP32_Fiber_Optic_Lamp_and_Mo.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Open_Hardware_Modding_M5MonsterC5_ESP32_Fiber_Optic_Lamp_and_Mo.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Open Hardware/Modding: M5MonsterC5/ESP32, Fiber Optic Lamp, and More⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Jan 22, 2026 * ⚓ CNX Software ☛ M5MonsterC5_hacking_tool_adds_ESP32-C5_and_5_GHz_Wi-Fi_6 support_to_M5Stack_Cardputer_ADV_and_Tab5⠀⇛ Developed by Laboratorium in Poland, the M5MonsterC5 is an ESP32-C5-based “Marauder” hacking tool designed to work with M5Stack Cardputer ADV or M5Stack Tab5. It gets connected to the Cardputer ADV or Tab5 via a Grove connector and runs JanOS and Project Zero for wireless security research, experimentation, and rapid prototyping with minimal setup. * ⚓ Hackaday ☛ Fiber_Optic_Lamp_Modified_To_Be_Scarily_Bright⠀⇛ The video also explores modding a modern fiber optic lamp, too. It was incredibly cheap, running off batteries and using a single color-changing LED to illuminate the fibers. [Braniac75] decided to try illuminating the plastic fibers with an RGB stage lighting laser rig—namely, the LaserCube Ultra 7.5 W from Wicked Lasers. With this kind of juice, the fiber lamp is eye- searingly bright, quite literally, and difficult to film. However, with the laser output dialed way down, the lamp looks amazing—with rich saturated colors dancing across the fiber bundle as the lasers do their thing. * ⚓ [Old] Aashvik ☛ doin'_it_all_with_555s⠀⇛ Today, on this most auspicious and interesting of April 1sts since the summer of 1971 – April 1st, 2025 – I present to you the definitive guide to replacing all components with a 555 timer. Prepare to be amazed, baffled, and (my hope is) not horrified by the sheer brilliance of this approach. ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 2551 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Pathways_to_open_source_and_from_it_one_flawed_journey_exposed.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Pathways_to_open_source_and_from_it_one_flawed_journey_exposed.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Pathways to open-source (and from it): one flawed journey exposed⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Rianne Schestowitz on Jan 22, 2026 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Plasma_plus_Usability_⦈_ Quoting: Pathways to open-source (and from it): one flawed journey exposed – Filip Fila's blog — It’s been almost 7 years since I made a post titled “First steps in open-source” where I talked about joining KDE – a Linux community of kindred spirits working on free and open-source software. Brimming with optimism and still living the more or less relaxed student’s life, I had the drive and the opportunity to start on a path that would lead to many more steps… and blog posts. Nowadays there’s nothing but tumbleweed on that path and the posts have dried up. This post is going to be about why that happened and why it might not be the road you should take. If there’s a point I’d want to drive home, it’s this – “where I stumbled, maybe I should have persevered”. Distances are, however, useful for reflecting and obtaining some insights that might not have hit me otherwise. So I think, and hope, this post could be useful for prospective or new contributors, because our stumbling points are often not just our own. Read_on ⠀⣿⡇⢸⠀⢰⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠒⠛⠓⠚⠒⠊⣦⠤⠄⠀⠀⢻⣿⣟⠆⣹⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⣿⠁⠀⠞⢛⣼⣯⣴⣶⣄⠀⠀⣽⣿⣟⠉⠉⠉⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣋⣩⢹⣿⣿⡏⠁⣿⠿⠃⠀⠀⢠⣿⣾⣿⣿⠋⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠄⠀⡿⠇⠀⠀⠀⢀⠈⣿⣿⣿⡏⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠂⠙⠉⠻⠿⣿⡟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡥⠿⠛⠻⡿⢶⣿⣷⣀⣿⣿⣧⡄⢸⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⢉⣽⣿⡟⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡀⠀⠀⠐⠁⠀⠀⠐⣿⡀⣀⣿⣿⣿⡏⢀⠀⠀⢀⣶⠀⠀⠉⠛⣩⣼⡛⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡤⡌⢻⣿⣿⣿⠀⠐⠂⠀⣈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣥⣼⣿⣿⣿⡇⢠⣮⣿⣿⡷⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣥⡌⣿⣃⣸⠁ ⡇⠀⠀⠀⣶⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠀⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠨⠀⣶⡄⠀⠉⢸⣷⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⢠⡄⢽⣿⣧⡇⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⡙⢿⣿⣿⣯⣴⣟⣛⣉⣭⣿⣯⣍⣉⣉⡛ ⠇⠀⠀⠀⢻⡆⠀⠀⠀⢰⠂⠈⠉⠉⠁⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠆⠀⠀⠸⣿⠿⠿⠿⠀⠀⠀⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡇⠸⠿⢹⡇⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡻⣿⣿⠟⠁⣼⣿⣿⣿⠋⠷⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣉ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⣘⣳⡀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢲⣾⣑⡐⢀⠂⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠛⣿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣷⣿⡿⠀⢀⣿⣾⣿⣧⡾⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣥⣾⡆⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣶⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣤⢠⣆⢰⡀⣠⡄⠀⠀⠀⢀⠸⣿⡀⢰⠄⠀⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣷⣦⢼⣽⠁⡽⠏⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⢨⣿⡃⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣷⢰⣧⡄⠉⠆⠘⣿⣿⣷⣆⣀⡀⣀⣀⢀⡀⢰⠀⢸⡇⠀⢠⡀⠀⣿⠁⠸⣿⢨⠿⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⢃⠙⠛⠿⠿⠿⠃⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⢀⣀⣸⣿⣿⡟⠀⣄⠀⢠⠀⠀⠄⠁⠁⠀⠀⠑⠘⠛⠳⠘⢿⠀⠘⣿⣿⢫⣿⢿⣿⡟⠿⠃⠇⠀⠂⠀⠉⣿⣿⠛⣿⠇⣿⡿⢸⠁⠘⠀⣸⣿⣆⣾⣧⡸⢛⠀⢰⣿⢀⣶⡀⠀⢀⠀⠀⣾⣆⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⠈⠘⢉⡈⢀⣀⣿⣇⣀⣹⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣦⣬⣤⣿⣇⣈⣁⡚⢠⣿⠿⢇⠉⢁⡸⢟⡀⢸⣷⠀⣿⡇⠀⢸⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⢺⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠃⠀⠠⡄⠀⠀⣰⣤⣤⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣀⣀⣀⣀⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠋⠀⠀⠈⠙⠉⠚⠛⠃⠈⠛⠀⠛⠁⠀⠘⠂⠀⠿⠿⠀⠸⠀⠸⠿⠿⣿ ⣻⣿⣿⣿⣏⣤⣤⣴⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⡿⢿⣛⣭⣤⣶⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⢭⣥⣀⣈⣩⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⢀⢀⠀⠀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀ ⠿⠿⠛⣿⣿⡿⢿⠿⠿⣟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣤⣤⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠻⠃⠀⢀⡀⡔⠒⠀⡀⠀⠒⠂⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣉⣀⣒⣒⣊⣀⣐⣲⣶ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 2611 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Programming_Leftovers.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Programming_Leftovers.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Programming Leftovers⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Jan 22, 2026 * ⚓ Rob Bowley ☛ Coding_has_never_been_the_bottleneck_|_Rob_Bowley⠀⇛ Coding has never been the governing bottleneck in software delivery. Not recently. Not in the last decade. And not across the entire history of the discipline. I wrote this post in response to the current wave of people claiming “AI means coding is no longer the bottleneck” and to have somewhere to point them too – a long trail of experienced practitioners highlighting the main constraints in software delivery have always sat elsewhere. That doesn’t mean coding speed never matters. In small teams, narrow problem spaces, or early exploration, it can be a local constraint, for a time. The point is that once software becomes non-trivial, progress is governed far more by other factors – such as understanding, decision-making, coordination and feedback – than by the rate at which code can be produced. * ⚓ Sebastian Wick ☛ Sebastian_Wick:_Best_Practices_for_Ownership_in_GLib⠀⇛ For all the rightful criticisms that C gets, GLib does manage to alleviate at least some of it. If we can’t use a better language, we should at least make use of all the tools we have in C with GLib. This post looks at the topic of ownership, and also how it applies to libdex fibers. * ⚓ Sandor Dargo ☛ Time_in_C++:_C++20_Brought_Us_Time_Zones_|_Sandor Dargo's_Blog⠀⇛ Until C++20, the standard library simply couldn’t answer that question as it provided no support for timezones. C++20 changed that - and in doing so, it finally made suitable for serious, user-facing time handling. * ⚓ Mitchell Hashimoto ☛ Don't_Trip[wire]_Yourself:_Testing_Error_Recovery in_Zig⠀⇛ I've written a library called Tripwire1 for injecting failures into Zig programs for the express purpose of testing error handling paths. Outside of unit tests, it is completely optimized away and has zero runtime cost (space or time). * ⚓ J Kenneth King ☛ Least_Recently_Used_Cache⠀⇛ Today we’re going to implement a Least Recently Used Cache in C++23. This structure is basically a fixed-size mapping of keys to values where the least recently used, or oldest, keys are evicted from the cache when adding new keys. Fetching a value from the cache marks the key as most recently used as do successful insert operations. * ⚓ David Bushell ☛ Hmmarkdown_2⠀⇛ Everyone has an opinion on markdown but why stop there? Write your own parser, make those opinions reality! That’s what I did with Hmmarkdown — my HTML-aware markdown library. It has built my website content for the past year. Turns out parsing markdown (with HTML) isn’t easy. My original approach evolved into a game of whac-a-mole to quash edge case bugs. Last week I began a new parsing experiment I’d been mulling over. The idea proved workable and I finished the job. * ⚓ Daniel Stenberg ☛ libcurl_memory_use_some_years_later⠀⇛ One of the trickier things in software is gradual degradation. Development that happens in the wrong direction slowly over time which never triggers any alarms or upset users. Then one day you suddenly take a closer look at it and you realize that this area that used to be so fine several years ago no longer is. Memory use is one of those things. It is easy to gradually add more and larger allocations over time as we add features and make new cool architectural designs. * ⚓ Anthony Templeton ☛ I_Made_Zig_Compute_33_Million_Satellite_Positions in_3_Seconds._No_GPU_Required.⠀⇛ I've spent the past month optimizing SGP4 propagation and ended up with something interesting: astroz is now the fastest general purpose SGP4 implementation I'm aware of, hitting 11- 13M propagations per second in native Zig and ~7M/s through Python with just pip install astroz. This post breaks down how I got there. A note on "general purpose": heyoka.py can be faster for batch- processing many satellites simultaneously (16M/s vs 7.5M/s). But it's a general ODE integrator with SGP4 as a module, requiring LLVM for JIT compilation and a C++ dependency stack that conda-forge recommends over pip. For time batched propagation, many time points for one satellite, astroz is 2x faster (8.5M/s vs 3.8M/s). Full comparison below. I'm also skipping GPU accelerated SGP4 implementations. They can be faster for massive batch workloads, but require CUDA/OpenCL setup and aren't what I'd consider "general purpose." * ⚓ Aba Search and Replace ☛ On_coding_with_LLMs⠀⇛ An old book (Code Complete by Steve McConnell) says that writing and reviewing code takes around 30% of an average developer's time. The rest is spent in discussions, replying to emails, reading documentation, troubleshooting, learning, or even personal stuff. The data come from a 1964 research and the proportion certainly depends on the person and the company, but any developer can confirm that they are not working with source code 100% of their time. If we assume the 30% estimate is correct and you can speed up coding by 20%, you can only expect a 5% reduction in the project duration (see Amdahl's law). So the promises of creating a complete product in a weekend are unrealistic. Programming is hard. I spend hours debugging UI issues or checking the assembler output and this is my own project coded by hand, so I understand it quite well. If I were vibecoding, it would take more time to find the root cause. * § Shell/Bash/Zsh/Ksh⠀➾ o ⚓ [Old] InfoWorld ☛ ProxyJump_is_safer_than_SSH_agent_forwarding_| InfoWorld⠀⇛ To navigate through jump servers, we actually don’t need agent forwarding. A modern approach is to use ProxyJump or its command line equivalent -J. (Read more: “SSH configuration: ssh_config.”) o ⚓ [Old] Vincent Bernat ☛ Safer_SSH_agent_forwarding⠀⇛ As mentioned, a better alternative is to use the jump host feature: the SSH connection to the target host is tunneled through the SSH connection to the jump host. See the manual page and this blog post for more details. * § Rust⠀➾ o ⚓ Rust Blog ☛ The_Rust_Programming_Language_Blog:_crates.io: development_update⠀⇛ Time flies! Six months have passed since our last crates.io development update, so it's time for another one. Here's a summary of the most notable changes and improvements made to crates.io over the past six months. ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 2814 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Protecting_the_Birds_From_One_Pesky_Neighbour.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Protecting_the_Birds_From_One_Pesky_Neighbour.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Protecting the Birds From One Pesky Neighbour⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Jan 22, 2026 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Madagascar_green_pigeon⦈_ Neighbours are not something you choose, they are just something you have. For over a year now the neighbourhood has participated in feeding birds. We took the lead and others followed. Neighbours who are grumpy, however, don't like that. And they keep making complaints. So we (and we might assume some nearby neighbours too) received a letter this week. It is worded politely and I decided to reply to it. I want to engage, not to protest, and doing do in public can help other homes that want to foster nature and help biological diversity in the UK. So let's start with the letter that we and perhaps others have received: 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Pigeon_Feeding_(PR202601-1720952)⦈_ I responded within hours: A. I would like to start by correcting the subject line or the headline (letter heading is a reference that starts with PR, which makes it sound like Public Relations). B. What is at stake here is not "Pigeon Feeding"; we have spotted a variety of birds enjoying or feeding, ranging from very small to as large as pigeons. C. We estimate that as many as 10 species of birds come, some of them more often than others. Some can be considered "garden birds", which are technically just a made-up human taxonomy because nature lacks the concept of a "garden" and we cannot classify birds based on their self-centric desirability to humans rather than demonstrable biology/anatomy. D. This is not a new matter; We a) Write about it routinely; and b) Wrote about the subject nearly a dozen times in 3 Web sites this past summer, which is when we contacted Town Hall (or City Council) regarding meritless or even false claims about what was happening. E. We've already discussed it directly; we further sent about half a dozen E- mails and made telephone calls. This came to an end in September 2025. We have heard from nobody regarding this matter for 4 months, yet nothing has changed. F. In the past 4 months: a) We did not alter the feeding pattern; and b) It's crucial to point out that we don't feed more that the nearby birds can finish is about 60 seconds by scattering it mindfully, not recklessly pouring out seeds, so there won't be much left for any other animal to find, sans small birds that can scoop up small morsels like shells. G. We do not share with the birds the standard cheap seeds that ordinary shops sell but premium seeds, which take much diligence and physical effort to carry home and organise into glass jars. H. We are animal rights proponents (one might say activists) who support multiple animal charities - to the extent that is feasible to us. I. This activity by us isn't ours and isn't done for any personal gain; it is a product of love for nature. J. Several of our neighbours regularly feed the birds too. Some give them seed, some give them bread and various spare pastries. There is sharing and participation; there's even collective action of sorts. Believe it or not, many people do like birds and like their sound, presence, etc. Even our next-door neighbours feed them sometimes. K. We only know of one neighbouring home that dislikes the birds. Many tenants nearby have a negative opinion not of the birds but of these neighbours. L. We understand a compromise is needed here for all sides to be satisfied or mutually appeased. Would it be OK if we limit the feeding to once per day (at the same time)? That can encourage the bird to forages somewhere else. M. We sometimes feed birds in the nearby parks as well. We can do more of that. That would help us retain the sense of us fulfilling our obligation to wildlife. N. The birds have long been here, even before humans existed, and well before deforestation - with homes replacing their natural habitat. O. For the interest of the public and reasonable transparency (or scrutiny where necessary, of course while redacting or hiding identities of individuals or other sensitive information) I will engage on this matter publicly and do so amicably, constructively, and with the interest of all living creatures in mind. P. While it's hard to assess if this matter is precedential (full transparency would contribute towards this), no doubt the resolution here can form the basis for any future letters to the same effect, so recording the outcome and negotiation thereof is a matter of public interest. Let's see what they'll say next. █ =============================================================================== Image source: Madagascar_green_pigeon ⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠤⠄⠀⠀ ⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⢹⠁⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠉⠉⠉⠙⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠤⠌⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠋⠉⠓⢟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢠⡀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣤⣴⣾⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣁⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣤⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⡿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠟⠛⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠗⠓⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣅⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⡻⣿⠿⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠗⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣞⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⡿⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠋⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣤⣴⡾⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠟⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢟⣿⡿⠁⠀⢀⣤⣶⣾⣿⣻⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠀⠀⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣀⣤⣾⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡝⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣤⣀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⠿⠟⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣾⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣶⡄⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣔⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡶⣀⡀⠀⠀⠿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣠⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠳⠞⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣾⣧⣆⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠋⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯ ⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣋⣠⣤⣴⣰⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⡴⢤⡔⢀⣸⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣻⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿ ⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣗⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠙⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠉⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣷⡄⠀⠉⠉⠉⠉⣁⣠⣾⣾⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠀⠘⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢛⣿⡃⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⡀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⡿⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣻⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠛⠃⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣳⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⡶⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣏⡿⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣽⣽⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣽⣮⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣩⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣷⣄⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠉⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠛⡛⠽⠻⡚⢖⣶⣗⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠟⢿⡛⠿⣟⢿⣻⠻⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⡆⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢏⠁⣴⠗⡂⠂⠐⠚⠘⠃⠐⠘⠛⡩⢻⡯⠟⠁⢀⠐⠋⠑⠂⠀⠋⠉⠸⡣⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡉⠙⠛⠛⠛⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⣷⡷⠒⡶⢶⢶⢶⠶⡾⣖⢶⡾⣗⡶⠶⣼⣴⠶⢖⡶⣶⢲⡶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⡆⠀⠖⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣿⢇⢤⣀⣀⣠⣄⣄⣀⣸⣀⣀⡤⣤⢀⡠⣀⣀⣀⣨⢅⣀⣀⢼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣁⣉⣀⣨⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣏⣀⣁⣈⣉⣉⣉⣁⣁⡉⢙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣶⣷⣶⣾⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣳⣶⣧⣌⣽⣿⣿⣿⣾⣏⣬⣭⣭⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢰⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⠒⠒⠒⠲⣶⡖⡶⢲⠲⣖⠖⢲⣖⠶⠒⢲⠒⡒⡒⢒⢒⢶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣗⡒⣒⡻⡟⡲⡚⢻⠛⠲⣻⣧⣷⣷⣭⣴⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⡄⠀⠀ ⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢷⠶⡶⠶⡿⢷⢶⢿⠷⢿⠾⢶⣷⣷⣾⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀ ⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢷⣾⣿⣶⣿⢷⣶⣷⡶⣾⣾⣶⡾⢶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀ ⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠷⠷⢷⢲⠦⠖⡗⢺⠒⡾⡒⢳⠒⢖⠚⢲⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀ ⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀ ⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠖⠶⢼⡶⠷⠶⢾⣲⠺⣗⡾⠦⢾⢾⣾⣾⣶⣶⣾⣷⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠆⠀ ⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣉⣙⣏⣋⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀ ⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠒⠶⢶⠳⠦⠾⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣧⣭⣿⣭⣥⣿⣭⣹⣟⣝⣏⣙⣉⣽⣫⣏⣏⣉⣍⣝⣩⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣉⣙⣹⣉⣏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠤⠧⣷⣼⣧⣴⣬⣷⣽⣿⣿⣿⡛⢿⠿⡿⠻⠛⠛⢟⠛⠻⡟⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⠿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢿⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣶⣶⣿⣿⣶⣯⣾⣿⣽⣽⣴⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡅ ⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⠛⢿⢫⣻⠛⢻⠻⡛⡟⣿⡿⣿⡿⠿⠿⡟⡟⢻⠟⡿⡿⠿⠿⢻⢻⠛⠻⠿⢿⠛⠿⠻⠛⠟⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⠙⠆ ⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⠀⠀ ⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣙⣉⣹⣹⣛⣋⣛⣛⣛⣟⣛⡻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠯⠀⠀⠀ ⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢟⠿⣿⣿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠿⣿⢿⠿⡿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡿⠿⠿⢿⠿⡿⠿⢿⢿⡿⣿⠿⠿⡿⡿⠿⡿⠿⡿⠿⢿⠿⠿⡿⠿⠻⠿⠿⠟⢟⡟⣛⢻⣿⣿⡏⢃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣿⣿⡶⡶⣾⡿⡞⡞⡲⠿⣖⡷⣦⣾⡶⠿⠾⠶⡶⣶⡷⠶⠿⡿⣿⣿⡿⣿⡾⠶⠶⣿⠿⠷⠦⠼⠶⠿⢻⠶⠾⠾⢿⠶⠷⢶⠶⢢⡼⠶⠶⠾⠶⢲⠖⢲⠓⠛⢻⠓⠛⠛⢛⠟⠟⢉⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⢿⢿⠾⢲⠷⠿⢺⠻⠿⠾⠿⡾⣾⣾⣳⣶⡾⡶⠿⢷⠻⠲⢽⣷⣷⠿⠿⢻⣷⡶⡖⠿⠷⠲⢶⠲⣾⢾⡺⡶⢶⢳⠒⠗⢺⠞⠒⠚⡞⢖⡳⡛⣛⠚⠛⠛⠋⠛⡟⡋⠛⡏⠁⠈⣶⢾⠄⠀⠀⠀ ⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠷⠟⡗⣷⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣷⣿⣷⣿⣶⣿⣿⣷⣷⣶⣶⣿⣾⣾⣷⣶⣾⣾⣷⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠿⣶⢂⠀⠀⠀ ⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⢪⡷⠒⠄⠐⠀ ⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⡟⠛⠛⢻⠛⠙⠛⠛⢛⠛⣿⠿⠛⣻⠛⠛⠛⢻⢛⡟⣿⢟⠟⡛⠛⢟⢛⡟⠿⣟⢻⠛⠛⠛⡻⢻⡿⡻⣹⡋⢛⢛⡛⡫⢋⣯⣫⣏⣉⣉⣫⣉⡉⢉⣋⡭⣹⣉⣉⣉⣭⣈⣙⣀⠉⠉⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⣝⠛⢻⠛⡺⠗⢻⠟⠛⢻⠛⠛⠋⡟⡛⠻⡛⡛⣟⣋⣏⣙⣛⣙⣹⣯⣻⣏⣉⣩⡫⣏⢿⣉⣩⣫⣯⣽⣯⡉⢉⣉⣉⡩⣋⣍⣩⡉⢹⣙⠙⠉⠽⡉⡉⠉⢉⠩⠉⠛⢉⠉⠉⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠙⠙⠛⠛⠙⠙⢺⠛⠻⢛⠙⡙⢙⢹⣝⣝⣭⣭⣻⣟⣍⣉⣉⣉⣉⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡛⠏⠐⠋⠃⠀⡐⠈⡱⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠨⢏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠧⡾⡠⠁⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠙⢻⠛⠋⠋⠉⠙⠛⢻⠙⢻⢉⠛⢹⣿⣍⣫⣯⣋⣯⣍⣽⣩⣉⣉⣏⣁⣉⣙⣋⣹⣀⣉⣁⣇⣈⣉⣉⣹⣈⣏⣑⠀⢈⣝⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⡀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠙⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⡟⠛⠛⠏⢻⠙⢙⣯⢛⠉⠉⣉⡉⣉⣁⣈⣙⣙⣝⣽⣕⣊⣉⣉⢉⢩⡉⣈⣉⣉⣈⣉⣏⣉⣉⢈⢀⢀⡁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡛⠛⢙⠛⢛⠛⠛⠫⢿⡛⠋⠋⠉⠉⡋⠉⠉⢹⠉⢉⣏⡉⢩⣁⣉⣁⣏⣽⢉⡈⠉⢁⢁⣀⣁⣉⡉⡉⣁⣏⢉⣙⠙⠐⡁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢸⣿⣿⣟⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣿⡿⠣⡆⠀⠀⠼⣞⣷⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠋⠁⠀⠘⠬⣿⣻⣿⣿⣾⣾⣷⢿⢡⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢸⣿⣿⣿⡟⡟⠛⠛⡟⠋⡍⠙⠋⠙⠛⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠙⠉⠛⠈⠙⠉⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠈⠁⠁⡀⡉⡉⠉⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢸⣿⣿⣿⡟⠺⢺⠓⠛⠛⠋⠓⠛⡞⠈⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠘⠟⠋⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠒⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⡼⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 3046 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Red_Hat_and_CentOS_Leftovers.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Red_Hat_and_CentOS_Leftovers.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Red Hat and CentOS Leftovers⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Jan 22, 2026 * ⚓ Red Hat ☛ Troubleshooting_with_fault_tree_analysis_and_PIOSEE⠀⇛ This article explains two methods that I use frequently to troubleshoot both Red_Hat_OpenShift and middleware problems. * ⚓ CentOS ☛ CentOS_Board_Meeting_Recap,_January_2026⠀⇛ The recording of the January CentOS Board meeting is now available. View the recording Read the minutes The recording has timestamps so you can skip to the parts that interest you. * ⚓ Red Hat ☛ Selective_network_hosting_with_BGP_router_in_OpenShift⠀⇛ Red_Hat_OpenShift has become the application platform of choice for many customers who need to onboard applications on a daily basis. As demand increases, it is important to make sure the networks within OpenShift are reliable and easy to handle. OpenShift 4.19 and later supports Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) routing through Free Range Routing (FRR), a free open source internet routing protocol for Linux, UNIX, and other similar platforms. * ⚓ Red Hat ☛ Simplifying_transit_router_deployment_in_Open_Virtual Network⠀⇛ Today, Open Virtual Network (OVN) provides transit routers using standard logical routers with specific configuration. However, the introduction of the transit router (TR) component to the OVN Interconnect simplifies their deployment and configuration. * ⚓ Red Hat Official ☛ Unlocking_the_power_of_5G:_How_Red_Hat_OpenShift_and Oracle’s_5G_Core_Control_Plane_streamline_global_deployments⠀⇛ Unlike traditional monolithic networks of the past, 5G networks rely on microservices-based, cloud-native network functions (CNFs) that must work reliably across different vendors’ platforms, orchestration layers, and cloud infrastructures. This introduces different complexity in integration, testing, and compliance adherence with standards like 3GPP, particularly for service-based interfaces (SBIs) in the control plane. * ⚓ Red Hat Official ☛ Extend_and_enhance_your_Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux support:_A_guide_to_lifecycle_add-ons⠀⇛ This article provides a comprehensive comparison of the add-on subscriptions designed to extend the support lifecycle and enhance the security of your RHEL environments: Extended Update Support (EUS), Enhanced Extended Update Support (EEUS), Extended Life Cycle Support (ELS), and the Security Select Add- On. Understanding these distinctions between these options is crucial for effective long-term planning and maintenance. * ⚓ Red Hat Official ☛ 2025_was_a_year_of_transformative_customer_success with_Red_Hat_Ansible_Automation_Platform⠀⇛ In 2025, automation evolved from a tactical tool into the foundational architecture for organizations to scale, operate, and adapt. Customers adopted Ansible Automation Platform as a centralized automation control plane, integrating it with other platforms like Red Hat Enterprise Linux and Red Hat OpenShift to standardize operations, modernize infrastructure, and scale with confidence. * ⚓ Red Hat Official ☛ 2025_Red_Hat_Ansible_Automation_Platform:_A_year_in review⠀⇛ Red Hat was acquired by IBM in 2019, and in 2025 IBM announced its acquisition of HashiCorp. This made a powerful statement on the future of enterprise automation and hybrid cloud management. Together with HashiCorp's Terraform for Infrastructure-as-Code and Vault for secret management, and Ansible Automation Platform's configuration and deployment capabilities, modern enterprise IT organizations have a trusted, reliable end-to-end automation platform for the AI era. * ⚓ Red Hat Official ☛ 10_breakthrough_stories_to_help_you_turn_2026 ambitions_into_reality⠀⇛ Whether you are looking to migrate away from a legacy virtualization platform or simply want a unified control plane for both virtual machines (VMs) and containers, Red Hat OpenShift provides a centralized solution. This guide walks you through the foundational steps of using OpenShift Virtualization—from installing the necessary operators on bare metal to deploying your first VM. You’ll also learn how the migration toolkit for virtualization (MTV) can help you bring existing workloads from VMware or Red Hat OpenStack Services on OpenShift  into a modern, Kubernetes-native environment. By integrating VMs into your standard container workflows, you can manage all your services under a single, automated platform. ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 3174 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Richard_Stallman_to_Speak_on_Software_Freedom_and_AI_at_Georgia.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Richard_Stallman_to_Speak_on_Software_Freedom_and_AI_at_Georgia.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Richard Stallman to Speak on Software Freedom and AI at Georgia Tech⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Jan 22, 2026 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇His_First_U.S._College_Talk_Since_Ages⦈_ The free software movement has been around for over four decades now. It started as a response to proprietary software licenses that restricted people from understanding, modifying, or sharing the programs they ran on their computers. At the center of this movement is the Free Software Foundation (FSF), founded in 1985. It has been the organizational backbone for promoting software freedom, maintaining crucial free software licenses like the GPL, and supporting projects that respect user rights. Dr. Richard Stallman has been at the forefront of this movement from day one, along with countless other people who joined up to make their collective vision a reality. If you want to hear from him directly, he's speaking at Georgia Tech on January 23. Read_on ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⢛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⡛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⢛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⢛⣛⣛⣟⡛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢛⣩⡋⢻⠉⣉⠛⣿⣿⠛⢿⢉⡉⢉⢙⠉⡟⢋⣉⢻⣿⡋⡋⢉⡙⣿⠛⣿⣿⠉⣿⣿⡋⡻⢋⣻⣿⡏⢉⣏⠉⣿⠉⣉⠉⠋⡉⢉⠙⠉⣻⣏⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⠟⢻⠀⣉⠰⣿⠃⠂⠘⣾⡆⢸⣿⠀⣷⣌⡉⢻⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⠃⠃⠘⣿⠀⣿⣿⡆⠀⢾⣿⣿⣿⡀⠟⠀⠋⣰⣿⠀⣿⡇⢸⣿⠀⣉⣉⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣙⣡⣾⣀⣿⣆⣉⣸⣿⣇⣸⣅⣸⣿⣀⣧⣈⣡⣼⣿⣿⣇⣸⣇⣸⣿⣁⣩⣀⣉⣀⣄⣰⣄⣹⣿⣿⣷⣤⣷⣠⣿⣯⣀⣿⣇⣸⣿⣀⣿⣯⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⣉⣛⠻⡏⢙⡙⢻⣿⣿⣿⡏⢉⡉⢻⡏⢹⠟⣋⣉⢛⠉⣻⣟⠉⣿⡿⠙⣿⡏⢉⣉⠻⡏⢉⣉⠙⢿⣿⡟⢉⣉⠛⢉⠉⡉⣿⠏⢻⣿⡋⢻⣿⡏⢙⣿⣿⠉⢻⣿⠋⢹⣿⠏⢻⣿⠋⠻⣿⡋⣻⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⠀⡇⢨⡁⢾⣿⣿⣿⡧⢈⡁⢾⡇⢸⠀⣿⣿⣿⠀⣭⣭⠀⡿⠁⠃⠘⡿⢈⡁⢰⡇⢸⣿⡇⢸⣿⡷⣤⡉⢻⣿⠀⣿⠏⠐⠀⢻⡇⢼⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⠀⠈⠏⡀⢸⠏⠘⠀⢻⡀⣢⠘⠅⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣀⣉⣥⣼⣇⣼⣷⣨⣏⣿⣿⣧⣨⣷⣈⣅⣸⣦⣌⣉⣬⣀⣿⣯⣀⣅⣸⣿⣄⣍⣨⣿⣄⣅⣈⣩⣤⣾⣿⣧⣈⣡⣼⣯⣀⣯⣀⣿⣧⣈⣁⣈⣁⣄⣀⣉⣠⣠⣧⣼⣅⣨⣀⣿⣧⣀⣀⣽⣷⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⢭⣍⣭⣩⣍⣭⣭⣭⢍⣩⣍⣩⣭⣉⣉⣭⣩⣉⣩⣭⣩⣭⣩⣭⣩⣍⣭⣭⢭⣉⣭⢭⣭⣉⣭⣭⣭⡙⣩⣭⣭⣍⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣩⣭⣩⣭⣭⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠄⢀⠈⡉⠉⠉⠉⢡⠀⠿⠐⠀⠉⠉⡉⠉⣿⠀⠀⠉⠉⠀⠀⢍⠉⠉⡉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢹⠟⠀⠻⠉⠉⠉⠀⣿⠀⠆⠀⠉⠉⠉⣽⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣶⣷⣾⣷⣶⣾⣶⣶⣾⣶⣾⣶⣷⣶⣿⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣷⣾⣾⣾⣷⣶⣶⣿⣶⣿⣷⣷⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣿⣶⣶⣷⣶⣶⣾⣿⣶⣿⣶⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⢡⠉⠛⠛⡛⢛⡟⠛⠉⠛⠋⠛⠛⠁⠟⠉⣿⠟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠋⠙⠛⠛⠛⠋⣻⡟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⢻⠟⠃⠉⠙⠛⠉⠉⠙⠛⠃⢹⡏⠙⠛⠛⠙⠛⠛⠛⠋⠉⠙⠋⠛⠛⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣴⣦⣤⣦⣼⣷⣤⣦⣦⣤⣦⣤⣦⣤⣤⣿⣤⣤⣀⣠⣤⣤⣤⣬⣤⣤⣤⣼⣧⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣌⣠⣿⣦⣤⣤⣄⣀⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣧⣤⣤⣄⣠⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢻⣿⠿⠿⢿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⠿⠟⢻⡿⠟⠿⡿⠿⣿⢛⣝⡏⠻⡛⠛⡟⣻⡏⠙⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣙⣟⣰⣈⣆⣀⣀⣃⣛⣄⣾⣧⣘⣄⣸⣇⣃⣇⣀⣢⣿⣌⣋⣄⣷⣈⣌⣃⣾⣇⣶⣀⣇⣣⡀⣀⣠⣘⣃⣺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⡿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠈⡌⣇⢫⠉⡌⢠⠈⠀⠩⠌⠁⣿⡍⡇⠁⣿⡀⠿⠏⠤⠁⢥⢡⠉⠀⠈⠈⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣾⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠹⠹⢭⢻⢛⠛⢛⠻⠛⠛⢛⣿⢿⡟⢁⣿⢛⠙⠻⢛⢻⡟⢩⡦⠟⡛⠛⠟⡛⠛⠛⣿⠉⠏⠙⡛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⢻⣿⠏⠹⠻⢻⠛⠛⠛⠛⢛⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣦⣾⣬⣼⣤⣼⣤⣬⣭⣼⣿⣮⣵⣬⣿⣤⣼⣤⣬⣽⣿⣬⣵⣦⣧⣤⣦⣭⣤⣽⣿⣤⣧⣤⣥⣄⣨⣆⣡⣶⣬⣦⣽⣯⣼⣤⣦⣦⣦⣤⣤⣶⣤⣬⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⢟⣻⠛⣿⠟⣿⠟⣻⣿⣿⠟⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢛⢻⣿⣿⡿⢿⡿⣿⢿⣿⣿⢿⣿⡟⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡿⡿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⣤⢁⡘⠿⢃⣈⡀⣿⡒⢈⡐⢆⠀⣐⡌⡈⣃⠀⠁⢰⠠⢼⣟⠆⣠⢀⠆⠀⠀⠀⡆⡆⠀⠠⢨⡟⢡⡀⡀⡈⣆⠀⠀⣠⠰⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢘⡃⢸⠛⠋⣉⠻⠛⠛⡋⡉⣁⢸⡇⣾⡇⢉⢙⢉⠛⠛⢉⠋⢉⠙⠉⢉⠙⢻⣿⠁⠸⠈⢹⠙⢉⢉⢙⢉⠙⢙⠙⠋⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣷⣶⣶⣶⣿⣶⣷⣶⣷⣷⣦⣾⣿⣾⣾⣾⣶⣾⣷⣷⣦⣧⣾⣶⣶⣶⣷⣾⣷⣾⣶⣶⣶⣴⣾⣶⣶⣼⣶⣶⣶⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢻⡟⣿⡋⡋⢿⠙⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⢿⡏⠹⣹⠿⠿⣿⠿⣿⠿⠿⢿⣿⡟⣫⣙⠉⡍⠋⢉⢹⣿⣿⢹⡿⢻⠿⣹⡹⢛⣍⠛⣽⡛⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣙⣠⣿⣷⣤⣀⣇⣰⣘⣤⣠⣘⣾⣇⣐⣃⣐⣰⣀⣀⣀⣙⣀⣘⣻⣆⣙⣠⣀⣃⣄⣘⣀⣻⣧⣘⣠⣿⣆⣛⣠⣈⣛⣄⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣯⣿⣭⣿⣽⣯⣽⣯⣽⣿⣯⣯⣭⣭⣿⣽⣯⣽⡽⠿⠛⠉⠉⠽⠯⠭⢽⣭⣽⣭⣭⣽⣭⣭⣭⣯⣭⣯⣽⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣝⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠉⠀⠀⠀⣠⣶⣷⣷⣶⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⠿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠛⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢹⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢨⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⡄⠀⢶⠆⠀⠹⠿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣶⣶⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠴⠷⠊⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⢣⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣧⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣾⣤⣤⣤⣼⣧⣤⣤⣼⣤⣤⣤⣤⣧⣼⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣦⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⡿⠛⠻⠟⢻⢿⠟⠛⠟⠟⠻⠿⠟⠿⠟⡿⠛⢻⠛⠿⠛⠟⠟⠛⠛⢿⠟⠛⠟⠛⠿⠿⠿⠻⠻⡿⠟⠿⠛⠻⠻⠟⡟⠻⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠶⠾⠶⡶⢶⡶⢶⠷⠷⡶⠶⠶⢶⠶⠿⠶⠿⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠾⠶⠶⠶⠶⠾⠷⠷⠶⠾⠷⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠿⠷⠾⠷⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢉⠉⠿⣉⠏⡍⣿⣙⠉⣿⣍⣽⡏⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢉⢹⡍⠏⡏⣿⣿⠉⠉⠉⢉⡉⠉⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢉⡉⡏⠉⣿⢉⡍⠉⣹⡏⠉⠉⠉⠉⢹⠏⡉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠷⡶⠶⠶⠶⠶⣶⣶⣶⡶⠶⠶⠶⢶⠶⣶⣶⠶⠶⢶⠶⣶⢶⣶⣶⣶⡶⢶⣶⠶⢶⣶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⢶⠶⢶⠶⣶⣶⠶⢶⢶⠶⠶⢶⣶⠶⠶⠶⣶⢶⠶⠶⠶⡶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣿⣿⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⢶⣿⣶⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣶⣶⣶⡶⣶⣾⣷⣾⠿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣾⣶⣶⣾⣿⣶⣶⣶⣿⣾⣶⣶⣶⣿⣶⣾⣷⣶⣾⣿⣾⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣀⣈⢀⡛⠀⢀⡁⣀⡀⠀⢙⠀⠀⣀⣀⡀⣀⣀⣀⣛⣀⣀⡀⡀⢀⣀⡀⡀⣀⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 3270 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Security_Issue_Found_in_telnetd_Patches_Put_Forth_Already.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Security_Issue_Found_in_telnetd_Patches_Put_Forth_Already.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Security Issue Found in telnetd, Patches Put Forth Already⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Jan 22, 2026, updated Jan 23, 2026 * ⚓ LWN ☛ GNU_InetUtils_Security_Advisory:_remote_authentication_by-pass_in telnetd⠀⇛ The telnetd server invokes /usr/bin/login (normally running as root) passing the value of the USER environment variable received from the client as the last parameter. If the client supply a carefully crafted USER environment value being the string "-f root", and passes the telnet(1) -a or --login parameter to send this USER environment to the server, the client will be automatically logged in as root bypassing normal authentication processes. This happens because the telnetd server do not sanitize the USER environment variable before passing it on to login(1), and login(1) uses the -f parameter to by-pass normal authentication. Severity: High Vulnerable versions: GNU InetUtils since version 1.9.3 up to and including version 2.7. [...] We chose to sanitize all variables for expansion. The following two patches are what we suggest: [...] * ⚓ LWN ☛ Remote_authentication_bypass_in_telnetd⠀⇛ One would assume that most LWN readers stopped running network- accessible telnet services some number of decades ago. For the rest of you, this security advisory from Simon Josefsson is worthy of note: [...] The Register MS: * ⚓ Ancient_telnet_bug_happily_hands_out_root_to_attackers⠀⇛ A recently disclosed critical vulnerability in the GNU InetUtils telnet daemon (telnetd) is "trivial" to exploit, experts say. The bug, which had gone unnoticed for nearly 11 years, was disclosed on January 20 and is tracked as CVE-2026-24061 (9.8). It was introduced in a May 2015 update, and if you're one of the few to still be running telnetd, patch up, because attacks are already underway. GreyNoise data shows that in the past 24 hours, 15 unique IPs were trying to execute a remote authentication bypass attack by using the vulnerability. The security advisory explains that the bug allows attackers to easily gain root access to a target system. ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 3372 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Security_Leftovers_and_Vuln_Tracking.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Security_Leftovers_and_Vuln_Tracking.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Security Leftovers and Vuln Tracking⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Jan 22, 2026 * ⚓ LWN ☛ Security_updates_for_Wednesday⠀⇛ Security updates have been issued by AlmaLinux (brotli and container-tools:rhel8), Debian (python-keystonemiddleware and python3.9), Fedora (cef, freerdp, golang-github-tetratelabs- wazero, and libpcap), Oracle (brotli, gpsd, kernel, and transfig), Red Hat (freerdp, golang, java-11-openjdk with Extended Lifecycle Support, libpng, libssh, mingw-libpng, and runc), SUSE (abseil-cpp, alloy, apache2, bind, cpp-httplib, curl, erlang, firefox, gpg2, grafana, haproxy, hauler, hawk2, libblkid-devel, libpng16, libraylib550, python- keystonemiddleware-doc, python-uv, python-weasyprint, squid, and tomcat), and Ubuntu (crawl and iperf3). * ⚓ Scoop News Group ☛ Lawmakers_probe_CISA_leader_over_staffing decisions⠀⇛ The House Homeland Security Committee grilled Madhu Gottumukkala, the acting director of the agency, over cutbacks both broad and specific. * ⚓ Scoop News Group ☛ GCVE_launches_as_a_decentralized_system_for_tracking software_vulnerabilities⠀⇛ The new system emerges after repeated funding crises exposed the fragility of the 25-year-old CVE program that cybersecurity defenders worldwide depend on. ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 3423 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Slimbook_One_is_a_Linux_mini_PC_with_up_to_AMD_Ryzen_AI_9_HX_37.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Slimbook_One_is_a_Linux_mini_PC_with_up_to_AMD_Ryzen_AI_9_HX_37.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Slimbook One is a Linux mini PC with up to AMD Ryzen AI 9 HX 370⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Rianne Schestowitz on Jan 22, 2026, updated Jan 22, 2026 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Slimbook_OS⦈_ Quoting: Slimbook One is a Linux mini PC with up to AMD Ryzen AI 9 HX 370 - Liliputing — The Slimbook One is a small desktop computer with support for up to 128GB of RAM, up to 16TB of SSD storage, and a choice of AMD Ryzen 7 H 255 Hawk Point or Ryzen AI 9 HX 370 Strix Point processor options. But what really makes this mini PC unusual is that, like most products from Spanish PC maker Slimbook, customer can choose the memory storage, and wireless configurations… and also the operating system. Slimbook will pre-load a GNU/Linux distribution such as Ubuntu, Debian, Fedora, or Linux Mint for free... Read_on Also see: * ⚓ Slimbook_Executive_Laptop_Launches_with_Intel_Core_Ultra_Upgradable_RAM and_Linux_OS_Flexibility⠀⇛ Slimbook has launched a new version of its Executive laptop, which features a 14-inch display and combines an Intel Core Ultra APU with a lightweight design and a high-resolution screen. The device allows users to replace its components and it comes with certified compatibility for multiple Linux distribution systems. ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣽⠇⢂⠀⠀⠀⣯⣽⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠛⠛⠛⠛⠉⠉⠉⠑⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⡟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠉⠙⢉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⠉⠉⠉⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⡇⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣛⣛⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⡄⣀⢀⣠⣠⣀⣀⣀⣤⣤⣤⣼⣿⣿⡇⡻⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⢽⠟⠍⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣷⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠄⠂⠉⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⠖⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⠟⠟⢆⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢟⣇⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠉⠙⠛⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⡿⠁⠀⠀⠈⡄⠀⠀⢠⣤⠤⠤⣤⠤⢄⠀⠀⣭⣿⣭⣭⠭⣁⣠⣤⣤⣤⣶⡂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠯⢛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡃⢀⠞⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⣀⣴⣿⣿⡿⣡⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⢯⡜⠃⠚⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣎⣀⣀⣴⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣋⠉⠋⠀⠔⢺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⢸⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢨⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡍⠀⠀⠀⣠⣴⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠀⢠⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢐⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠆⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣏⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣏⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⣷⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣀⡘⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠸⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠽⠿⠿⠿ ⣶⣶⣶⣶⡾⠿⠿⠟⠛⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣾⣷⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣀⣈⣛⣛⣿⣇⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣍⣏⣹⣽⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠛⠛⠛⠋⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⢏⣁⣀⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣦⣙⠻⠿⠿⠿⠟⢷⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠉⠁⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠛⠙⠛⠓⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠓⠚⠛⠓⠒⠒⠒⠒⠛⠛⠛⠛⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 3496 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Snap_Store_Neglect.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Snap_Store_Neglect.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Snap Store Neglect⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Jan 22, 2026 * ⚓ SlowMist_Identifies_‘Future_Attack’_in_Linux_Store⠀⇛ In a novel attack, cybercriminals exploit trust in the official Snap Store on Linux to steal seed phrases from cryptocurrency wallets. This was reported by SlowMist’s head of information security, known as 23pds. * ⚓ Cryptonews ☛ Hackers_Hijack_Snap_Store_Accounts_to_Push_Crypto-Stealing Malware_on_Linux⠀⇛ Rather than creating fresh accounts on the Snap Store, which is operated by Canonical, attackers are now taking over existing publisher accounts, according to a warning from Ubuntu contributor and former Canonical developer Alan Pope. The method relies on identifying expired web domains and email addresses linked to long-standing Snap Store developers, registering those domains, and then using the recovered access to hijack Snapcraft accounts. * ⚓ Help Net Security ☛ Linux_users_targeted_by_crypto_thieves_via_hijacked apps_on_Snap_Store⠀⇛ Instead of creating new accounts on this Canonical-run package repository, the attackers are taking over expired web domains and associated email servers tied to existing Snap Store publishers, and using that access to hijack their Snapcraft accounts and push malicious updates to previously benign packages. [...] He advised users to be especially careful with cryptocurrency wallet snaps and consider obtaining such applications directly from official project sites rather than through any app store. Pope also created SnapScope, a web app that users can leverage to check whether a snap is vulnerable, suspicious or malicious before they start using them. Finally, he advised snap publishers to keep their domain registration current and enable two-factor authentication (2FA) for their email and Snapcraft accounts. Hel Net Security has reached out to Canonical to ask whether they mean to implement additional safeguards around domain ownership and account recovery and additional checks to spot malicious updates to already published snaps. We’ll update this article when we have more information to share. ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 3575 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Today_in_Techrights.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Today_in_Techrights.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Today in Techrights⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Jan 22, 2026 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Hardanger_Fjord,_Norway⦈_ ⚓ Updated This Past Day⠀⇛ 1. ⚓ Richard_Stallman's_Talk_at_Georgia_Tech_is_Just_2_Days_Away⠀⇛ We're still curious to see how malicious people (or trolls) in social control media will try to slant his talk as "bad" 2. ⚓ The_"Alicante_Mafia"_-_Part_VII_-_The_Industrial_Actions_Began Yesterday,_Here's_Why⠀⇛ The "Alicante Mafia" might not last much longer ⚓ New⠀⇛ 3. ⚓ Links_21/01/2026:_"Snap_Settles_Lawsuit_on_Social_Media_Addiction"_and Attempts_in_the_US_to_Revive_Software_Patents⠀⇛ Links for the day 4. ⚓ Links_21/01/2026:_Microsoft_'Open'_'Hey_Hi'_in_More_Trouble,_US_Has "Brown_Shirts"_Problem⠀⇛ Links for the day 5. ⚓ Yesterday_Afternoon_The_Register_MS_Published_Paid_Microsoft_SPAM Disguised_as_an_Article_About_"AI_PCs"⠀⇛ The Register MS cannot help itself, can it? [...] Follow the money. 6. ⚓ Microsoft's_XBox_is_in_Effect_Dead_Already,_Now_It's_a_Streaming_and Advertising_Platform⠀⇛ Expect many layoffs soon 7. ⚓ EPO's_Web_Site_Misused_for_Propaganda_About_Illegal_Kangaroo_Courts_to Distract_From_EPO_Scandals_and_Judicial_Crisis_in_Europe⠀⇛ UPC is illegal and unconstitutional 8. ⚓ Gemini_Links_21/01/2026:_Edible_Circuits_and_"Sayonara_HTTP"⠀⇛ Links for the day 9. ⚓ Over_at_Tux_Machines...⠀⇛ GNU/Linux news for the past day 10. ⚓ IRC_Proceedings:_Tuesday,_January_20,_2026⠀⇛ IRC logs for Tuesday, January 20, 2026 11. ⚓ IBM_Hides_Its_Own_Destruction_(and_Red_Hat's)⠀⇛ It's like scenes out of '1984', which is what a now-famous advertisement from Apple compared IBM to ========================================================================= The corresponding text-only bulletin for Wednesday contains all the text. Top-read articles (excluding bot/crawler visits): Span from 2026-01-15 to 2026-01-21 3357 /about.shtml 1869 /index.shtml 1155 /irc.shtml 1149 /n/2026/01/14/ Canonical_Make_Ubuntu_Bloated_Debian_With_Snaps_Then_Sell_the_D.shtml 1143 /n/2026/01/19/ Claim_That_the_Board_of_Directors_at_IBM_Isn_t_Happy_With_How_t.shtml 925 /browse/latest.shtml 917 /n/2026/01/15/ Proton_Mail_compromise_Hannah_Natanson_Washington_Post_police_r.shtml 915 /n/2026/01/18/Slop_Bubble_Is_Worse_Than_The_Dot_Com_Bubble.shtml 885 /n/2026/01/16/ Recent_Layoffs_at_Red_Hat_2026_the_Year_of_Ultimate_Bluewashing.shtml 881 /n/2026/01/14/ The_Last_Dilberts_or_Some_of_the_Last_Salvaged_Comic_Strips_Whi.shtml 860 /n/2026/01/16/ At_Microsoft_Firing_People_is_a_Cheat_Code_to_Pump_the_Stock_Sh.shtml 819 /n/2025/03/24/ Days_Ago_yewtu_be_Found_a_Workaround_That_Made_Invidious_Work_A.shtml 794 /n/2026/01/18/3_IRC_Proceedings_Saturday_January_17_2026.shtml 777 /n/2026/01/16/ The_Alicante_Mafia_Part_I_An_Introduction_to_the_Mafia_Governin.shtml 747 /n/2026/01/19/Over_at_Tux_Machines.shtml 734 /n/2026/01/17/ Accounts_or_Devices_e_g_Phones_That_Get_Burnt_Have_Many_Pitfall.shtml 723 /n/2026/01/19/IRC_Proceedings_Sunday_January_18_2026.shtml 707 /n/2026/01/15/Linuxiac_May_Have_Reverted_Back_to_LLM_Slop.shtml 692 /n/2026/01/18/Cancel_Culture_Doesn_t_Work_in_the_Long_Run.shtml 680 /n/2026/01/16/ Stack_ed_Rankings_and_Ongoing_Layoffs_at_Red_Hat_and_IBM_Failur.shtml 675 /n/2026/01/19/ More_Confirmatory_Rumours_Regarding_Massive_Red_Hat_Layoffs.shtml 671 /n/2026/01/17/EPO_Abuses_Covered_in_Spanish.shtml 665 /n/2026/01/19/ If_You_Don_t_Want_Linux_to_Become_Windows_Then_Follow_GNU.shtml 657 /n/2026/01/15/ Links_15_01_2026_Internet_Blackouts_Jackboots_Society_in_US.shtml 650 /n/2026/01/17/ The_Alicante_Mafia_Part_III_Europe_s_Second_Largest_Organisatio.shtml 641 /n/2025/05/24/Free_Software_as_a_Culture_of_Resistance.shtml 641 /n/2026/01/15/ Red_Hat_IBM_is_Driving_Away_Remaining_Fedora_Users.shtml 640 /n/2026/01/16/ Team_Campinos_Talks_About_SAP_Days_Before_EPO_Industrial_Action.shtml 638 /n/2026/01/16/ J_H_M_Ray_Dassen_Debian_Red_Hat_GNOME_unexplained_deaths.shtml 636 /n/2026/01/17/ Stack_Ranking_Against_IBM_Red_Hat_Staff_and_a_Signal_of_Mass_La.shtml 632 /n/2026/01/15/Coming_Soon_Impact_With_EPO_Cocainegate.shtml 616 /n/2026/01/16/Naming_Culprits_in_Switzerland.shtml 613 /n/2026/01/16/ Gemini_Links_16_01_2026_Porting_My_Main_Website_Over_to_Gemini_.shtml 612 /n/2026/01/17/ Microsoft_Lunduke_Keeps_Distracting_From_the_Real_Problems_With.shtml 611 /n/2026/01/15/ GAFAM_is_a_National_and_International_Threat_to_Everybody.shtml 609 /n/2026/01/16/ IBM_s_Scientific_Sounding_Tech_Porn_Won_t_Help_IBM_Survive_or_B.shtml 607 /n/2026/01/18/IBM_Sued_Over_PIPs.shtml 605 /n/2026/01/15/ The_Creator_of_Git_Probably_Doesn_t_Know_How_to_Install_and_Dep.shtml 605 /n/2026/01/15/ EPO_People_Power_Part_XXXVI_In_Conclusion_and_Taking_Things_Up_.shtml 598 /n/2024/10/03/ Invidious_Seems_to_be_Nearing_End_of_Life_After_Repeated_Crackd.shtml 597 /n/2026/01/18/ FOSDEM_2026_democracy_panel_GNOME_Sonny_Piers_modern_slavery_ex.shtml 592 /n/2026/01/16/ The_Alicante_Mafia_Part_II_Breakout_of_Discontent_This_Winter_i.shtml 589 /n/2026/01/18/ Place_Your_Bets_Who_Will_Die_First_Microsoft_or_IBM.shtml 585 /n/2026/01/15/ Don_t_Cry_for_Gaslighting_Media_in_a_Country_Which_Loathes_the_.shtml 583 /n/2026/01/18/ GNU_Linux_Still_up_statCounter_Says_to_6_in_Bosnia_And_Herzegov.shtml 580 /n/2026/01/15/GAFAM_and_IBM_Layoffs_Outline.shtml 579 /n/2026/01/15/Slop_is_a_Liability.shtml 575 /n/2026/01/18/ The_Alicante_Mafia_Part_IV_How_Europe_s_Largest_Patent_Office_R.shtml 573 /n/2026/01/20/IRC_Proceedings_Monday_January_19_2026.shtml 573 /n/2026/01/15/Over_at_Tux_Machines.shtml 572 /n/2026/01/18/ Gemini_Links_18_01_2026_Raising_Notifications_From_Terminal_and.shtml 569 /n/2026/01/17/ Report_Benchmark_Says_Vibe_Coding_Results_in_Security_Holes.shtml 568 /n/2026/01/18/Restoring_Professional_Pride_in_the_Tech_Sector.shtml 564 /n/2026/01/16/Writing_About_Corruption.shtml 564 /n/2026/01/17/ Avoiding_the_Spooks_Nobody_Watches_the_Watchers_They_re_Practic.shtml 559 /n/2026/01/18/ Links_18_01_2026_South_Africa_is_Running_Out_of_Software_Develo.shtml 559 /n/2026/01/16/ Free_Software_Foundation_FSF_Back_to_Advertising_the_Talks_of_R.shtml 558 /n/2026/01/19/ This_is_What_the_Slop_Bubble_Popping_Can_Look_Like.shtml 556 /n/2026/01/16/Over_at_Tux_Machines.shtml 552 /n/2026/01/17/ Record_Traffic_in_Geminispace_or_Over_Gemini_Protocol.shtml 550 /n/2026/01/18/ Behind_an_Economy_of_Fake_Worths_and_Fictional_Valuations_or_Ma.shtml 546 /n/2026/01/17/Over_at_Tux_Machines.shtml 546 /n/2026/01/20/ IBM_Plans_for_Layoffs_Becoming_Clearer_With_Employee_Reviews.shtml ⠀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⡀⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⡃⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠛⠫⠽⣿⣿⣛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡓⢾⠷⣄⢠⠀⢠⣶⣾⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡅⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣹⡾⣶⣿⣾⣣⣈⠐⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⡃⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀ ⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡻⢿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀ ⠀⠑⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣥⣼⣿⣦⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⠀⣿⣿⣿⡿⢤⣌⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⠀⢿⣿⢿⡧⢬⡋⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⠀⣸⣿⠛⡗⣛⣡⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⢽⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⠀⠍⢻⣾⣿⢿⣿⡇⠈⢈⠟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⠀⠀⢿⡍⣬⡞⢻⣧⠀⣴⡾⠹⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢏⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠻⠇⠀ ⠀⠀⠈⠀⠤⠉⠀⡌⣀⣧⠀⠀⡘⡫⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣅⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣾⣿⣿⡟⠛⠉⠐⣀⢤⡶⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣧⣔⣿⡿⠭⢜⠡⡔⢄⣈⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⢿⣿⠿⢛⠭⠉⢉⣲⣫⣾⣿⣿⠟⠉⢁⠀⠀⣠⣌⢕⡊⠄⠀ ⠀⠠⠄⠖⠀⠀⠈⠿⠿⢷⣼⣿⠶⠿⢟⠃⠁⠘⠛⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣴⣿⣿⡿⠏⠉⠁⠀⠀⡀⠠⢂⣭⣶⣿⠧⠀⠀ ⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠈⠠⢯⠯⠉⠂⠀⠈⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠋⢁⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣾⣿⠿⠟⠁⠀⠀⡀⠀⠐⢈⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣯⣄⣀⠀ ⠀⠈⠀⠀⠃⠀⠘⠐⠀⠘⠓⠀⠀⠀⣥⣄⠰⠄⠀⠒⠦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⢉⣠⠚⠀⢀⠒⣀⠾⠻⠟⠋⠁⠀⠀⣀⣀⡄⢀⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣻⣿⣮⠀ ⠀⢀⡶⣴⡤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠄⡀⢀⠀⢐⡀⠂⢀⠀⠀⠔⠚⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠙⠁⣁⣤⡦⢇⡨⠶⠀⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠀⢙⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀ ⠀⢠⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠶⢦⡀⢊⣀⢩⡙⢙⠗⠀⣰⣄⣐⡀⠀⠹⢿⣿⣿⠿⣿⡿⠿⣋⠉⠁⠀⠀⠘⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡈⠀⣼⣿⢿⣿⠟⣿⣿⠿⣿⠻⠇⠀ ⠀⠸⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⡄⢸⣀⡾⣿⣾⠦⣯⣭⡰⣝⡛⠁⣀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣾⣏⠁⠀⠀⢠⣤⣿⣿⡴⠖⠐⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠈⠉⠀⠐⠗⠊⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠤⡟⠠⣶⣶⣶⡾⢿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣁⣸⡿⠿⠉⣛⣧⣤⣿⠇⣤⡘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢭⣂⠐⣶⣷⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠒⠄⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⡀⢀⣀⠀⠀ ⠀⠘⠸⠇⢨⠅⡙⠋⡘⢻⡿⠿⣿⣹⣿⠿⣷⣿⣾⡷⣾⣶⣤⣿⢁⠓⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⡟⠶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠆⠠⠀⠀⠀⠘⠋⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠦⠀⠀⢠⣰⠀⠀⢠⣈⣡⠰⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢈⢀⣀⠾⢿⣃⠟⠉⢉⣩⣷⢯⣿⣿⣿⠛⢽⠟⣋⣽⣦⢢⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠃⠈⠁⠀⡟⢩⡅⠀⠀⠀⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣄⣀⠈⠉⠀⠀⣠⣼⠝⣧⠀ ⠀⠐⡐⣦⣴⣏⡟⠅⠀⠼⠏⡤⠆⠈⠛⠘⠟⠋⠉⡡⠀⠀⠈⣽⣿⣿⡿⠖⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⡿⡷⠞⢷⣾⡷⣿⡃⠀⠀⠀⠰⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠒⢀⡐⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⡤⡀⠀⠉⣽⣄⠴⠀⣸⠃⣽⠾⠉⠀ ⠀⢠⠷⣼⢯⣬⢽⣳⣴⠖⡆⢶⠿⢃⣐⣎⡠⠾⢧⠴⣤⣦⣤⢶⣯⡄⢄⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⠿⠁⠆⣾⡟⣙⣹⠌⠋⠛⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠠⠀⠀⢸⡧⣶⡁⠀⠀⢸⠇⢠⠴⠏⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠚⣠⣰⣿⣿⠿⣽⡇⢸⣿⣷⢾⢉⡃⠀⠈⠀⠣⠄⡉⣉⣡⠉⠉⠀⠈⢸⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⡇⠁⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠆⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠳⠃⠈⢠⡀⡭⢀⡀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⢘⠐⡉⢻⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢶⣿⣫⢡⣄⠀⠐⣶⠃⣁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⠀⠀⣰⣿⣋⠇⠀⠀⠀⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠁⠀⠰⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣠⣬⣶⣏⢝⣿⡿⢿⣻⡟⢻⣟⣺⣿⡻⣿⢷⣤⣄⠉⠀⠈⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡟⢀⣸⣿⣿⡿⢆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠒⠃⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⣟⡡⢠⠿⢿⠤⣦⠛⠉⠀⠙⠏⠀⣭⣿⣡⠄⠉⠻⣄⢁⡀⠀⡀⠀⠄⠀⠀⢐⣽⢿⣿⠛⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⡄⠀⠈⠉⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠘⠛⠙⣾⣷⣦⣲⠼⠗⠈⣦⢀⡀⣤⠾⠃⠤⠤⡀⠂⣍⣠⠀⠈⢀⣄⠀⠁⣦⡀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣶⣶⣆⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⢸⠶⢠⣾⠿⡻⠛⣓⣰⣥⣯⠀⠉⠛⠸⠒⠀⠚⢓⣦⣖⡋⠃⠀⠋⠋⡐⣶⣻⣧⠀⠲⣛⡿⢽⢿⣿⠰⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⢲⣔⡆⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠘⠋⠛⠙⠟⠧⠤⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⢿⠿⠃⠀⠀⢀⣰⡟⡗⢻⣶⡶⣿⡿⠞⣤⠤⠠⠠⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⠀⠃⠓⠁⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠰⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠘⠀⠰⣶⣶⡄⣀⣼⣤⣴⣏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⠼⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣢⡌⠰⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⣀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢁⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠘⠛⠓⠃⠀⠉⢩⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⡉⠉⠙⠛⠛⠙⠋⠋⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⡄⢀⠀⣐⠀⢀⣈⣉⣉⣌⣽⣷⣿⣄⣀⣀⣀⣀⣠⣀⣀⣀⣀⣠⣤⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣤⣤⣦⣤⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣖⣒⠒⣖⠒⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⢲⣶⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣾⣶⣷⣶⣾⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⠀ ⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣛⡛⢛⣛⡛⠛⠀ ⠀⢘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⠿⠿⠀ ⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣟⠛⠻⢟⠋⠙⠟⠛⠉⠉⠉⠉⠙⠉⠁⠙⠉⠉⠙⠛⠛⠙⠈⠉⠀⠀⠉⠀⠉⠀ ⠀⠀⠛⠻⠿⠿⣟⡿⠟⠛⠿⠿⢿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣯⣿⡟⠟⠈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠴⠀⠀⠐⠀⠤⠙⠉⠀⢠⣀⣀⢹⠿⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠷⠿⣉⣁⠀⠠⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠄⠁⣘⣣⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣋⣹⣁⡈⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠒⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠋⠉⢉⡉⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠔⠠⣮⠅⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠤⠤⠔⠂⣦⣭⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣗⡒⠂⠀⢠⠤⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠐⠒⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⣉⣀⠀⢠⣄⣨⣵⢶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠀⢒⢀⣠⡄⠀⠔⠢⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠒⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠤⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠶⠒⠉⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⣋⡀⠀⠤⡀⠠⠬⠠⠶⠶⠶⠿⢿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣆⣀⠀⢀⠘⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠖⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 3964 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/today_s_howtos.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/today_s_howtos.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ today's howtos⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Jan 22, 2026 * ⚓ Evgeni_Golov:_Validating_cloud-init_configs_without_being_root⠀⇛ Somehow this whole DevOps thing is all about generating the wildest things from some (usually equally wild) template. And today we're gonna generate YAML_from_ERB, what could possibly go wrong?! Well, actually, quite a_lot, so one wants to validate the generated result before using it to break systems at scale. The YAML we generate is a cloud-init cloud-config, and while checking that we generated a valid YAML document is easy (and we were already doing that), it would be much better if we could check that cloud-init can actually use it. * ⚓ Linux Handbook ☛ Setting_Up_Free_WAF_for_Homelab_With_SafeLine⠀⇛ Homelabs are wonderfully educational, but they face pretty much the same threats as real production environments if they are exposed to external traffic. Adding a WAF like SafeLine protects your services. * ⚓ Raspberry Pi ☛ USB_gadget_mode_in_Raspberry_Pi_OS:_SSH_over_USB⠀⇛ Last year, I came across a concept that sounded like the ideal solution: Ethernet over USB. The idea is beautifully simple — plug the Raspberry Pi into a laptop and it appears as a USB network adapter, just like when you enable USB tethering on a smartphone. That would mean no Wi-Fi setup, no IP scanning, no captive portal headaches — just plug in, SSH, and start working. Bonus: the host computer could even share its [Internet] connection over that same cable. At least, that’s the theory. * ⚓ University of Toronto ☛ The_long_painful_history_of_(re)using_login_to log_people_in⠀⇛ The news of the time interval is that Linux's usual telnetd has had a giant security vulnerability for a decade. As people on the Fediverse observed, we've been here before; Solaris apparently had a similar bug 20 or so years ago (which was CVE- 2007-0882, cf, via), and AIX in the mid 1990s (CVE-1999-0113, source, also)), and also apparently SGI Irix, and no doubt many others (eg). It's not necessarily telnetd at fault, either, as I believe it's sometimes been rlogind. * ⚓ Adam_Young:_Debugging_Qemu_with_gdb⠀⇛ When developing GNU/Linux Kernel code, I have found myself wanting to have a test fixture inside the Firmware that lets me inspect the values communicated out of and into the GNU/Linux Kernel. I am currently writing one such fixture in Qemu. And I have an interrupt that is not getting handled by the GNU/Linux Kernel, I think because it is not getting delivered. * ⚓ Linux Capable ☛ How_to_Install_Codex_CLI_on_Ubuntu_(26.04,_24.04, 22.04)⠀⇛ This guide explains how to install Codex CLI on Ubuntu using npm, Homebrew, or standalone binaries. Codex CLI is an agentic coding tool from Proprietary Chaffbot Company that operates directly in your terminal, understanding your codebase context, executing shell commands, and helping you write code through natural language conversations. * ⚓ Linux Capable ☛ How_to_Install_Zsh_on_Ubuntu_(26.04,_24.04,_22.04)⠀⇛ Zsh (Z Shell) provides smarter tab completion, persistent command history across terminal sessions, and a plugin ecosystem that simplifies daily command-line tasks. ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 4072 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/We_Help_Animals_But_Some_People_Don_t_Like_It.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/We_Help_Animals_But_Some_People_Don_t_Like_It.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ We Help Animals, But Some People Don't Like It⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Jan 22, 2026 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Jail_Bird⦈_ Yesterday I showed a letter which we had received because people_nearby_- including_us_-_feed_birds. The letter ended by saying that if we wish to "discuss this matter further" (as we do), then we should contact "Pest Control" at "pest.control@manchester.gov.uk". The official address has just admitted to me they "do not have any legal powers in issues of this kind." Hello Roy Schestowitz, Please redirect your comments to the office from which the original email was sent. You have not provided an email trail or your address. "Pigeon Feeding" (PR202601-1720952) did not originate from MCC Pest Control who do not have any legal powers in issues of this kind. Kind regards, Pest Control Service Neighbourhoods Directorate Manchester City Council 1 Hammerstone Road Gorton Manchester M18 8EQ Since I did in fact provide the reference number, there seems to be lack of coordination and communication here. In the interim we feed the birds once a day at a fixed time (not feeding them at all would be a form of torture by starvation or anxiety), as it's deemed permissible by all the official government sites that we studied in recent years (it is even actively encouraged). My wife and I were abused by an American who allegedly (according to his spouse, claim made repeatedly) broke a puppy's leg, so we won't capitulate easily to opponents of bird-feeding. We stand our ground. If you have a dog, imagine a local authority demanding you stop feeding the dog and instead trust the dog to strut astray around the streets to find edible things. How you would you respond? If you don't have a dog but do have a cat (or fish), imagine people saying you must refrain from feeding the cat (or the fish starving inside the tank). You would find that maddening, surely. Now you understand how we feel about the letter, or we assume the analogy puts some of the necessary parallels in perspective. "Feral" and "domesticated" are subjective terms; I've never in my whole life seen "domestic pigeons" sold at a shop. They are as "worthy of life" as any other animal, including squirrels and various mammals (provided they don't invade homes or mess up people's bins). █ =============================================================================== Image source: Jail_Bird ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠛⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠈⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠻⠿⠻⠿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⠿⠃⠉⠉⠁⠈⠀⠈⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⠄⠀⠀⠀⢀⣦⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⢹⡀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠨⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣴⡂⠀⠐⣶⣖⠀⠀⠁⠆⠀⠀⠰⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠹⣦⣄⣀⣀⣀⣀⣤⣴⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⡟⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠛⠿⠿⠟⠛⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠠⢄⠀⣰⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣦⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠋⠙⠛⠁⠉⠛⠉⠙⢿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣾⣿⣿⣷⣦⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣶⣶⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠚⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠿⣿⣷⣤⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠻⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣦⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣘⣿⠁⠀⢀⡀⠀⣀⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣧⠀⣰⣿⡇⠸⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⢀⣩⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣿⣶⣶⡶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣷⣤⣟⠉⠙⠇⠉⠀⠀⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣠⣶⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠄⠀⠀⠀⢤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⡟⢿⢻⠻⣿⡟⢻⢻⠛⢻⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣷⣾⣾⣶⣿⣷⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 4208 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Window_Shadows_Finally_Arrive_on_COSMIC_Desktop.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/Window_Shadows_Finally_Arrive_on_COSMIC_Desktop.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Window Shadows Finally Arrive on COSMIC Desktop⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Jan 22, 2026, updated Jan 22, 2026 System76 adds window shadows and consistent corner rounding to COSMIC Desktop, harmonising appearance across GTK, Qt, and native apps on Pop!_OS 24.04 LTS. Read_on More in Valnet: * ⚓ System76's_COSMIC_desktop_environment_just_fixed_a_bunch_of_problems⠀⇛ System76 released version 1.0.3 of its fresh, Rust-based COSMIC desktop environment this week, bringing with it several fixes and improvements for Linux fans running it. In particular, the file browser is getting some essential features. Support for opening multiple directories as new tabs simultaneously using the COSMIC Files has been improved. Also, there's now an "Open" button in the multi-preview interface, making it easier to open several items at once while in preview mode. Additionally, there was a bug preventing people from selecting hidden files when selecting multiple items at once with Shift-click actions, and that's been fixed. Another bug was addressed where items copied and pasted in COSMIC Files would lose all of their original timestamps. The Cosmic Settings app has been improved, with a new ability to apply RON (Rusty Object Notation) themes through the command line. This means if you have a RON file describing a theme for your desktop, you can apply it using the cosmic-settings command line tool. ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 4263 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/WordPress_Education_Programs_Why_to_Avoid_Bloated_Sites_Static_.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2026/01/22/WordPress_Education_Programs_Why_to_Avoid_Bloated_Sites_Static_.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ WordPress Education Programs, Why to Avoid Bloated Sites, Static Blogs, and "Building a Blog in Gleam"⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Jan 22, 2026 * ⚓ WordPress ☛ A_New_Home_for_WordPress_Education_Programs⠀⇛ Over the past few weeks, a new space has taken shape on WordPress.org for students who want to learn, build, and contribute. WordPress Education programs bring together initiatives that help students enter the WordPress ecosystem through clear, accessible entry points that lead to real-world practice. * ⚓ Marijke Luttekes ☛ Why_light-weight_websites_may_one_day_save_your life⠀⇛ Imagine being in a situation where you have limited [Internet] access: your [Internet] is slow, or you're relying on a small data bundle, or you are stuck in the middle of nowhere with spotty coverage. Now imagine that suddenly, you need help. Emergency medical information, food resource locations, shelter, assistance, anything. * ⚓ Alexandru Scvorțov ☛ Adding_big_files_to_a_static_blog_with_Nix⠀⇛ The source files for this blog live in a git repo. More than that, the generated HTML and CSS files also live in the same repo in the dist/ directory. * ⚓ Surya Rose ☛ Building_a_Blog_in_Gleam⠀⇛ 2026 is the year of blog posts, or so I hear. The thing is, there are so many options that you can use to make your blog, many of which are very complicated and feature rich — and sometimes you just want to start writing, and not have to deal with all that complexity. That's what this is — an alternative to all the complicated frameworks out there, a nice simple starting point which you can expand to your heart's desire, or leave as is. Written in Gleam. The code demonstrated in this article is a simplified version of what is powering the blog you are reading right now. ╘══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╛ ¶ Lines in total: 4335 ➮ Generation completed at 02:50, i.e. 42 seconds to (re)generate ⟲