Tux Machines Bulletin for Tuesday, December 30, 2025 ┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅┅ Generated Wed 31 Dec 02:49:50 GMT 2025 Created by Dr. Roy Schestowitz (𝚛𝚘𝚢 (at) 𝚜𝚌𝚑𝚎𝚜𝚝𝚘𝚠𝚒𝚝𝚣 (dot) 𝚌𝚘𝚖) Full hyperlinks for navigation omitted but are fully available in the originals The corresponding HTML versions are at http://news.tuxmachines.org ╒═══════════════════ 𝐈𝐍𝐃𝐄𝐗 ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ ⦿ Tux Machines - 3 Linux wars that shaped the OS you use today ⦿ Tux Machines - 7 Days Ago US Workers Left the Office Ahead of Christmas Eve, Now Vista 11 is Measured at 7% "Market Share" in the US ⦿ Tux Machines - An Update on Our Appeal ⦿ Tux Machines - Audiocasts/Shows/Talks: Late Night Linux and “End Of 10” at CCC ⦿ Tux Machines - Categorizing Package Manager Clients in GNU/Linux ⦿ Tux Machines - Databases: CouchLens and CERN PGDay Next Year ⦿ Tux Machines - DietPi December 2025 Update Adds RustDesk Server, Improves SBC Support, and Fixes Storage Issues ⦿ Tux Machines - ELEGANCE – general-purpose desktop Linux distribution ⦿ Tux Machines - Free and Open Source Software ⦿ Tux Machines - Free, Libre, and Open Source Software Legal Issues and Coding Leftovers ⦿ Tux Machines - GNU/Linux and Hardware Leftovers ⦿ Tux Machines - GNU/Linux Applications in Review ⦿ Tux Machines - GNU/Linux Rose to 4% in Somalia, Even 7% If One Counts ChromeOS as Well ⦿ Tux Machines - GNU Wget 2.2.1 Released with New Options, Improvements, and Bug Fixes ⦿ Tux Machines - How Richard Stallman Describes Animals Eating Another Animal (That's What the Term “Ecosystem” Implies) ⦿ Tux Machines - HowTo Geek on Applications, HowTos ⦿ Tux Machines - HowTos: How-To Geek and Linuxiac ⦿ Tux Machines - Hyprland 0.53 Lands With Window Rule Rewrite and Dozens of Fixes ⦿ Tux Machines - Jose E. Marchesi (GNU Project) Adopts Gemini Protocol, Starts Capsule ⦿ Tux Machines - Kernel: Facebook Takes Gaming Patch for the Online Game (Addiction) That is "Facebook", Torvalds Needs to Give NVIDIA the Finger Again ⦿ Tux Machines - Kubernetes v1.35 and Kubernetes on GNU/Linux on Z ⦿ Tux Machines - Linux-Ready SL1680 OPTIMA SoM Targets Embedded Systems with Synaptics SL1680 ⦿ Tux Machines - Make GNOME’s App Grid Scroll Vertically (Like it Used to) ⦿ Tux Machines - Playing A Game Of Linux On Your Sony Playstation 2 ⦿ Tux Machines - Programming Leftovers ⦿ Tux Machines - Retro, Hardware, Modding and ESP32 ⦿ Tux Machines - Security Leftovers ⦿ Tux Machines - Standards/Consortia: V16, UsbGpib, and More ⦿ Tux Machines - SuperTux 0.7 Beta Lands With Massive World Redesigns ⦿ Tux Machines - The Free Software Foundation (FSF) Might Make it to Goal Without Date Extensions ⦿ Tux Machines - Today in Techrights ⦿ Tux Machines - today's howtos ⦿ Tux Machines - today's leftovers ⦿ Tux Machines - (Updated) Orange Pi Previews Compact SBC with Eight-Core Allwinner A733 SoC ䷼ Bulletin articles (as HTML) to comment on (requires login): https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/3_Linux_wars_that_shaped_the_OS_you_use_today.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/7_Days_Ago_US_Workers_Left_the_Office_Ahead_of_Christmas_Eve_No.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/An_Update_on_Our_Appeal.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/Audiocasts_Shows_Talks_Late_Night_Linux_and_End_Of_10_at_CCC.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/Categorizing_Package_Manager_Clients_in_GNU_Linux.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/Databases_CouchLens_and_CERN_PGDay_Next_Year.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/DietPi_December_2025_Update_Adds_RustDesk_Server_Improves_SBC_S.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/ELEGANCE_general_purpose_desktop_Linux_distribution.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/Free_and_Open_Source_Software.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/Free_Libre_and_Open_Source_Software_Legal_Issues_and_Coding_Lef.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/GNU_Linux_and_Hardware_Leftovers.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/GNU_Linux_Applications_in_Review.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/GNU_Linux_Rose_to_4_in_Somalia_Even_7_is_One_Counts_ChromeOS_as.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/GNU_Wget_2_2_1_Released_with_New_Options_Improvements_and_Bug_F.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/How_Richard_Stallman_Describes_Animals_Eating_Another_Animal_Th.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/HowTo_Geek_on_Applications_HowTos.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/HowTos_How_To_Geek_and_Linuxiac.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/Hyprland_0_53_Lands_With_Window_Rule_Rewrite_and_Dozens_of_Fixe.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/Jose_E_Marchesi_GNU_Project_Adopts_Gemini_Protocol_Starts_Capsu.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/Kernel_Facebook_Takes_Gaming_Patch_for_the_Online_Game_Addictio.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/Kubernetes_v1_35_and_Kubernetes_on_GNU_Linux_on_Z.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/Linux_Ready_SL1680_OPTIMA_SoM_Targets_Embedded_Systems_with_Syn.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/Make_GNOME_s_App_Grid_Scroll_Vertically_Like_it_Used_to.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/Playing_A_Game_Of_Linux_On_Your_Sony_Playstation_2.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/Programming_Leftovers.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/Retro_Hardware_Modding_and_ESP32.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/Security_Leftovers.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/Standards_Consortia_V16_UsbGpib_and_More.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/SuperTux_0_7_Beta_Lands_With_Massive_World_Redesigns.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/The_Free_Software_Foundation_FSF_Might_Make_it_to_Goal_Without_.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/Today_in_Techrights.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/today_s_howtos.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/today_s_leftovers.shtml https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/_Updated_Orange_Pi_Previews_Compact_SBC_with_Eight_Core_Allwinn.shtml ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 115 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/3_Linux_wars_that_shaped_the_OS_you_use_today.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/3_Linux_wars_that_shaped_the_OS_you_use_today.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 3 Linux wars that shaped the OS you use today⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Rianne Schestowitz on Dec 30, 2025, updated Dec 30, 2025 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇opensource⦈_ Quoting: 3 Linux wars that shaped the OS you use today — Here is a fact-based summary of the story contents: Open-source software development is driven by global communities, and, in accordance with human nature, those communities will disagree, form factions, and push their own agendas. When two or more groups have a difference of opinion on something, they're going to compete to become the solution everyone accepts, and sometimes things get messy, While your clean installation of the latest Linux distro of your choice might seem like the product of peace, that software was forged in the fires of battle for the minds and market share of users like you. These are three of the most important Linux wars that have shaped the OS that runs the world today. Read_on Update There seems to be a talk promoting more wars and muzzling: * ⚓ How_to_keep_Open_Source_open_without_leaving_our_communities_open_to threats_-_media.ccc.de [iophk: she seems not to talk about Freedom and avoids mentioning it dodging the question indirectly by talking about the 1990s and not the 1980s, further she cite Microsoft GitHub and Microsoft Black_Duck; tldr; problematic presenter, her stats are kind of BS, it's not time from founding it's time from 2020 or so... 90% have been attacked, so far; nowadays Code of Censorships cause many crises [and Code of Conduct (CoC) Committee = gatekeepers_for_billionaires] yet the talk promotes more of that - BS all the way through]⠀⇛ The Four Freedoms (defined ~40 years ago) and the Four Opens (~15 years ago) for Open Source provided canonical definitions for what are the cornerstones of Open Source Software communities today. While the ethos still applies today, the cultural norms that blossomed to put it into practice are from an era with different challenges. ⠀⠀⠀⢈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠛⠛⠛⠁⢀⡀⡀⣀⣀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣀⣀⣉⣈⣉⣋⣉⣋⣋⣋⣙⣛⣛⣟⣟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠈⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣻⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠙⠛⠛⠛⠛ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⣤⣤⣴⣶⣦⣤⣤ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣀⣨⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣉⣧⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⢣ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀ ⠤⣤⠀⠀⢠⠤⠄⢸⠉⠙⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡌⠹⣿⣯⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠳⡹⣿⣧⣀⣀⣤⣴ ⠉⠉⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀⢸⠀⠀⠈⠉⠋⢟⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠉⣹⣿⠹⠿⠉⣿⡏⡏⠭⣹⢩⣍⢿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⠿⠿⠿⠛⠁ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣼⣄⣀⣀⣀⣀⣊⣑⣉⣹⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠤⣼⣿⣼⣿⣼⣬⣵⣧⣷⣽⣬⣵⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠉⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠛⠉⠛⠛⢿⡿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⡛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⢤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢠⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠛ ⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⢀⣀⣀⣀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣄⢻⡢⡀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠂⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⡻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⣨⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢪⣷⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⠈⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠙⠿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⢸⣧⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠈⣼⣿⣿⡏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠉⢡⠀⠙⡿⠠⢀⠉⠙⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠈⡟⢿⣿⡇⠀⠂⠀⣰⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⡇⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⣡⣤⣦⣼⣧⣿⣿⣷⣤⣤⣴⣧⣷⣽⣿⣽⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣤⣤⣁⣤⣷⣄⣁⣤⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢀⣀ ⠀⠀⠀⠈⠂⠉⠉⣿⣿⠿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⡇⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠲⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠻⠭ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⡇⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀ ⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠒⠚⠛⠒⠰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶ ⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢟⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠾⣿⠟⢛⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿ ⠠⠀⠉⠛⢿⡿⣿⣿⡃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢦⡀⠀⢸⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣷⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣀⢁⣀⣠⡼⢱⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠾⣋⣡⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 207 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/7_Days_Ago_US_Workers_Left_the_Office_Ahead_of_Christmas_Eve_No.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/7_Days_Ago_US_Workers_Left_the_Office_Ahead_of_Christmas_Eve_No.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ 7 Days Ago US Workers Left the Office Ahead of Christmas Eve, Now Vista 11 is Measured at 7% "Market Share" in the US⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Dec 30, 2025, updated Dec 30, 2025 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Cold_weather_mask_worn_by_a_woman⦈_ The Incredible Failure of Microsoft Windows As just noticed (and then noted) in the_sister_site, US_government_data previously_said_one_in_ten_sessions_came_from_Vista_11_users and now it seems like one in 13: 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Windows_11_at_7%⦈_ As it was put in the sister site, "how can Microsoft explain this to shareholders? Vista 11 turns 5 in 2026 and it is the only version of Windows still supported." From market share to market shame. █ ⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⣀⣴⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠙⠛⠛⠛⠛⠿⠿⠻⠿⠿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⣿⣿⣿⠀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣤⣤⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢼⣿⣿⣿⣼⣿⣿⣀⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣶⣦⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠁⠈⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣦⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⣿⣿⣟⣟⣿⠛⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠗⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠿⠿⠿⠿⠛⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⣿⣷⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣡⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠙⢛⣿⡿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⠛⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣄⣀⣀⣉⡉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢠⣶⣶⣶⣶⣦⣤⣤ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣴⡾⢿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⣀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣽⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣀⣀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣾⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⠿⢋⣀⡀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣀⣾⢀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⢿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣹⣿⢏⡉⣉⣽⡿⠷⣿⠿⣿⣷⣾⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣦⣤⣄⡀⠀⠛⢿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⣿⣿⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣼⢋⣥⣼⣿⠟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⡷⡖⣶⣏⠉⡶⠾⠛⠛⠫⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣠⣾⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣷⡨⢿⠘⡿⠿⠟⣻⣛⣿⠁⠀⠘⢻⣷⡛⣻⣶⣚⣉⣀⡀⠠⣄⠀⢰⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠛⠁⠀⠀⠉⠀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣀⡔⠁⡉⣠⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣴⣿⣦⣶⡒⢶⡖⠢⣤⠤⠐⠋⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣀⠀ ⠋⣿⣿⣿⠀⠈⣿⣿⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡅⠐⠦⢘⣿⡿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣿⣷⢻⣿⣟⣻⡛⠻⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶ ⠀⣿⣿⣧⣠⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⢠⠷⡉⢳⡿⣗⣿⣿⣟⡿⠉⠏⣿⣷⡿⠚⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿ ⢸⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠉⢉⣵⣶⣾⣿⡟⡩⠄⣸⣖⠢⣬⣷⡿⣿⣟⡿⣻⣿⣿⠋⠙⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷ ⢸⣿⣿⣅⡀⣰⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠒⣷⣀⣨⣉⡁⢹⣿⣿⡏⢉⣤⣄⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⠟⡚⠻⣉⡀⠈⡟⣸⣿⡿⠉⢋⠂⠈⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣴⣦⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⢸⣿⣿⠛⠛⢿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢰⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿ ⢸⣿⣿⠀⠀⠠⠘⠠⠐⠀⠀⠰⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠇⠈⠌⠄⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⡏⣿⠛⡛⢹⣯⢹⣯⠙⠛⠛⡛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣍⣽⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿ ⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣾⣷⣾⣶⣵⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿ ⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿ ⢸⣿⢿⢿⠿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡿⢿⣿⠿⠿⡿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿ ⢸⣿⡌⡌⡄⣯⢉⠩⠈⠍⡍⠉⠍⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡁⡁⢕⢏⠄⡤⡁⢹⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿ ⢸⣿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⢻⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿ ⢸⣿⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿ ⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡍⡏⡝⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡍⢭⢹⡿⠉⡉⠋⢻⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿ ⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣷⣷⣾⣿⠁⠀⠀⣿ 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⢸⣿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⢛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⢻⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿ ⢸⣿⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣼⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿ ⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿ ⢸⣿⡏⠋⡟⠛⢛⡉⢛⠋⡛⡛⠛⡋⡛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡍⡯⠹⡿⠉⡉⠋⢻⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿ ⢸⣿⠷⠶⠷⠶⠶⠶⠾⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠷⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠶⠶⠶⠶⠶⠷⠶⢾⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿ ⢸⣿⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣸⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿ ⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿ ⢸⣿⡟⢻⠿⡿⠟⠿⠿⠟⡻⠟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡛⣟⢻⣿⠛⠛⠟⢿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿ ⢸⣿⣥⣤⣤⣤⣥⣼⣬⣤⣤⣥⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣥⣭⣬⣭⣥⣦⣤⣼⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿ ⢸⣿⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢹⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿ ⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 307 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/An_Update_on_Our_Appeal.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/An_Update_on_Our_Appeal.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ An Update on Our Appeal⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Dec 30, 2025, updated Dec 30, 2025 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Cup_of_tea_isolated_on_white_background⦈_ "Order already followed" There was an online effort (in social control media) to discredit us. We don't participate in social control media (neither my wife nor I), so we can only respond in a blog. And that's how it ought to be, no "brigading" or Internet trolling. Trolls thrive in social control media; they lack the mental maturity to operate a proper site and engage in an amicable, professional fashion. Just before Christmas we received a threatening letter. Hours after my birthday (they knew it was my birthday). We'll file an_appeal depending on the nature of the behaviour and its timing too will depend on behaviour. If we need to illuminate the nature of the threats, we'll publicise them so that everyone can see. For the time being, to avoid disclosing private letters, the following message (ours) sent 7 days ago tells a story: We complied fully with the Order, which we will also appeal soon. Your 5-page letter demonstrates exactly why this appeal is very much necessary and well overdue. This Order did not grant you the things your client falsely asserts in vexatious statements online. We should note that 100% of his social media posts from December 15 until December 23 were about us, which seems obsessive/compulsive. The litigant has in fact made it abundantly clear, in public and unequivocally - both in 2023 and again in December 2025 (his latest temper tantrum) - that his true and real intention isn't to remove particular pages that mention his name but to effectively take our Web sites offline with about half a million Web pages from many contributors, exposing corruption in a 41-year period (combined ages of the sites), in effect cutting off non-profits and the only our only means of communicating with our families. It's not only sinister; it's a threat that is not legal. But given how he also advised a person who had strangled women to sue us (to drain our legal budget for a Counterclaim - the very definition of frivolous and strategic litigation; their interferences are financially motivated on several levels; a week ago the Court added the Garrett Order to Graveley's case, satisfying our assertion those two cases are closely, inherently connected and they shamelessly game the system), this would not be too shocking that his desire of vengeance goes this far. When we raised this subject you not only repeatedly defamed us, fallaciously calling us names; you also resorted to many breaches of Civil Procedure Rules. You never operated in good faith, you just bully us. You are now attempting to cover up what you did to us. You may not be aware of what your client does online, so I will point to it: he is doxing family members, using private information acquired through reckless solicitors looking for vengeance and misusing data (despite claiming to be specialists in Data Protection). You cannot keep acting facetiously about your true motivations. We cannot have a constructive discussion when your client openly and publicly threatens to taken down half a million Web pages without due process and without legal basis (as he had done for years and again this month, only a day apart from your letter). It's our understanding that we need not supply you with this information about the formal processes. You simply refuse to accept facts that do not suit your interests. Or maybe you want this information to do yet more doxing. We categorically disagree with your assessment and it's a matter for a Court to decide. We shall also take the liberty to refer to this communication in appealing. The aim here is law, not lawfare. Merry Christmas, Rianne and Roy This was about a week after they pushed some rather grotesque selective quoting in an effort to discredit us (in our own platform) despite the Judge_seeing_and understanding_our_concerns, which seemed legitimate to her. She objected to the selective quoting and rewrote the summary for the Judgement - a decision that we appreciated (that she took time to redo the text). We'll write_about_the_whole_thing_some_time_in_the_next_5_years_or_so (it is a very long story). We live in a free country that - at least in theory, even if not_in_practice - offers freedom of speech to all. We didn't say hateful things, we combatted hateful things. We'll always oppose hateful things. █ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠛⠛⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠛⠛⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠋⠓⠤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠠⠒⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢛⣩⣤⣤⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠈⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠈⠙⠛⠻⠟⠞⠓⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠦⡠⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠙⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠉⢙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣷⣶⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣴⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣦⣤⣤⣄⢀⡀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣠⣤⣤⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠟⠛⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠛⠻⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠛⠛⠋⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣤⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 452 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/Audiocasts_Shows_Talks_Late_Night_Linux_and_End_Of_10_at_CCC.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/Audiocasts_Shows_Talks_Late_Night_Linux_and_End_Of_10_at_CCC.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Audiocasts/Shows/Talks: Late Night Linux and “End Of 10” at CCC⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Dec 30, 2025 * ⚓ Late_Night_Linux_–_Episode_366⠀⇛ It’s our 2025 review of GNU/Linux and open source news including great gaming news, the impact of AI, the disappointments from Mozilla, the year of Wayland on the desktop, the politics of open source, Intel’s lack of interest, and KDE wins. Gaming * ⚓ CCC ☛ “End_Of_10”:_How_the_FOSS_Community_is_Combatting_Software-Driven Resource_and_Energy_Consumption_-_media.ccc.de⠀⇛ The end of free support for Windows 10 was 14 October 2025. Well, sort of. ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 490 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/Categorizing_Package_Manager_Clients_in_GNU_Linux.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/Categorizing_Package_Manager_Clients_in_GNU_Linux.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Categorizing Package Manager Clients in GNU/Linux⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Dec 30, 2025 * ⚓ University of Toronto ☛ Linux_distribution_packaging_should_be_as declarative_as_possible⠀⇛ A commentator on my entry on why Debian and RPM (source) packages are complicated suggested looking at Arch Linux packaging, where most of the information is in a single file as more or less a shell script (example). Unfortunately, I'm not a fan of this sort of shell script or shell script like format, ultimately because it's only declarative by convention (although I suspect Arch enforces some of those conventions). One reason that declarative formats are important is that you can analyze and understand what they do without having to execute code. Another reason is that such formats naturally standardize things, which makes it much more likely that any divergence from the standard approach is something that matters, instead of a style difference. * ⚓ Andrew Nesbitt ☛ Categorizing_Package_Manager_Clients⠀⇛ This is the companion to Categorizing Package Registries, focusing on the client side: how package managers resolve dependencies, track versions, run build code, and declare dependencies. The data is also available as CSV. There are gaps; contributions welcome. Each package manager combines these choices differently. Cargo uses backtracking resolution, generates lockfiles, allows build hooks via build.rs, and uses TOML manifests. Go uses minimal version selection, achieves reproducibility without lockfiles, forbids hooks entirely, and embeds dependencies in go.mod. npm uses deduplication with nesting, generates lockfiles, allows postinstall hooks, and uses JSON. The particular combination shapes the developer experience more than any single choice. ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 546 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/Databases_CouchLens_and_CERN_PGDay_Next_Year.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/Databases_CouchLens_and_CERN_PGDay_Next_Year.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Databases: CouchLens and CERN PGDay Next Year⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Dec 30, 2025 * ⚓ Vikash Patel ☛ Introducing_CouchLens:_A_Query_Analysis_Tool_for Couchbase⠀⇛ CouchLens is a browser-based tool for analyzing Couchbase N1QL query performance. It parses system tables, extracts execution plans, and generates insights to help database administrators find performance bottlenecks without sending data to external servers. This post explains what it does, how to use it, and what features are coming. * ⚓ PostgreSQL ☛ CERN_PGDay_2026:_Schedule_Published⠀⇛ We are pleased to announce that the schedule for CERN PGDay 2026 has been published. The conference will take place on Friday, 6 February 2026 at CERN in Meyrin, near Geneva, Switzerland. The Programme Committee has put together an attractive programme consisting of seven sessions in English, all on a single track. We would like to thank everyone who submitted a proposal during the CfS. ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 590 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/DietPi_December_2025_Update_Adds_RustDesk_Server_Improves_SBC_S.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/DietPi_December_2025_Update_Adds_RustDesk_Server_Improves_SBC_S.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ DietPi December 2025 Update Adds RustDesk Server, Improves SBC Support, and Fixes Storage Issues⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Rianne Schestowitz on Dec 30, 2025 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇DietPi⦈_ Quoting: DietPi December 2025 Update Adds RustDesk Server, Improves SBC Support, and Fixes Storage Issues DietPi August 2025 Update Goes Trixie and Prepares Forky — DietPi is a lightweight, Debian-based operating system optimized for single-board computers and embedded devices. It focuses on minimal resource usage while providing users with automation utilities and a broad software catalog. 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Featuring the Cinnamon desktop environment, it comes loaded with an extensive suite of software tailored for everyday activities. Read_on ⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⢤⠀⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠈⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠒⠒⠒⠒⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⡤⢤⠀⠀⠘⠛⢛⣛⣛⡛⠛⠛⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠤⠤⠍⠭⠤⠄⠠⠤⠤⠤⠤⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢸⣧⣆⠾⠷⢠⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⠐⠒⠒⠒⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠿⢿⠓⠒⠒⠻⠿⢿⠿⢿⣿⡿⠿⢿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠇ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠿⠇⠐⠮⠇⠀⠑⠀⠠⠿⠆⠸⡯⡇⠐⠿⠇⠀⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 720 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/Free_and_Open_Source_Software.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/Free_and_Open_Source_Software.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Free and Open Source Software⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Rianne Schestowitz on Dec 30, 2025 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇fileformat⦈_ * ⚓ fileformat_-tool_for_recognizing_file_formats_-_LinuxLinks⠀⇛ fileformat is a tool for detecting and identifying file formats. This is free and open source software. * ⚓ Sidef_-_high-level_programming_language_-_LinuxLinks⠀⇛ Sidef is a modern, high-level programming language designed for versatile general-purpose applications, drawing inspiration from the principles of Ruby, Raku, and Julia. This is free and open source software. * ⚓ subfinder_-_subdomain_discovery_tool_-_LinuxLinks⠀⇛ subfinder is a subdomain discovery tool that returns valid subdomains for websites, using passive online sources. It has a simple, modular architecture and is optimized for speed. subfinder is built for doing one thing only – passive subdomain enumeration, and it does that very well. This is free and open source software. * ⚓ snitch_-_friendlier_ss_/_netstat_tool_-_LinuxLinks⠀⇛ snitch is a friendlier ss / netstat for humans. It lets you inspect network connections with a clean TUI or styled tables. It has a focus on a clear usage API and a solid testing strategy. This is free and open source software. * ⚓ iloader_-_user_friendly_sideloader_-_LinuxLinks⠀⇛ iloader lets you install SideStore (or other apps) and import your pairing file with ease. This is free and open source software. * ⚓ yatto_-_interactive_VCS-based_todo-list_-_LinuxLinks⠀⇛ yatto is a terminal-first to-do application that stores each task as a plain JSON file and manages your task directory as a Git or Jujutsu repository. Every change is versioned. Collaboration and sync come for free. Your tasks remain transparent, portable, and fully under your control. This is free and open source software. * ⚓ Chatty_-_Twitch_chat_client_-_LinuxLinks⠀⇛ Chatty is a Twitch Chat Client for Desktop written in Java featuring many Twitch specific features. This is free and open source software. ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠉⠁⠈⢙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠛⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠟⠛⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⣸⠛⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠉⠁⠀⠈⠙⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢀⢛⣲⣶⡶⣾⣿⣖⡲⠀⠈⠉⠉⠛⠛⠿⣷⣶⣶⣇⠀⠀⢈⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢛⠀⢸⣿⢙⣿⣷⠸⣿⠛⣿⡦⠐⡢⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠻⣿⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠋⠱⣿⣾⣿⣏⣹⣿⣟⣰⣿⣏⣹⣿⣾⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⡿⠙⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣬⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣀⣀⠀⣀⣠⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠻⠿⠿⠛⡉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣠⣤⣴⣶⣶⣶⣦⣤⣴⣾⣷⣶⣶⣦⣤⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢰⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢀⣀⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⠂⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠃⠙⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⢿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⢀⣼⣿⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢰⣶⠀⠀⣠⣶⣶⠀⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⠐⠀⠀⠐⠲⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⠄⣠⣾⣿⠟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⡟⠶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⠈⣉⣉⣉⣉⡉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡟⣤⣿⣿⣿⢸⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⡄⣿⣦⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠉⠉⠉⠀⠉⠉⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⡇⢿⣿⣟⣥⣾⢡⣶⣌⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⢣⡅⢸⣿⠇⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⡟⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠇⠘⣿⣿⣿⡟⠰⣦⡹⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⡈⠃⠈⢉⣁⢈⣋⣛⣛⣛⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⢀⣀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠈⠙⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣧⢰⡀⠉⠛⠛⠱⢷⡬⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠛⠼⠃⠼⠟⠛⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⠿⣃⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣤⣭⣭⣭⣭⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣄⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠛⠛⠛⠻⠿⠿⠿⠛⠛⠛⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣠⣴⣿⣿⣶⣤⣀⣀⣀⣠⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 854 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/Free_Libre_and_Open_Source_Software_Legal_Issues_and_Coding_Lef.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/Free_Libre_and_Open_Source_Software_Legal_Issues_and_Coding_Lef.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Free, Libre, and Open Source Software Legal Issues and Coding Leftovers⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Dec 30, 2025 * § Licensing / Legal⠀➾ o ⚓ Software Freedom Conservancy ☛ U-Boot_has_joined_Software_Freedom Conservancy [Ed: Trying_to_change_the_subject_quickly⠀⇛ We're so happy to announce that Das_U-Boot, the Universal Bootloader, will be joining SFC! U-Boot is the most popular generic-purpose bootloader and is critical to ensuring that devices remain as open and free as possible. U-Boot has been essential for embedded linux products and is the de facto standard across various processor architectures. o ⚓ Software Freedom Conservancy ☛ Match_challenge_upped_to_$251,939! [Ed: FSF envy and imitation]⠀⇛ o ⚓ Michael Geist ☛ The_Year_in_Review:_Top_Ten_Law_Bytes_Podcast Episodes⠀⇛ The final Law Bytes podcast of 2025 released last week took a look back at the year in digital policy. With the podcast on a holiday break, this post looks back at the ten most popular episodes of the year. Topping the charts this year was a discussion with Sukesh Kamra on law firm adoption of artificial intelligence and innovative technologies. The episode is part of the Law Bytes Professionalism Pack that enables Ontario lawyers to obtain accredited CLE professionalism hours. Other top episodes focused on digital policy under the Carney government, episodes on privacy law developments and a trio of episodes on Bill C-2, the government’s lawful access bill. * § Programming/Development⠀➾ o ⚓ Hackaday ☛ Different_Algorithms_Sort_Christmas_Lights⠀⇛ Sorting algorithms are a common exercise for new programmers, and for good reason: they introduce many programming fundamentals at once, including loops and conditionals, arrays and lists, comparisons, algorithmic complexity, and the tradeoff between correctness and performance. As a fun Christmas project, [Scripsi] set out to implement twelve different sorting algorithms over twelve days, using Christmas lights as the sorting medium. o ⚓ SICP ☛ Management_is_the_wrong_analogy_for_LLM_augmentation⠀⇛ A common meme at the moment in AI-augmented coding circles is “we are all managers now”, with people expressing the idea that alongside actual programming, programmers now manage their team of agents. This is a poor analogy, in both directions. o ⚓ Xe's Blog ☛ Git's_HTTP_server_side_design_does_not_scale⠀⇛ A small rant about CGI. ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 943 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/GNU_Linux_and_Hardware_Leftovers.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/GNU_Linux_and_Hardware_Leftovers.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ GNU/Linux and Hardware Leftovers⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Dec 30, 2025 * § Kernel Space / File Systems / Virtualization⠀➾ o ⚓ Farid Zakaria ☛ Huge_binaries:_I_thunk_therefore_I_am⠀⇛ In my previous post, we looked at the “sound barrier” of x86_64 linking: the 32-bit relative CALL instruction and how it can result in relocation overflows. Changing the code-model to -mcmodel=large fixes the issue but at the cost of “instruction bloat” and likely a performance penalty although I had failed to demonstrate it via a benchmark 🥲. Surely there are other interesting solutions? 🤓 * § Games⠀➾ o ⚓ Hackaday ☛ Playing_A_Game_Of_Linux_On_Your_Sony_Playstation_2⠀⇛ Until the 2000s, game consoles existed primarily to bring a bit of the gaming arcade experience to homes, providing graphical feats that the average home computer would struggle to emulate. By the 2000s this changed, along with the idea of running desktop applications on gaming console for some reason. Hence we got Linux for the PlayStation 2, targeting its MIPS R5900 CPU and custom GPU. Unlike these days where game consoles are reskinned gaming PCs, this required some real effort, as well as a veritable stack of accessories, as demonstrated by [Action Retro] in a recent video. o ⚓ Mat Duggan ☛ The_Year_of_the_3D_Printed_Miniature_(And_Other_Lies We_Tell_Ourselves)⠀⇛ For those who had friends in high school—and I'm not being glib here, this is a genuine demographic distinction—40k is a game where two or more players invest roughly $1,000 to build an army of small plastic figures. You then trim excess plastic with a craft knife (cutting yourself at least twice, this is mandatory), prime them, paint them over the course of several months, and then carefully transport them to an LGS (local game shop) in foam-lined cases that cost more than some people's luggage. * § Desktop Environments (DE)/Window Managers (WM)⠀➾ o § K Desktop Environment/KDE SC/Qt⠀➾ # ⚓ Ocean_Development_–_2025_Recap⠀⇛ We achieved significant milestones during 2025 on the Ocean design system for Plasma. Here is a video recap of all of the things that happened. * o § Hardware⠀➾ # ⚓ CNX Software ☛ LoRa,_BLE,_and_GNSS_tracker_supports_open- source_software,_solar_charging,_outdoor_and_indoor tracking⠀⇛ Designed by Ruictec in China, the TD04 is a LoRa- based low-power tracker that also features BLE and dual-band GNSS. It supports both indoor and outdoor positioning, and is suitable for fleet management, asset tracking, and geofencing over public or private LoRaWAN networks with minimal maintenance. The device combines GNSS (L1/L5) for outdoor positioning with BLE-based indoor tracking. It automatically switches between the two to optimize accuracy and power usage, delivering around 1–2 m accuracy outdoors and 2–4 m indoors. It is LoRaWAN 1.0.3-compliant, supports OTAA and ABP, and operates across multiple regional bands (EU868, US915, IN865, AS923, and others). # ⚓ CNX Software ☛ Elecrow_Hey_Hi_(AI)_starter_kit_turns_NVIDIA Jetson_Orin_Nano_into_a_learning_platform_with_11.6-inch display,_30_electronics_modules⠀⇛ Elecrow Hey Hi (AI) Starter Kit for the NVIDIA Jetson Orin Nano turns the NVIDIA Jetson Orin Nano into a learning and educational kit for students, educators, and hardware enthusiasts looking for a rapid and powerful prototyping platform. The kit integrates an 11.6-inch IPS touchscreen, an 8MP servo-controlled gimbal camera, a voice interaction module, and 30 common electronics modules embedded in the kit. ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1067 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/GNU_Linux_Applications_in_Review.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/GNU_Linux_Applications_in_Review.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ GNU/Linux Applications in Review⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Dec 30, 2025 * ⚓ Linux Links ☛ LinuxLinks:_Our_most-read_stories_of_2025⠀⇛ I've trawled through our statistics and found our ten most well received posts/series that saw the highest page views for 2025. * ⚓ Linuxiac ☛ Orbitiny_Desktop_Pilot_8_Delivers_Its_Biggest_Release_Yet⠀⇛ The Orbitiny Desktop Pilot 8 pre-release delivers its most substantial update yet, featuring a new graphical installer and a rebuilt desktop core. * ⚓ HowTo Geek ☛ 3_modern_CLI_tools_that_have_replaced_ps,_df,_and_curl_for me⠀⇛ You've probably been using ps, df, and curl for years, but there's always room for improvement. I know I'm always on the lookout for new tools, and perhaps you are too? If that's the case, I have three modern replacements for these tools that you may appreciate. The GNU tools are aplenty; there are hundreds of them, installed on every base system. They've been around since the dawn of time (okay, an exaggeration), and most often, they just need a visual refresh—and perhaps a feature or two. The following tools fit the bill, with colorful UIs and some basic quality-of-life improvements sorely missed from their ancient counterparts. ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1119 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/GNU_Linux_Rose_to_4_in_Somalia_Even_7_is_One_Counts_ChromeOS_as.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/GNU_Linux_Rose_to_4_in_Somalia_Even_7_is_One_Counts_ChromeOS_as.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ GNU/Linux Rose to 4% in Somalia, Even 7% If One Counts ChromeOS as Well⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Dec 30, 2025, updated Dec 30, 2025 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Letter_work_preserved_by_masking_during_metal_polishing process_on_an_aircraft⦈_ Not just airstrikes and terror groups Somalia is a poor country that only ever makes news headlines (internationally) in relation to conflict, famine, and various other bad things. But what's happening in Somalia when it comes to operating systems? Well, statCounter's data hints at significant_GNU/Linux_growth_in_recent_years. See below. █ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Desktop_Operating_System_Market_Share_Somalia⦈_ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠒⠀⠤⠖⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣠⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣾⣿⣷⣦⣤⣤⣀⠀⢀⣄⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠃⠀⣀⣀⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣴⣄⣻⣿⣿⣷⣦⣀⠀⡀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣬⢀⣠⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⡏⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣬⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡀⢸⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣤⣶⣴⣾⣿⣿⣷⣤⣴⣶⣾⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠚⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣺⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿ ⣇⣸⡿⢟⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⢀⠀⢀⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣬⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠛⠛⠟⠻⠿ ⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠋⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⣭⠽⡿⢭⣿⣶⣶⢶⠒⠵⠉⠒⠂⠻⠂⠀⠀⠀⢻⡿⠉⣉⣴⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠠⠄⠀⢲⢹⠾⠨⢩⢀⢀⠀⠂⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⢯⢹⡿⣓⣾⠟⠋⠉⠐⠠⠐⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣤⡇⠀⠀⣠⡔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⡗⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣓⣴⣶⣿⣿⣤⢠⣤⣤⣤⣥⣤⣤⣤⣥⣬⣤⣭⣤⣤⣤⣴⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡎⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠛⠙⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⠿⠿⠟⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠟⠉⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠰⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠈⠉⠙⠛⠿⠻⣿⠁⠈⠈⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠒⠐⠈⠋⠁⠈⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⢙⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠙⠋⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⢀⣾⠿⠛⠛⠛⠋⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⡛⠿⢿⠻⢻⡿⠿⡿⣛⢿⣿⡿⡿⣿⡿⠿⢿⢛⠿⠿⡿⣿⡿⢿⢻⢿⣿⡟⠿⠿⣿⢻⠿⠿⢿⡿⡟⡻⠿⡿⠿⠟⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢹⣿⣿ ⡿⡷⢾⡷⡶⢾⣷⣷⠷⢷⣼⢾⠿⣾⣿⣿⣶⣽⣿⣷⣷⣷⣿⣿⣾⣶⣿⣿⣷⣶⣷⣿⣿⣷⣶⣾⣿⣿⣶⣶⣿⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣸⣿⣿ ⣷⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣷⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣧⣤⣼⣤⣤⡄⢠⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣄⣀⣄⣤⣤⣀⣄⣒⣒⣢⣔⢒⡒⡒⠶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣶⣮⣡⡍⠿⢏⣭⣍⣌⣤⣘⡛⠿⠻⣿⢛⢻⡿⠿⠛⠿⢟⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⡇⢿⢸⣎⣸⣿⣿⣷⣿⣄⣇⢻⡏⡎⡿⠿⠙⡿⠙⣿⣿⡿⢉⡻⡿⡿⠛⠟⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣶⡆⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⢶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⡆⢰⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⡆⢀⣦⠀⣶⣦⣴⣶⠰⡆⣶⣶⣦⣴⣤⣶⣶⢰⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠋⠉⠀⠀⠉⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠃⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡜⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⠿⠇⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠧⠰⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠸⠿⢿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠰⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⠄⢲⠰⠓⠀⠆⠶⠰⠶⠰⠆⠀⠇⡇⡄⢀⠰⡁⠤⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡌⢿⢿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⢀⣼⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⣼⣿⣿ ⣿⠛⠃⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠦⠄⠀⠀⠤⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢻⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⣸⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⣷⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣛⡃⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⡛⢛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⢙⣛⣛⣛⣛⡃⠀⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⠛⣐⣛⣻⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣀⢸⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⡈⡟⠀⢿⣿⠿⣿⢡⡇⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠸⠿⠏⠿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⡟⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⢿⠿⠛⠻⠟⠛⠟⠿⠛⠛⠙⠃⠿⠘⠁⠘⠋⣉⡋⠛⠙⠋⢀⠃⠁⠓⡈⢁⡂⢀⠚⠃⠁⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠙⠛⢸⣿ ⣿⣏⣁⣉⣉⣁⣈⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣉⣀⣁⣀⣈⣈⣁⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣉⣁⣀⣀⣀⣈⣀⣀⣈⣈⣉⣀⣈⣉⣁⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣸⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣭⣭⣭⣽⣽⣭⣭⣭⣭⣽⣽⣭⣭⣽⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣭⣽⣭⣭⣭⣭⣯⣯⣭⣭⣭⣿⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣍⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1201 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/GNU_Wget_2_2_1_Released_with_New_Options_Improvements_and_Bug_F.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/GNU_Wget_2_2_1_Released_with_New_Options_Improvements_and_Bug_F.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ GNU Wget 2.2.1 Released with New Options, Improvements, and Bug Fixes⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Marius Nestor on Dec 30, 2025 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇GNU_Wget⦈_ Highlights of the GNU Wget 2.2.1 release include a new --show-progress argument to improve backwards compatibility to wget, the ability to prevent file truncation with the --no-clobber argument, and support for using the local system timestamp when requested via the --no-use-server-timestamps argument. This release also improves the messages about why URLs are not being followed, adds support for using the ‘no_’ prefix in configuration options, adds support for using the libnghttp2 library for HTTP/2 testing, and adds support for setting the exit status to 8 on a 403 response code. Read_on ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣐⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠿⠿⠻⠽⠿⠿⠽⠟⠿⠿⠟⠛⠛⠛⠚⠛⠛⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣓⣒⡒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⡿⠙⠶⡖⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⢶⢶⠶⢶⣖⢒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠐⠻⠻⠟⠓⠲⠂⠀⠀⠘⠟⠻⠛⠹⠟⠛⠿⠟⠻⠗⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⣋⠙⣛⣟⣛⣟⣳⣦⠀⠀⢐⣖⣲⣲⣒⣒⣶⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⢘⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣽⣩⣍⣭⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡉⢈⣽⣽⣽⣷⣶⠆⠀⠀⢨⣯⣏⣭⣿⣿⣽⣿⣏⣹⣿⣿⣿⡿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣦⢨⣿⣿⣿⠟⠛⠛⠃⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣛⣋⣛⣛⠛⠛⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣤⣤⣤⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣽⡿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣐⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠓⠀⠀⠘⠛⠛⠛⠚⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠚⠛⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣠⠉⠛⢹⣶⣶⣶⣶⣤⣤⡀⠀⢰⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣖⣶⣶⣶⣒⣒⣒⢀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣶⣶⡄⢀⣠⣴⣶⣿⣿⣿⠀⣤⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⠒⢺⣭⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⠟⠛⠛⠓⠛⠛⠛⠛⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠉⠈⣩⣭⣍⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⢨⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣝⣿⣍⣤⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠉⢘⣿⣿⣿⣶⡶⠂⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠷⠲⠖⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣭⣭⣥⣭⣭⡍⠉⠉⠉⠉⣀⣀⣴⣶⣶⣶⣶⣤⡀⠀⠸⢿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⢀⣤⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣀⣴⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣿⣿⣿⢹⣿⡏⢸⣿⡇⣱⣿⣆⣰⣷⢌⢽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠀⠠⠄⠄⠤⠤⠀ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1258 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/How_Richard_Stallman_Describes_Animals_Eating_Another_Animal_Th.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/How_Richard_Stallman_Describes_Animals_Eating_Another_Animal_Th.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ How Richard Stallman Describes Animals Eating Another Animal (That's What the Term “Ecosystem” Implies)⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Dec 30, 2025, updated Dec 30, 2025 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Male_cape_sparrow⦈_ In the past 5 nights the Christmas_Day_Bird showed up 80% of the nights (4 out of 5). Tomorrow will be the year's last day (today it is day 364 of 2025) and we hope to still see this bird every day. Yesterday while walking around Town we sadly saw not one but two dead birds (just like 'ours'); the latter was being eaten by a crow. When asked why_to_avoid*_the_term_"ecosystem" Richard_Stallman - via GNU - explains: "It is inadvisable to describe the free software community, or any human community, as an “ecosystem,” because that word implies the absence of ethical judgment. "The term “ecosystem” implicitly suggests an attitude of nonjudgmental observation: don't ask how what should happen, just study and understand what does happen. In an ecosystem, some organisms consume other organisms. In ecology, we do not ask whether it is right for an owl to eat a mouse or for a mouse to eat a seed, we only observe that they do so. Species' populations grow or shrink according to the conditions; this is neither right nor wrong, merely an ecological phenomenon, even if it goes so far as the extinction of a species. "By contrast, beings that adopt an ethical stance towards their surroundings can decide to preserve things that, without their intervention, might vanish—such as civil society, democracy, human rights, peace, public health, a stable climate, clean air and water, endangered species, traditional arts…and computer users' freedom." Similarly he says: "I don't use the term "Native Americans" to refer to indigenous people in the United States because that term has a prior meaning: people born in the United States. I am one of them. I am aware of the North American history of colonialism: massacres, broken treaties, and forcing children into boarding schools. My rejection of the term "Native Americans" does not seek to excuse any of those wrongs. I do not intend any disrespect by using the term "indigenous peoples" for those groups of people. It is a generally accepted term, and I expect they agree that they are among the world's indigenous peoples." █ ___________ * Avoiding things isn't negativism but a rejection of deception and corruption (there are many other things to avoid; also GAFAM and other_companies_to_avoid, even_patents_on_software and nefarious things those companies pursue to hurt society and plunder society). ⠀⢢⡀⣼⠋⠁⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠑⠂⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣾⣶⣶⠂⡀⣠⣿⣿⣿⡷⠟⠋⠀⠀⣠⣾⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣼⣿⡇⠀⠀⣸⣇⠀⠈⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡉⠻⣷⡄⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠛⠋⠉⠁⠀⠀⣀⣤⣴⣿⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢸⣿⡿⠃⠀⣰⣿⠿⣷⣶⡄⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣝⠓⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣤⣤⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⡄⠀⠀⠀⣿⠃⠀⠀ ⠈⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⡏⠀⢈⣿⡗⠀⠀⠀⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⣻⠟⠣⢤ ⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⣼⣿⠇⠀⢸⡆⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⣴⠂⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠠⣿⣧⣠⢦ ⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⢀⣿⡇⠀⢀⣿⡏⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡆⠙⠛⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⣀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠈⠙⢏⠁ ⣿⣿⣿⡿⠃⠀⢠⣾⣿⠇⠀⢸⣿⣇⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⡈⠻⢿⣟⠿⠿⠟⠁⢸⣿⠿⠟⠛⠋⠉⠉⠀⠀⣀⢀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⢸⣴ ⠻⠿⠋⠀⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⠀⠈⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⣄⠉⠣⠤⣴⣾⣿⡿⠇⠀⢠⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⢿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⢽⡟⠛⠁⠀⠘⠿⣿⡆⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠘⠛⠋⠀⣀⣤⣿⣿⣿⣏⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⡀⣼ ⠀⠀⠠⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠛⠈⠛⠻⠿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡜⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣤⣀⡀⠀⠘⠳⠤⣒⡢⢤⣀⠀⢀⠀⠈⠲⠄⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠂⠍⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⢬⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣄⡀⠈⠘⠢⠉⢿⣿⣿⣷⣦⣤⣄⣀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠄⣀⡀⠊⠙⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣡⢿⣄⡀⠀⠀⢈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠠⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⡀⠀⠆⠉⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣀⣀⠀⠉⠉⠚⠶⢦⣍⣛⠛⣣⣿⣿⣿⡀⠈⠉⠂⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⡀⠀⠛⠨⠟⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣄⣈⠉⠛⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣀⡀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡄⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠈⠲⠌⠉⠛⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⢀⢉⡛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣄⡀⠀⠀⠘⠒⠪⠙⢛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠻⣿⠟⢿⡿⠛⢉⡀⠀⠀⠀⠽⠊⠛⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣄⣀⠀⠈⠓⠌⢭⣿⣧⣤⡤⣤⠄⣠⣤⢄⣀⣘⠛⣿⣷⣆⡀⠀⠀⠀⠆⠶⣲⡽⣿⣿⡆⠸⣿⣏⠙⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣤⣀⡀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠈⠉⠘⢷⡿⠛⠿⣷⣄⢀⣠⡀⠀⠙⠿⣛⣻⢿⠀⢼⣿⡆⠀⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠘⡯⡛⢿⣦⡀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠺⣾⣍⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠉⢁⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣴⣶⣤⣤⣤⣤⣀⡀⠀⠀⠛⠿⠿⠕⠀⡤⠤⠨⠙⠉⣻⣙⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⢀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣤⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠚⢣⣽⣮⠉⣉⢉⠝⠉⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠁⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣷⡶⣶⣤⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠈⠏⠛⠷⡯⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠋⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⣸⣿⣇⠸⣿⣶⣤⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠃⠶⠿⣿⣻⣿⣿⠻ ⠛⠿⠿⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⢸⣿⣿⡀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠈⠀⠀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠈⠉⠙⠳⠼ ⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠙⠛⠛⠛⠛⠻⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠂⣾⣿⣇⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣄⠀⠘⣿⣄⡝⣶⣦⣄⣀⠀ ⢀⣿⣶⣶⡶⠊⠁⢉⣿⣶⣦⡤⠠⢤⣤⣤⣀⣀⣀⡀⠐⠀⠈⠉⠉⠀⠈⡙⢛⠟⠛⠋⠁⠀⠀⠉⢻⠻⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⣿⣿⣿⣧⠜⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⢸⣶⠘⣿⣿⣿⣷ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⡿⠁⢀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢀⣤⣤⠀⢤⣤⣄⡀⣠⣤⡄⢠⣶⣤⣄⡀⠀⠈⢻⣟⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠃⠀⠻⠿⠿⠁⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠸⠉⠔⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠋⠉⠻⢟⣷⣴⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⢸⣿⠃⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣀⡈⠘⠲⠌⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠉⠁⣠⣶⣿⣶⣶⣤⣶⣾⣿⠉⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⢌⠻⣿⣿ ⠀⣀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠘⠇⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠈⠀⠲⠎⠍⠛⠣⡀⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠈⠩⠈⠘⢻ ⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⣰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣤⣄⣀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠹⠛⠛⠛⠋⠁⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⢠⣤⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⡻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠁⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠆⠀⠀⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣤⡀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⢼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡧⠀⠀⣴⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1363 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/HowTo_Geek_on_Applications_HowTos.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/HowTo_Geek_on_Applications_HowTos.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ HowTo Geek on Applications, HowTos⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Dec 30, 2025 § Applications⠀➾ * ⚓ HowTo Geek ☛ 3_popular_apps_I_always_run_in_headless_mode_so_they_don’t clutter_my_desktop⠀⇛ As more applications have been released, it feels like the fight for screen space is filled with unnecessary clutter. We often have status bars, background processes, or media players running, but really don't need to look at them. What's cool is that a lot of software we rely on daily can run completely without a GUI. When an app runs headless, it offloads the heavy job of rendering the entire user interface. This is so useful that there are some applications I wouldn't want to use without headless mode, and you may not have realized that this option exists. If you use the apps below, maybe try ditching that window to see if things aren't better overall. * ⚓ HowTo Geek ☛ Please_stop_lowering_your_standards_for_open_source software⠀⇛ I love open-source software, and it's been essential to my needs over the years. I've used GIMP when I couldn't afford Photoshop. Scribus when I needed to design a book for college, and OpenOffice for the Linux netbook that got me through post- grad. I owe open-source software a lot, and it's too important to hold it to a lower standard than the closed-source for- profit stuff. § Stop pretending busted UX is “fine because it’s free” Open-source projects are often backed by talented coders, but I guess talented UX professionals don't like to work for free (or for donations), because, compared to commercial closed-source software, FOSS interfaces are generally bare-bones and sometimes barely functional. A part of the problem is that, in some cases, the look and feel of this software isn't the result of unified guidance, and lots of people are working on small parts of the elephant without the big picture. If there is even a big picture. Some tools are convoluted to use, hard to find, menus lack logic, and to be proficient you just have to learn all the oddities of the app. * § Instructionals/Technical⠀➾ o ⚓ HowTo Geek ☛ SSH_over_bad_Wi-Fi_is_miserable—this_CLI_tool_fixes it⠀⇛ If you've ever logged in to SSH and had your connection drop, you might have found yourself banging on your keyboard in frustration. One day, I found the solution to SSH connection drops over one Fourth of July weekend. o ⚓ HowTo Geek ☛ These_Linux_tools_behave_differently_when_piped,_and it’s_not_a_bug⠀⇛ If you have any experience with the Linux command line, you’ve probably used a pipe to solve tasks by combining simple programs. It’s the UNIX way. A pipe connects one program’s output stream to another’s input, but there can be more going on behind the scenes than meets the eye. o ⚓ HowTo Geek ☛ 7_ways_to_create_an_empty_file_in_Linux_(and_what each_one_teaches_you)⠀⇛ On Linux, there’s always more than one way to do something. Whether you run a command, use a GUI app, or write your own program, there are plenty of methods to get things done. But each one can teach us something new about the operating system we use. Learn about Linux’s black hole, a command to install other commands, how to script Vim, and more! ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1476 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/HowTos_How_To_Geek_and_Linuxiac.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/HowTos_How_To_Geek_and_Linuxiac.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ HowTos: How-To Geek and Linuxiac⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Rianne Schestowitz on Dec 30, 2025 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇chromebook⦈_ * ⚓ How_to_turn_a_Chromebook_into_a_Linux_server⠀⇛ Here is a fact-based summary of the story contents: If you're like many people, you or a family member has had a low-specced Chromebook collecting dust in the closet for years. I'm one of those people too, and I decided to finally put mine to use by installing Linux on it and setting up a simple server. Here's what I did and what I ended up with. * ⚓ The_writing_is_on_the_wall_for_X11_on_Linux,_here's_what_is_replacing it⠀⇛ If you use a Linux desktop, you might be confused about Wayland and how it's taking over from the traditional X11 display server that's been a part of Linux for so long. Here's why Wayland is taking over, how to prepare, and why you might be using Wayland already without knowing it. * ⚓ How_to_Upgrade_to_Pop!_OS_24.04_LTS_from_22.04_LTS⠀⇛ Pop!_OS 24.04 LTS has arrived, bringing a wide range of improvements covered in our article on the release. The main highlight, of course, is the brand-new COSMIC 1.0 desktop environment. By contrast, users of Pop!_OS 22.04 LTS are still running its predecessor, a heavily customized version of the GNOME desktop, built with System76’s own patches and modifications. Given that, it’s only natural for many users to want to move to Pop!_OS 24.04 LTS to take advantage of the new features. Thankfully, System76 has made the upgrade process straightforward, and you’ve come to the right place to find out exactly how to do it. ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠙⠛⠛⠛⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⢀⣠⣄⣀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠉⠉⠛⠉⠀⠠⠄⠀⢀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠊⠁⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠄⠀⠀⠀⠉⠐⠒⣒⣶⣦⣤⣤⣤⣄⣀⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠒⠒⠒⠶⠦⠤⠤⠤⠄⠀⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠿⠿⠿⠻⣟⠂⠀⠀⠀⢛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣤⣤⣤⣤⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣶⠶⠿⠂⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣆⣿⣧⣤⣤⣾⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣯⣤⠜⠟⠘⠋⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡀⡀⡀⢠⣤⡖⠒⠒⠀⢿⡄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⡇⡟⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⢸⡇⠘⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⡇⠀⡇⣇⢻⣿⣤⣤⣤⠸⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠙⠛⠛⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⡇⠀⠇⢹⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠂⠠⠄⠉⠉⠛⠛⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⡇⠀⠀⢸⡟⠿⠿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⢀⡉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⠀⠀⢨⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣮⣷⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠢⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣼⣿⣷⣶⣤⣤⣀⣤⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠛⠃⠶⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣀⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⠟⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣠⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣶⣠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠔⣺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠋⠁⠀⢠⣴⡶⠀⠤⣀⣤⡶⠊⠀⠀⢰⣬⣙⡻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⣤⣄⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⢯⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣶⣄⠰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠂⠀⢀⡽⠋⠉⠒⠤⣀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣷⣯⣟⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠒⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⡿⢸⠃⠁⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠛⠻⠿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1563 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/Hyprland_0_53_Lands_With_Window_Rule_Rewrite_and_Dozens_of_Fixe.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/Hyprland_0_53_Lands_With_Window_Rule_Rewrite_and_Dozens_of_Fixe.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Hyprland 0.53 Lands With Window Rule Rewrite and Dozens of Fixes⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Rianne Schestowitz on Dec 30, 2025 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Hyprland⦈_ Quoting: Hyprland 0.53 Lands With Window Rule Rewrite and Dozens of Fixes — Nearly two months after the previous 0.52 release, Hyprland, a favorite among fans of eye-pleasing tiling window compositors, has just rolled out version 0.53. The most significant change is the complete overhaul of the window rule system. The syntax has been rewritten from the ground up, making existing configurations incompatible without manual updates. In light of this, users are required to migrate their rules using the new format documented in the project’s wiki. Alongside this, fullscreen behavior has been reworked, with the previous options replaced by a new unified misc:new_window_takes_over_fs setting that simplifies how fullscreen inheritance is handled. Read_on ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⡇⠐⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⠇⠀⣿⣿⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣶⠀⠀⢰⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢵⣏⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣴⣿⡿⠋⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣤⣤⣼⡇⢲⡄⣴⢷⣶⠳⣶⣰⣶⠻⣻⡧⢳⣟⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣼⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣷⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⠀⠀⢸⡇⠈⣿⠏⢸⣯⣤⡿⢻⣿⡀⢿⣧⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⠇⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠞⠋⠀⠸⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠈⠈⠁⠁⠀⠀⠀⠐⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⣶⣶⣶⣴⣶⣦⣶⣶⠀⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣰⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⢿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣦⢀⡶⣦⠀⣶⠦⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⣿⣷⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣬⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⢸⡏⣿⣿⣿⣿⢨⡧⣿⠐⡟⣿⣘⣿⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣾⣿⠿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠋⠙⠋⠉⠉⠉⠛⠀⠙⠋⠙⠋⠙⠘⠁⠙⠋⠛⠙⠀⠛⠋⠋⠙⠋⠙⠋⠀⠀⠉⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠻⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1628 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/Jose_E_Marchesi_GNU_Project_Adopts_Gemini_Protocol_Starts_Capsu.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/Jose_E_Marchesi_GNU_Project_Adopts_Gemini_Protocol_Starts_Capsu.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Jose E. Marchesi (GNU Project) Adopts Gemini Protocol, Starts Capsule⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Dec 30, 2025 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Homepage_of_Jose_E._Marchesi⦈_ ⚓ Gemini_capsule_capsule.jemarch.net⠀⇛ by Jose E. Marchesi Recently I have been using Gemini, a sort of a modernized Gopher, more and more, and have finally decided to create and maintain my own Gemini capsule, that you can find at gemini://capsule.jemarch.net. The plan, moving forward, is to publish basically the same contents in both www and gemini versions of this homepage. Salud! ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⢿⣍⣹⣏⣏⣯⣃⣿⣻⣿⣉⣟⣿⣯⣿⣇⣈⣉⣹⣻⣩⣉⡉⣝⣿⣟⣽⣿⣿⣺⣫⣙⣍⣿⣇⣟⣿⣇⣼⣹⣹⣙⣈⣍⣏⣟⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⢻⠏⠘⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⡟⠻⠿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣀⠐⠀⠖⢊⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⣿⡀⣉⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣵⣯⣯⣿⣿⣯⣦⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣽⣽⣼⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⣯⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣾⣿⣾⣝⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⡻⠻⠷⠖⢂⣾⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1682 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/Kernel_Facebook_Takes_Gaming_Patch_for_the_Online_Game_Addictio.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/Kernel_Facebook_Takes_Gaming_Patch_for_the_Online_Game_Addictio.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Kernel: Facebook Takes Gaming Patch for the Online Game (Addiction) That is "Facebook", Torvalds Needs to Give NVIDIA the Finger Again⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Dec 30, 2025 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇When_Linux_CEO_Linus_Torvalds_warned_the_world_about_NVIDIA, called_it_the_‘worst_company_we've_worked_with’⦈_ * ⚓ That's_a_crossover_we_never_saw_coming_-_Facebook_borrows_the_Linux scheduler_from_the_Steam_Deck_to_help_run_its_data_centers⠀⇛ Meta has revealed that it is deploying a Linux CPU scheduler originally designed for Valve’s Steam Deck across parts of its production server fleet. The scheduler, known as SCX-LAVD, was created to reduce latency in handheld gaming systems, yet Meta engineers now say it can address scheduling inefficiencies on large server machines. This announcement is interesting because it links consumer gaming hardware directly to hyperscale infrastructure decisions. * ⚓ If_You_Have_an_Older_NVIDIA_GPU_on_Arch_Linux,_Your_System_Might_Be Broken⠀⇛ Arch Linux attracts people who want to stay on the bleeding edge of what Linux has to offer. Its adoption has been steadily increasing over the years. Linux desktop market share data shows Arch (and derivatives) usage growing. Several derivatives like CachyOS, Manjaro Linux, EndeavourOS, and SteamOS have become popular choices, with the latter being Valve's operating system that provides a console-like gaming experience on the Steam Deck handheld. Arch's rolling release approach usually works well, but the latest NVIDIA driver update has left some users with broken systems. * ⚓ When_Linux_CEO_Linus_Torvalds_warned_the_world_about_NVIDIA,_called_it the_‘worst_company_we've_worked_with’⠀⇛ In 2012, the Linux CEO was addressing a public Q&A session when he called Nvidia the ‘worst’ company he had ever dealt with. An old video of the conversation has resurfaced, where Torvalds explained why he thinks so. ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣴⣶⣶⣤⣄⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⡄⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠁⣠⣴⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡛⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣈⡿⠿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⢿⡿⣿⣿⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣶⣶⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⣦⡄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣶⣶⣶⣦⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣄⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣍⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⢸⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠟⠋⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⣠⣽⣿⡟⠉⠉⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣾⣿⣿⣯⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⢘⠽⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣈⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣐⠬⠐⣐⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢉⡀⢿⣿⣿⠛⠉⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣁⣾⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⡿⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⣠⣀⡀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⡭⢭⣿⡏⠭⣽⣿⡟⣿⢻⣿⡟ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣛⠻⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢚⣿⣿⣧⣽⣿⣿⣇⣷⣹⣿⣇ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠉⠋⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠛⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⠟⠿⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⣺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠂⡉⠁⠀⠨⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⠿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠷⠶⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⢌⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣤⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠜⠟⣛⣟⡓⠄⠀⠉⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⣶⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣷⡄⠀⠀⢾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣷⣄⡀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1795 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/Kubernetes_v1_35_and_Kubernetes_on_GNU_Linux_on_Z.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/Kubernetes_v1_35_and_Kubernetes_on_GNU_Linux_on_Z.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Kubernetes v1.35 and Kubernetes on GNU/ Linux on Z⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Dec 30, 2025 * ⚓ Kubernetes Blog ☛ Kubernetes_v1.35:_Introducing_Workload_Aware Scheduling⠀⇛ Scheduling large workloads is a much more complex and fragile operation than scheduling a single Pod, as it often requires considering all Pods together instead of scheduling each one independently. For example, when scheduling a machine learning batch job, you often need to place each worker strategically, such as on the same rack, to make the entire process as efficient as possible. At the same time, the Pods that are part of such a workload are very often identical from the scheduling perspective, which fundamentally changes how this process should look. * ⚓ Kubernetes_on_GNU/Linux_on_Z⠀⇛ This year, I had the task of setting up a Kubernetes environment on a GNU/Linux Partition on a s390x system. At first sight, this sounds easy, there are offerings out there that you can purchase. The second look however can make you wonder. There is a structural mismatch between typical GNU/ Linux on Z environments and Kubernetes: While GNU/Linux on Z typically uses two datacenters as two high availability zones, Kubernetes requires you two have at least three. ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1844 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/Linux_Ready_SL1680_OPTIMA_SoM_Targets_Embedded_Systems_with_Syn.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/Linux_Ready_SL1680_OPTIMA_SoM_Targets_Embedded_Systems_with_Syn.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Linux-Ready SL1680 OPTIMA SoM Targets Embedded Systems with Synaptics SL1680⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Rianne Schestowitz on Dec 30, 2025 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇SL1680_OPTIMA_Eval_Kit_Peripherals⦈_ Quoting: Linux-Ready SL1680 OPTIMA SoM Targets Embedded Systems with Synaptics SL1680 — On the software side, the platform supports Yocto Project–based Linux distributions, with Linux kernel 6.12 listed among the available releases. Android support is also mentioned by the vendor, with details available on request. Documentation for both the SoM and the evaluation board is available through the company’s online resources, including datasheets and hardware design files. Read_on ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⡋⣟⢝⣙⣯⣟⢯⠛⣿⣛⣛⣛⣯⣛⣟⣙⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣙⣹⢭⡏⢽⠿⣻⣻⢛⡿⣻⢿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢙⡻⠿⣟⢻⠛⣿⢛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⡿⡿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣷⣶⣾⣾⣿⣷⣶⣴⣾⣿⣼⣷⣷⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣟⣻⣿⢿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠛⢛⡛⠋⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣷⣷⣿⡿⣾⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠉⠉⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠂⠀⠋⠋⠀⢀⣀⣀⣀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⡿⡫⢿⡟⠿⣻⣯⣿⡻⢿⠿⡿⢿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⢉⡁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⣻⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⡣⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠛⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣙⣉⣿⣙⣝⣏⣹⣹⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣬⣥⣯⣿⣧⣯⣽⣷⣽⣶⣿⣯⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡆⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣭⣦⣷⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣾⣷⣷⣮⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠧⠤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⠿⣿⢿⣿⡿⢿⡿⠿⡻⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⢛⣻⡻⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣷⣶⣾⣾⣾⣾⣷⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⡀⠀⢠⣄⣀⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠾⠎⢛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⣿⣿⣿⣿⢼⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⠴⠶⠖⠛⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⠛⡿⡿⠿⢻⡻⠿⠿⢻⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢹⣟⢋⣑⠙⢙⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣠⣤⣤⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣗⠈⠈⠈⢤⡤⠔⠒⠺⠀⡴⠶⠚⠛⠋⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣀⣠⣤⣴⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠀⠠⠾⠒⠚⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣤⣴⣶⣶⣾⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡻⣟⣿⣟⣟⣿⢿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⡀⣀⣀⢠⣤⣤⣶⣶⣶⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣫⣿⣯⣟⣿⣟⣹⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣽⣧⣏⣇⣺⣘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣹⣝⣋⣫⣏⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠻⣻⢛⢻⢟⣟⡿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣽⣧⣶⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 1913 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/Make_GNOME_s_App_Grid_Scroll_Vertically_Like_it_Used_to.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/Make_GNOME_s_App_Grid_Scroll_Vertically_Like_it_Used_to.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Make GNOME’s App Grid Scroll Vertically (Like it Used to)⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Rianne Schestowitz on Dec 30, 2025 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Vertical_App_Grid:_does_what_it_says_on_the_tin⦈_ Quoting: Make GNOME's App Grid Scroll Vertically (Like it Used to) — Y’know, the way it used to, pre-GNOME 40. GNOME 40’s switch to horizontal app grid scrolling in 2021 irked a few of the desktop’s mice-favouring aficionados. Their main gripe? Mouse scroll wheel to move horizontally feels off1. Thankfully (for those put out at least) GNOME Shell is malleable; the way it behaves isn’t the way it has to stay. A number of extensions that redress, revert or rejig changes to suit those who prefer vertical UX elements (workspaces, app grid, dock, etc). The latest such extension is Vertical App Grid which does exactly it says: you scroll your a list of app shortcuts (assuming you’ve enough apps installed, or rearranged the ones you have across separate pages) up/down rather than left/right... Read_on ⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⡏⠷⠾⠆ ⢠⣴⡆⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢶⠁⠀ ⠈⠉⠁⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣃⡀⠀ ⢸⣿⡿⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡅⠀⠀ ⢀⣤⡄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠄⠀⠀⠄⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀ ⠘⠟⠃⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⣀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀ ⠰⠆⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⡯⠀ ⠈⣀⡁⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⠬⠀ ⠸⢿⠇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣯⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠞⠀⠀ ⢠⣤⡄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⠀⠀ ⠈⠛⠃⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⡧⠀⠀ ⢰⣶⡆⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠧⠀⠀ ⢀⣍⡁⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢖⣂⢀⠀ ⠸⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠿⡯⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢯⠿⠞⠫⠉⠑⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣷⣷⠁⠀⠙⡁⣿⣷⣶⠀⠉⠛⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣝⠟⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⠍⠕⣽⠏⢿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⠀⠈⠁⠉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢷⠟⢒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡻⡛⡛⠟⠓⠁⠀⠀⠘⠓⠂⠀⠀⠀⠘⠒⠒⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠻⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣵⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠛⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⢍⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀ ⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠋⠉⠈⢹⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⣾⣾⣷⠄⠀⠀⠀⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠻⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⣈ ⠀⠀⠀⢸⣹⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣉⣍⡉⠀⠀⠀⠀⣛⣛⣋⠀⠀⠀⠀⢛⣛⡛⠀⠀⠀⠀⢈⣛⣋⠀⠀⠀⢀⣛⣻⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⡳⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣴⣽⣿ ⢠⣤⣤⢸⣼⣿⡃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⢹⢹⣽⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠷⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢴⣾⣿⣿⣿ ⠸⠿⠿⢸⣿⣿⡃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠘⢺⡻⣺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⣀⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡷⡶⠏⠷⠶⠆ ⢠⣴⡆⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣯⣬⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠉⠁⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣯⠀⠀⠀ ⢸⣿⡷⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⠀⠀⠀ ⢀⣤⡄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠄⠀⠀⠄⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡂⠀⠀ ⠘⠟⠃⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢧⠀⠀ ⠰⠆⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⢟⡁⠈⠀ ⠀⣀⡁⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣞⡀⠈⠀ ⠸⠿⠇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣯⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠄⠀⠀ ⢠⣤⡄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡁⠀⠀ ⠈⠛⠃⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⡂⠀⠀ ⢰⣶⡆⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠦⠀⠀ ⢀⣍⡁⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢖⡀⠀⠀ ⠸⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠛⢻⣿⣟⢿⡻⢟⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡯⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀ 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⠈⠛⠁⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⡠⣿⣿ ⢠⣶⡆⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢾⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⡀⢠⣧⣿⣿ ⢀⣉⡁⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠴⠾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣩⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿ ⠸⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⡟⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠋⢹⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⠀⠀⠉⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣬⣥⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⢈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣌⠟⣡⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⢿⣿⣿⢀⠀⠤⠆⣿⠐⠛⠻⠿⠛⢿⡇⡀⢠⠔⡎⣿⣿⠛⠓⣻⣿⣿⠙⢇⣀⠬⣻⣿⣿⠛⠻⣿⣿⢱⣯⣁⣌⣷⡙⢻⣿⣿⠀⠀⢶⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠋⠉⠚⠓⠓⠞⢛⣿⠀⠒⠉⠁⡇⠀⢀⣀⣀⣀⣸⡇⠀⠚⠉⢙⣿⠛⠋⣀⣸⣿⣿⣄⡠⠇⣀⣼⣿⣿⣻⣋⢻⣿⡞⢻⣿⣿⣿⡷⠺⠔⠴⠀⠀⣑⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠁⠀⠀⠙⠛⠛⠻⠿⣿⠻⠟⠛⠙⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣾⣿⣴⡖⠒⢲⠀⠀⣽⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣏⣉⣉⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣘⣿⣟⣿⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣉⣉⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠛⠻⠿⣛⡛⢻⣟⠂⠀⠐⠀⡊⣞⣛⣛⣛⡀⠀⢀⢿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣉⣉⡉⠀⠀⠀⠀⣙⠃⡀⠼⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠨⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣀⠀⠈⠻⠻⣿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠱⠤⢴⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠁⢀⠅⠉⠈⠁⠀⠀⣲⢿⣿ ⢠⣤⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠒⠂⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⡄⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⢀⠴⠒⠢⢦⡃⠀⠀⣠⣾⡃⢀⠀⠤⣖⢿⡄⢼⣿⣿⣿⡁⢀⣴⣤⣄⠀⣼⠥⣿⣿ ⠸⠿⠿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠃⠀⠀⠈⠀⠐⠠⠾⣻⣿⣇⠛⠑⢓⡚⢓⡂⢺⣿⣿⣿⠟⠛⠛⠛⠿⠈⡿⠹⣿⣿ ⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠆⠶⠰⠆⠶⠖⠂ ⢠⣴⡆⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣗⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠉⠁⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢸⣿⡷⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢀⣤⡄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠄⠀⠀⠄⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠘⠛⠃⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠰⠆⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣀⡁⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠸⠿⠇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣯⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢠⣤⡄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠬⠝⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠬⠜⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⡱⢉⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣛⠓⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠈⠛⠁⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠠⣿⣿ ⢠⣶⡆⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣍⣙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⡀⢠⣧⣿⣿ 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⠀⠉⠁⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢸⣿⡷⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢀⣤⡄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠄⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠘⠛⠃⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠰⠆⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣀⡀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠸⠿⠇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣯⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢠⣤⡄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠬⠝⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠬⠜⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⡱⢈⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣛⠓⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠈⠛⠁⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠠⣿⣿ ⢠⣶⡆⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣍⣽⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠛⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⡀⢠⣧⣿⣿ ⢀⣉⡁⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠠⠀⣎⣹⢸⣿⣍⣽⣿⣿⣿⡏⠠⠀⣉⡅⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠑⠤⠒⢪⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⡯⣿⣶⣶⣼⣏⡟⣋⣩⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿ ⠸⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⡟⢻⣤⣬⣥⣤⣿⠏⢠⠉⢍⣿⣿⣷⣴⣭⣤⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣴⣯⣤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⠀⠀⠩⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠇⢀⣸⣮⡍⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠰⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣷⢿⣯⣭⣽⣽⣷⣷⡔⠛⠻⠟⢓⣶⣿⣽⣿⣽⣯⣿⣿⣿⡓⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⢿⣿⢿⣵⣯⣽⣿⣿⣿⡿⣻⣿⠀⠀⢶⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠋⠉⠚⣟⠙⢸⢛⣷⣤⣶⣽⣿⣿⡇⢀⣀⣀⣸⣿⣿⡇⠚⠉⢐⣿⣿⣿⣇⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡞⣻⣿⣿⣿⡷⠺⠔⠴⠀⠀⠑⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠁⠀⠀⠙⠛⠛⠻⠻⠟⠛⠛⠻⣯⠽⠭⡄⠀⠀⠀⠈⠽⠍⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠄⠸⣿⣿⡿⠯⣵⣷⣿⣿⣿⡯⢭⢽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣰⡖⠒⢲⠀⠀⣽⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣇⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢻⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣘⣛⣛⣗⣀⣾⢿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⢈⣹⣿⣿⠟⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⡿⣿⣿⢲⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣛⣛⣛⡀⠀⢀⢿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣹⣿⣯⡀⠀⠀⠀⣶⣶⣶⡼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⣨⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣷⣶⡦⠨⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⢶⣶⣿⣿⣷⣴⣦⣧⣴⣎⡁⠈⠁⠀⠀⣶⣿⣿ ⢠⣤⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⠿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠻⠿⠟⠂⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠄⠀⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⢿⠿⠗⠢⢯⠛⠛⠛⠛⠋⡃⢉⠀⠬⣿⢿⡇⠄⠰⣶⣴⠀⢀⣴⣤⣄⠀⡌⢥⣿⣿ ⠸⠿⠿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣋⣉⡛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⢛⣛⣻⣿⣿⣿⠛⠁⠀⠀⠈⠀⠐⠠⠅⣢⣴⣇⠛⠑⢓⣻⢛⡃⢲⣶⣼⣷⠖⠒⠚⠛⠟⠈⡏⠰⣾⣿ ⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠆⠶⠰⠆⠶⠖⠂ ⢠⣴⡆⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡖⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠉⠁⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢸⣿⡷⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ 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⠰⠆⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣀⡀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠸⠿⠇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣯⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢠⣤⡄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠬⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠬⠜⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⡱⢈⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣛⠓⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠈⠛⠁⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⣤⣿⣿ ⢠⣶⡆⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⡀⢠⣿⣿⣿ ⢀⣈⡁⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣉⣭⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡙⣋⣉⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿ ⠸⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⢠⠉⢍⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⠀⠀⢩⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⣸⣮⡍⠉⣿⡿⠿⢿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣶⢿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⡝⠛⠻⠗⢃⣶⣿⠚⠘⠀⢹⣿⣿⣿⡓⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⢿⣿⢿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡻⣿⠀⠀⢶⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠐⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠋⠉⠚⣏⠙⢨⢛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢀⣀⣀⣸⣿⣿⡦⠤⠴⢟⣿⣿⣿⣇⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠻⠿⠿⠿⡗⠦⠄⠴⠀⠀⠻⣿⢿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠙⠓⠛⠻⠻⠓⠋⠋⠫⣯⠽⠭⡄⠀⠀⠀⠈⠽⠍⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠆⠸⣿⡿⡟⠯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡯⠭⢽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⠶⠾⠖⠯⢠⡖⠒⢲⠀⠀⣽⡿⢿ 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⠈⠛⠁⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⣼⣿⣿ ⢠⣶⡆⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⢠⣿⣿⣿ ⢀⣉⡁⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣛⣹⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿ ⠸⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⡟⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⡏⢠⡉⢍⣿⣿⡏⠛⠛⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣷⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⢀⣸⣮⡍⠹⣿⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡝⠛⠻⠟⢓⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡓⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢷⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠟⠉⠛⣟⠙⢸⢛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⢰⣀⣀⣹⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⢟⣿⣿⣿⣏⣺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡿⢿⣻⠿⡿⠾⠔⠴⠀⠀⣻⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠈⠉⠋⠝⠈⠉⠙⠛⠛⠿⣿⣿⠿⠿⢿⣿⠿⠭⡄⠀⠀⠀⠈⠽⠍⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠆⠸⣿⣿⡿⠯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡯⢭⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣽⣵⣽⣼⡿⣶⡖⠒⢲⠀⠀⣽⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣇⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣘⣛⣻⣗⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⣈⣿⣿⣿⣯⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣛⣻⣛⡀⠀⢸⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣹⣿⣯⡀⠀⠀⠀⣶⣶⣶⡼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⣨⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⡦⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⠕⠒⠛⠁⠙⢿⣿⡿⣿⣿⡩⠈⠑⠀⠀⣾⢿⣿ ⢠⣤⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⠿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠻⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⢠⡄⠀⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⠿⠟⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⠾⣿⢿⡷⠰⠶⠶⠶⠿⣆⣴⣤⣄⠀⡼⠶⣿⣿ ⠸⠿⠿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡅⠀⠀⠀⠀⢛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠁⠀⠀⠈⠉⢋⡍⠉⠉⠉⣩⣝⠑⢓⣻⢛⡀⠀⡀⠀⠀⢀⡓⡻⠛⠿⠘⡿⠚⡛⢿ ⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠆⠶⠰⠆⠶⠶⠆ ⢠⣴⡆⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡆⢀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠉⠁⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢸⣿⡷⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣂⠄⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢀⣤⡄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠄⠀⠀⠄⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠘⠟⠃⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣅⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠰⠆⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠗⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣀⡁⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠸⠿⠇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⠛⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢠⣤⡄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠬⠝⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠬⠝⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⡱⢉⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣛⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠈⠛⠁⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠁⠀⣼⣿⣿ ⢠⣶⡆⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⢠⣿⣿⣿ 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⠀⠉⠁⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢸⣿⡷⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢀⣤⡄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠄⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠘⠛⠃⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠰⠆⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣀⡀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠸⠿⠇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣯⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢠⣤⡄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠬⠝⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠬⠜⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⡱⢈⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣛⠓⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠈⠛⠁⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠛⣾⣿⣿ ⢠⣶⡆⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⢠⣿⣿⣿ ⢀⣈⡁⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣍⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣋⣩⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿ ⠸⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⢠⠉⢍⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿ 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⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠟⠉⠛⣟⠙⢸⢻⣿⡿⠿⠿⣿⣿⡏⢰⣀⣀⣹⣿⡿⡿⠿⠿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣏⣺⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⣛⣛⣻⢿⣿⠾⠔⠴⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠈⠉⠙⠛⠛⠿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⣿⠿⠭⡄⠀⠀⠀⠈⠽⠍⢿⡇⣀⢠⠒⡆⣿⠆⠸⣿⣿⡿⢿⢀⠀⡔⢲⢸⡯⢭⣽⣿⣿⣿⡏⠸⢤⠤⠬⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣾⣥⣤⣸⣇⣶⡖⠒⢲⠀⠈⣽⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣇⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣇⣀⣚⣈⣁⣿⠀⣘⣛⣻⣗⣸⣀⣘⣋⣉⣸⣧⡀⠀⣈⣹⣿⣷⣤⣜⣃⡴⣻⡿⣿⣛⡿⣿⣧⠋⢿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣛⣻⣛⡀⠀⢻⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣹⣿⣯⡀⠀⠀⠀⣶⣶⣶⡼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠁⣨⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⡦⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⠍⠡⠑⠒⠋⢷⠶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⡭⠈⠑⠀⢴⣾⣿⣾ ⢠⣤⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⠿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠻⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⢠⡄⠀⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⠿⠟⢺⡟⡉⠠⠁⠂⠀⠀⠀⠓⠾⣿⢿⡷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣆⣴⣤⣄⠄⡄⢾⣿⣿ ⠸⠿⠿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢐⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡅⠀⠀⠀⠀⢟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⢐⣓⣻⠛⢀⢀⣀⣐⡀⡀⡓⡻⠛⠿⠘⡿⢚⣛⣿ ⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠆⠶⠰⠆⠶⠶⠆ ⢠⣴⡆⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡆⢀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠉⠁⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢸⣿⡷⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣂⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢀⣤⡄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠄⠀⠀⠄⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠘⠛⠃⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣅⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠰⠆⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠗⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣀⡁⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠸⠿⠇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣯⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⠛⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢠⣤⡄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠬⠝⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠬⠝⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⡱⢉⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣛⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠈⠛⠁⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠛⣾⣿⣿ ⢠⣶⡆⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⣤⣿⣿⣿ ⢀⣉⡁⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣛⣩⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿ ⠸⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⡟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⢠⡉⢍⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣷⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⢀⣸⣮⡝⢻⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⡿⠀⠒⢿⡟⢻ ⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡝⠛⠻⠟⢓⣾⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡓⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢾⣧⣼ ⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠟⠉⠛⣟⠙⢸⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⢰⣀⣀⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⠾⠔⠴⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠉⠈⠉⠙⠛⠛⠿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⣿⠿⠭⡄⠀⠀⠀⠈⠽⠍⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠆⠸⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡯⢭⢽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣮⣽⣾⣿⣿⣰⡖⠒⢲⠀⠈⣝⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣇⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣘⣛⣻⣗⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⣈⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣛⡿⣿⣧⠫⢿⠿⠿⣿⣋⣛⣻⣛⡀⠐⢻⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣹⣿⣯⡀⠀⠀⠀⣶⣶⣶⡼⡏⠉⠉⡩⡍⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⣨⣿⠉⠉⢉⣭⢹⣯⣷⣶⡦⣼⣿⣿⢻⡉⢈⣙⣿⣿⡗⠑⠖⠫⠱⣠⣞⢉⠛⣮⢉⡩⠈⠁⠀⠴⣾⣿⣿ ⢠⣤⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⠿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠻⠿⠿⢿⡇⠈⠴⠐⠃⣿⡀⢠⡄⠀⠛⣿⠀⠡⠔⠚⢸⣿⢿⠿⠗⢺⣿⣷⡀⣸⠅⢀⡿⣿⡇⠾⣿⢿⡧⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⣴⣤⣄⠀⡄⢾⣿⣿ ⠸⠿⠿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢐⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⡅⠀⠀⠀⠀⢟⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⡛⠁⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣭⡬⠓⢓⣻⠛⢠⣠⣭⣍⣙⣋⣓⡻⠛⠿⠈⣿⣼⣿⣿ ⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠆⠶⠰⠆⠶⠖⠂ ⢠⣴⡆⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣗⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠉⠁⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢸⣿⡷⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢀⣤⡄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠄⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠘⠛⠃⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠰⠆⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣀⡀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠸⠿⠇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣯⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢠⣤⡄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠬⠝⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠬⠜⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⡱⢈⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣛⠓⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠈⠛⠁⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠛⣾⣿⣿ ⢠⣶⡆⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⢤⣿⣿⣿ ⢀⣈⡁⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣍⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⣋⣩⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿ ⠸⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⡟⣿⢿⡿⠿⢿⣿⡏⢠⠉⢍⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⠿⠟⠀⠠⣿⠇⢀⣸⣮⡝⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡿⣿⡿⠀⠒⢻⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⢿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⡝⠛⠻⠟⢓⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡓⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣟⣼⡿⣿⣿⠀⠀⢾⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠋⠉⠚⣟⠙⢸⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢀⣀⣀⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣷⠾⠔⠴⠀⢰⣻⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠁⠀⠀⠙⠛⠛⠻⠿⣿⠻⠟⠻⣯⠿⠭⡄⠀⠀⠀⠈⠽⠍⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠆⠸⣿⡿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢭⢽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣍⠊⠈⢬⣁⡈⣰⡖⠒⢲⠀⠈⣝⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣇⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣘⣛⣛⣗⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⢈⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣛⡿⣿⣧⢠⣀⣀⣀⣀⣉⣛⣛⣛⡀⠀⢻⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣹⣿⣯⡀⠀⠀⠀⣶⣶⣶⡼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⣨⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣷⣶⡦⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠅⠀⠉⠁⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⠫⡉⠈⠁⠀⠴⣾⡏⢹ ⢠⣤⣤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⠿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠻⠿⠟⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠄⠀⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⠿⠗⢺⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠼⣿⢿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⢁⣴⣤⣄⠀⠀⢾⣧⣼ ⠸⠿⠿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢲⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡅⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠁⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢓⣻⠛⠀⠀⠰⠴⡶⠄⠒⠚⠛⠿⠀⢀⢶⣿⣿ ⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠆⠶⠰⠆⠶⠖⠂ ⢠⣴⡄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠉⠁⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣅⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢸⣿⡷⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢀⣤⡄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠄⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠘⠛⠃⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠰⠆⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣀⡀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠸⠿⠇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠾⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣯⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢠⣤⡄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠬⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠬⠜⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⡱⢈⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣛⠓⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠈⠛⠁⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠛⣾⣿⣿ ⢠⣶⡆⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⡀⢴⣿⣿⣿ ⢀⣈⡁⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⣉⣭⣭⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡙⣋⣉⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿ ⠸⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⡟⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣿⡏⢠⠉⢍⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⣸⣮⡝⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⡿⠀⠒⢻⣿⡿ ⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣶⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡝⠛⠻⠇⢃⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡓⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡻⢿⠀⠀⢾⣿⣷ ⠀⠀⠀⠐⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠋⠉⠚⣏⠙⢨⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢀⣀⣀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣖⠦⠄⠴⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠙⠓⠛⠻⠻⠓⠋⠋⠫⣯⠽⠭⡄⠀⠀⠀⠈⠽⠍⢿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠆⠸⣿⡿⡟⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠭⢽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣌⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⢠⡖⠒⢲⠀⠀⣕⢊⠿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢐⡇⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⣘⣛⣛⣗⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡀⠀⢈⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣛⡿⣿⡇⢀⣀⣀⣀⣀⡈⣛⣛⣛⡀⠀⢙⣷⣟ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣹⣿⣯⡀⠀⠀⠀⣶⣤⣴⡼⣿⣿⡟⠛⢻⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⣨⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⡆⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠉⠁⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⡁⠀⠀⠀⠠⣾⣿⣿ ⢠⣤⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⠿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠛⠟⠛⢿⣿⠉⠁⠀⢸⣿⡀⠀⠄⠀⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⠿⠗⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠬⣿⢿⡇⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⢀⣴⣤⣄⠀⠀⢼⣿⣿ ⠸⠿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢲⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡅⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠷⠁⠀⠀⢼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢓⣻⠛⠀⠈⣩⢭⣭⠍⠒⠚⠛⠏⠀⠀⠾⣿⣿ ⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠆⠶⠰⠆⠶⠖⠂ ⢠⣴⡆⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠉⠁⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢸⣿⡷⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢀⣤⡄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠄⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠘⠛⠃⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠰⠆⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣀⡁⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠸⠿⠇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣯⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠛⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢠⣤⡄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠬⠝⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠬⠜⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⡱⢈⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣛⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠈⠛⠁⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠛⣾⣿⣿ ⢠⣶⡆⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⢴⣿⣿⣿ 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⠀⠀⠀⠐⢟⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠙⠊⠈⠚⣏⠙⢻⣿⣿⣿⣽⡟⣹⣿⡇⢀⣀⢀⣀⣨⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⣀⡀⣀⣸⠚⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠃⠑⠀⢠⣽⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠓⠉⠙⠻⠓⠋⠉⠫⠯⠭⠭⠄⠀⠀⠀⠈⢽⣥⡴⢶⠿⠴⠎⣸⣿⠄⠰⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣀⢠⣴⣶⣶⣤⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣦⣽⠀⣻⣿⣿⣿⣟⠶⣶⣾⣾⠀⠀⣽⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢐⡇⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠍⠡⡠⣶⣷⣿⣿⣿⠀⣐⠿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡹⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⣿⡇⠻⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⢹⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣹⣿⣮⡀⠀⠀⠀⣶⣴⠒⠒⠒⠒⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠒⠒⠒⠒⠒⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡖⠒⠒⠐⠆⠙⠛⠓⠛⠈⠁⠐⠒⠒⠒⠉⠁⢰⠤⣴⣦⠔⠚⠒⠒⠒⠀⢰⣶⣵⣶ ⢠⣤⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⠿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠛⠛⠛⢷⣲⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠳⠖⠂⠊⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢐⢿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠨⡈⢀ ⠸⠿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠒⠒⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⠅⠀⠛⠛⢛⣩⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⠲⠐⠓⠒⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠘⠛⢛⠘⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠛⠁⠂⠀⠀⢶⣾⣷ ⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣽⣿⣿⣿⠆⠶⠰⠂⠶⠖⠂ ⢠⣴⡄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣝⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠉⠁⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢕⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢸⣿⡷⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡛⡗⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢀⣤⡄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⡎⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠘⠛⠃⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⡔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠰⠆⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡊⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⣀⡀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠰⠿⠇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠾⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣷⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⣿⣭⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⢠⣤⡄⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡃⠬⠙⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢬⡝⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⡱⢈⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠈⠛⠁⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠛⠛⣾⣿⣿ ⢠⣶⡆⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⣓⢻⣿⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⢴⣿⣿⣿ ⢀⣈⡁⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⡟⢻⠋⣛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡻⡟⠻⢹⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡛⠛⠛⠛⣫⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⠻⡻⡿⠃⠘⣿⣿⣿ ⠸⣿⡇⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣷⣾⣿⡏⢠⣽⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⡛⣋⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣲⣾⠀⠸⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠇⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣿⣿⠀⠒⢿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠸⣿⢽⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠉⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢨⣉⣻⣉⢹⢿⡿⣿⣿⣙⢋⣭⣭⣭⣍⠀⠀⢾⣹⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠐⠟⠿⠿⣿⣿⡿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠙⠊⠈⠘⣏⠙⢻⣿⣿⣿⣭⡟⣹⣿⡇⢀⣀⢀⣀⣨⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⣀⡀⣀⣸⠚⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣽⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠒⠉⠉⠛⠓⠋⠉⠡⠯⠭⠭⠄⠀⠀⠀⠈⢽⣥⡴⢶⠿⠴⠊⣸⣿⠄⠰⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣀⢠⣴⣶⣶⣤⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣴⣶⣦⣭⠀⣻⣿⣿⣿⣟⠶⣶⣶⣶⠀⠀⣽⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡇⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠍⠁⡠⣶⣷⣿⣿⣿⠀⣐⠿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡹⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⢿⡇⠻⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⠹⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣹⣿⣮⠀⠀⠀⠀⣶⣴⠒⠒⠒⠂⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠒⠒⠒⠒⠐⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡖⠒⠒⠐⠆⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⡖⠉⠁⢰⠤⣴⣦⠔⠒⠒⠒⠒⠀⢰⣶⣴⣶ ⢀⣤⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⠿⠟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠛⠛⠛⢷⣲⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡀⠀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠳⠖⠂⠊⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣇⠩⠅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀ ⠸⠿⠟⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠒⠒⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⠁⠀⠛⠛⢛⣩⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⠲⠐⠓⠒⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠘⣿⣿⣟⠘⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠚⠁⠂⠀⠀⢶⣶⣶ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 2443 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/Playing_A_Game_Of_Linux_On_Your_Sony_Playstation_2.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/Playing_A_Game_Of_Linux_On_Your_Sony_Playstation_2.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Playing A Game Of Linux On Your Sony Playstation 2⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Rianne Schestowitz on Dec 30, 2025 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Linux_and_playStation2⦈_ Quoting: Playing A Game Of Linux On Your Sony Playstation 2 — Until the 2000s, game consoles existed primarily to bring a bit of the gaming arcade experience to homes, providing graphical feats that the average home computer would struggle to emulate. By the 2000s this changed, along with the idea of running desktop applications on gaming console for some reason. Hence we got Linux for the PlayStation 2, targeting its MIPS R5900 CPU and custom GPU. Unlike these days where game consoles are reskinned gaming PCs, this required some real effort, as well as a veritable stack of accessories, as demonstrated by [Action Retro] in a recent video. Linux on the PlayStation 2 was a bit of a rare beast, as it required not only the optional HDD and a compatible ‘fat’ PS2, but also an Ethernet adapter, VGA adapter and a dedicated 8 MB memory card along with a keyboard and mouse. PS2 Linux users were also not free to do what they wanted, with e.g. ripping PS2 game discs disallowed, but you could make your own games. All of which had to fit within the PS2’s meagre 32 MB of RAM. Of these accessories, the keyboard and mouse are standard USB – sadly not PS/2 – peripherals. The 40 GB HDD is a Sony-branded IDE HDD, while the Ethernet adapter is proprietary and also has the IDE HDD connector. This means that the VGA and Ethernet adapter are the two parts you absolutely need to source alongside a compatible PS2. Linux is installed from the PS2 Linux DVD much like launching a game, with the memory card used for certain boot files. With it being based on Debian Linux, it should be quite familiar to most Linux users of the era, but there’s no fancy wizard to automagically do things like setting up the partitions. For this there is the paper manual to somewhat hold your hand. Read_on ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢛⣍⡻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⢣⣿⣿⣿⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⡿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠉⠉⠉⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠛⠸⢿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣤⣤⣤⣴⣶⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠐⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠘⢿⣿⡆⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠃⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠴⠰⣶⣶⣦⣤⣭⣭⣉⣙⣛⡛⠻⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⢻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣽⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣬⣭⣭⣍⣛⣛⣛⠻⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣫ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣟⣷⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠨⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠶⠶⣦⠬⠭⢭⢸⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠛⠛⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢲⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠉⠉⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠉⠙⣿⢹⡿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⠿⠛⠛⠛⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠋⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠉⠁⠉⠁⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢐⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 2523 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/Programming_Leftovers.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/Programming_Leftovers.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Programming Leftovers⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Dec 30, 2025 * ⚓ HowTo Geek ☛ Please_stop_treating_coding_tutorials_as_the_best_way_to learn_programming⠀⇛ Are you stuck in the coding tutorial loop? I used to be, but I realized that tutorials were actually holding me back when it came to my programming. Here’s how I realized coding tutorials were setting me up for failure, and how I fixed it. * ⚓ Daniel Stenberg ☛ no_strcpy_either⠀⇛ To make sure that the size checks cannot be separated from the copy itself we introduced a string copy replacement function the other day that takes the target buffer, target size, source buffer and source string length as arguments and only if the copy can be made and the null terminator also fits there, the operation is done. This made it possible to implement the replacement using memcpy (). Now we can completely ban the use of strcpy in curl source code, like we already did strncpy. * ⚓ Dark Reading ☛ SBOMs_in_2026:_Some_Love,_Some_Hate,_Much_Ambivalence⠀⇛ A software bill of materials (SBOMs) has been touted as a critical tool in solving software supply-chain security issues, but the rapid change of software ecosystems and the complexity of creating an end-to-end verified chain of code continue to foil widespread adoption. * ⚓ Jim Nielsen ☛ To_Make_Software_Is_To_Translate_Human_Intent_Into Computational_Precision⠀⇛ The work is the translation, from thought to tangible artifact. Like making a movie: everyone can imagine one, but it takes a director to produce one. This is also the work of software development: translation. You take an idea — which is often communicated via natural language — and you translate it into functioning software. That is the work. * ⚓ Bertrand Meyer ☛ Criteria_and_recipes_for_good_technical_definitions⠀⇛ Work in engineering, science or technology can only be effective if it relies on precisely defined concepts. For the fundamental notions taught at school, particularly in mathematics, physics, and chemistry, the definitions, honed over centuries, have become impeccable: integral, matrix, speed, mass, molecule… In engineering, definitions are often less satisfactory, sometimes giving the impression of following from a committee process where every member argued for the inclusion of his own pet idea, at the expense of the consistency of the result. If you ask around you will receive general advice stating that a definition should be clear, precise, unambiguous, complete… All good, but too general. A definition could satisfy several of these properties and still be flawed. In this article I will use examples – more precisely, counter-examples – from prestigious sources, analyze how they fail to achieve its goals, and draw some lessons for writing good definitions. * ⚓ Farid Zakaria ☛ Huge_binaries_|_Farid_Zakaria’s_Blog⠀⇛ Well let’s take a look at how position independent code is put- together. Let’s look at a simple example. * § Perl / Raku⠀➾ o ⚓ Rakulang ☛ 2025.52_Release_#188_&_State_of_the_Onion⠀⇛ Many thanks to all authors for the wonderful posts in this year’s Raku Advent. I hope that you enjoyed reading them as much as I did. Particular thanks to Elizabeth Mattijsen for her Raku 2025 Review, which I refer to as State of the Onion 2025 in homage to the Larry Wall annual reports of old. ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 2642 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/Retro_Hardware_Modding_and_ESP32.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/Retro_Hardware_Modding_and_ESP32.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Retro, Hardware, Modding and ESP32⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Dec 30, 2025 * ⚓ Hackaday ☛ 39C3:_Liberating_ESP32_Bluetooth⠀⇛ Bluetooth is everywhere, but it’s hard to inspect. Most of the magic is done inside a Bluetooth controller chip, accessed only through a controller-specific Host-Controller Interface (HCI) protocol, and almost everything your code does with Bluetooth passes through a binary library that speaks the right HCI dialect. Reverse engineering these libraries can get us a lot more control of and information about what’s going on over the radio link. * ⚓ Linux Gizmos ☛ Fanless_MS-CF19_3.5-inch_SBC_Uses_Intel_Meteor_Lake- U_and_Arrow_Lake-U⠀⇛ Processor options include Core Ultra 5 and Core Ultra 7 SKUs from both Meteor Lake-U and Arrow Lake-U families, with hybrid P-core and E-core configurations and integrated Intel graphics. Memory support consists of two DDR5 SO-DIMM slots operating at up to 5600 MHz or 6400 MHz depending on the processor, with a maximum capacity of 96 GB. * ⚓ John Calhoun ☛ Balsa_“2001:_A_Space_Odyssey”_Model⠀⇛ There are modest CO2 lasers that are fairly affordable and a reasonable size that allows you to place them on a desktop. One shortcoming however is the rather small area that they can act upon with their laser—about the size of a sheet of letter-size paper. The other shortcoming is that laser power is kind of middling. Something I really enjoy with a laser cutter however is cutting thin balsa parts with precision and assembling those pieces into a model aircraft—or even a model spacecraft. * ⚓ Doug Brown ☛ Finding_a_broken_trace_on_my_old_Mac_with_the_help_of_its ROM_diagnostics⠀⇛ This was a little frustrating because last year I had already replaced all of the capacitors and cleaned where they had leaked, so I didn’t expect to encounter any problems with it so soon. The machine had worked fine the last time I’d tried it! But despite all that, something was failing during the power-on tests in Apple’s ROM, prompting it to play the chimes of death. I remembered that people have been working towards documenting the Mac ROM startup tests and using them to diagnose problems, so I decided to give it a shot and see if Apple’s Serial Test Manager could identify my Performa’s issue. Where was the fault on this complicated board? Sure, I could test a zillion traces by hand, but why bother when the computer already knows what is wrong? ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 2719 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/Security_Leftovers.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/Security_Leftovers.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Security Leftovers⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Dec 30, 2025 * ⚓ LWN ☛ Security_updates_for_Monday⠀⇛ Security updates have been issued by Debian (kodi, pgbouncer, and rails), Fedora (duc, fluidsynth, gdu, singularity-ce, and tkimg), Slackware (vim), and SUSE (buildah, duc, gnutls, python39, qemu, and webkit2gtk3). * ⚓ Scoop News Group ☛ MongoBleed_defect_swirls,_stamping_out_hope_of_year- end_respite⠀⇛ The high-severity vulnerability is under active exploitation and affects many versions of MongoDB, a nearly ubiquitous open- source database. * ⚓ Silicon Angle ☛ US_and_Australian_agencies_warn_MongoBleed vulnerability_in_MongoDB_is_under_active_exploitation⠀⇛ Cybersecurity authorities in the U.S. and Australia are warning that a critical vulnerability in MongoDB and MongoDB Server is being actively exploited in the wild and represents a threat for organizations that run exposed database infrastructure. * ⚓ Security Week ☛ Fresh_MongoDB_Vulnerability_Exploited_in_Attacks⠀⇛ Dubbed MongoBleed, the high-severity flaw allows unauthenticated, remote attackers to leak sensitive information from MongoDB servers. * ⚓ Security Week ☛ Infostealer_Malware_Delivered_in_EmEditor_Supply_Chain Attack⠀⇛ The ‘download’ button on the official EmEditor website served a malicious installer. * ⚓ OpenSSF (Linux Foundation) ☛ AI,_Software_Development,_Security,_Tips, and_the_Future_(Part_1)⠀⇛ This is part 1 of a 2-part article discussing the impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on software development. In this part, I’ll note that Hey Hi (AI) use during software development is now the norm, despite frequent errors in AI- generated results, because productivity is king. I’ll then discuss its potential security implications. * ⚓ Security Week ☛ Hacker_Claims_Theft_of_40_Million_Condé_Nast_Records After_Wired_Data_Leak⠀⇛ A hacker named Lovely made public 2.3 million records representing Wired subscriber information. * ⚓ Security Week ☛ Coupang_to_Issue_$1.17_Billion_in_Vouchers_Over_Data Breach⠀⇛ The ecommerce giant will provide purchase vouchers to the 33.7 million individuals impacted by the incident. * ⚓ Security Week ☛ Fortinet_Warns_of_New_Attacks_Exploiting_Old Vulnerability⠀⇛ Tracked as CVE-2020-12812, the exploited FortiOS flaw allows threat actors to bypass two-factor authentication. * ⚓ Security Week ☛ Top_US_Accounting_Firm_Sax_Discloses_2024_Data_Breach Impacting_220,000⠀⇛ It took Sax well over a year to complete its investigation after detecting hackers on its network. * ⚓ Security Week ☛ 22_Million_Affected_by_Aflac_Data_Breach⠀⇛ Hackers stole names, addresses, Social Security numbers, ID numbers, and medical and health insurance information from Aflac’s systems. ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 2832 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/Standards_Consortia_V16_UsbGpib_and_More.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/Standards_Consortia_V16_UsbGpib_and_More.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Standards/Consortia: V16, UsbGpib, and More⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Dec 30, 2025 * ⚓ Daniel Estévez ☛ Decoding_a_V16_beacon⠀⇛ The V16 beacon is a car warning beacon that will mandatorily replace the warning triangles in Spain starting in 2026. In the event of an emergency, this beacon can be magnetically attached to the roof of the car and switched on. It has a bright LED strobe light and a connection to the cellular network, which it uses to send its GNSS position to the DGT 3.0 cloud network (for readers outside of Spain, the Spanish DGT is roughly the equivalent of the US DMV). The main point of these beacons is that placing warning triangles far enough from a vehicle can be dangerous, while this beacon can be placed without leaving the car. * ⚓ CNX Software ☛ Open-source_hardware_USB_to_GPIB_adapter_connects_legacy GPIB/IEEE-488_instruments_to_modern_hosts_-_CNX_Software⠀⇛ XyphroLabs’s UsbGpib is an open-source hardware, inexpensive, and portable USB to GPIB adapter aiming to provide “access to legacy GPIB/IEEE-488 instruments using contemporary hardware and software, with a focus on accessibility, openness, and ease of integration into current workflows”. * ⚓ Arpit Bhayani ☛ Clock_Synchronization_Is_a_Nightmare⠀⇛ Every computer has an internal clock, typically driven by a quartz crystal oscillator. These oscillators work by vibrating at a specific frequency when voltage is applied. The standard frequency for most computer clocks is 32768 Hz, chosen because it is a power of two and makes counting down to one second straightforward. The catch: quartz crystals are not perfect. Their oscillation frequency varies based on many factors; here are a few… * ⚓ Robert Alexander ☛ Does_the_Internet_know_what_time_is_it?⠀⇛ Time is one of those things that is significantly harder to deal with than you’d naively expect. Its common in computing to assume that computers know the current time. After all, there are protocols like NTP for synchronizing computer clocks, and they presumably work well and are widely used. Practically speaking, what kinds of hazards lie hidden here? I’ll start this post with some questions: [...] * § Graphics Stack⠀➾ o ⚓ Tom's Hardware ☛ D7VK_reaches_version_1.1_and_adds_new_frontend and_experimental_Direct3D_6_support_—_Direct3D_7-to-Vulkan translation_layer_runs_old_games_with_native_performance⠀⇛ D7VK has added experimental Direct3D 6 support, opening up near-native performance for older PC games without emulation. ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 2918 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/SuperTux_0_7_Beta_Lands_With_Massive_World_Redesigns.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/SuperTux_0_7_Beta_Lands_With_Massive_World_Redesigns.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ SuperTux 0.7 Beta Lands With Massive World Redesigns⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Rianne Schestowitz on Dec 30, 2025 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇SuperTux_0.7_Beta⦈_ Quoting: SuperTux 0.7 Beta Lands With Massive World Redesigns — Here’s something to help you relax and have some fun while you wait for the New Year. SuperTux 0.7 Beta 1, a free and open-source 2D side-scrolling game featuring Tux, the Linux penguin, as its main character, is here marking the project’s first major release in four years, following version 0.6.3 issued in December 2021. This beta is actually one of the most extensive overhauls in the game’s history, rivaling the scope of the Milestone 2 era, with large parts of the game rebuilt from the ground up. The most visible changes are the complete redesigns of World 1 and World 2, including the Rooted Forest. Levels have been rebuilt with new layouts, visual styles, and pacing. Across the game, nearly all core assets have been replaced, including new artwork for Tux, enemies, backgrounds, tilesets, and environmental elements. Read_on ⡂⠈⠁⠀⠋⢦⣉⣀⣤⠶⣿⣷⣤⣶⣤⣿⣿⣿⣦⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣿⣧⣴⣶⠿⣷⣦⣤⡾⠁⣴⣿⣿⣿⣤⣿⣟⣻⣴⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣼⣦⢈⡃⠺⠢⠱⠅ ⡀⠸⢿⡃⢠⣿⣿⣯⣭⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣼⣿⣈⣡⣶⣦⣤⣼ ⣿⣶⣤⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣝⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠉⠉⠉⣉⠉⠉⠉⠛⠉⠉⠉⠉⠙⠛⠛⠛⣿⡛⠛⠻⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠉⠛⠛⠃⠈⠻⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⣎⠑⢸⠀⡇⡏⢱⢸⠉⠁⡏⡧⠉⡏⢸⠁⡇⠹⡴⠁⠀⡏⢳⠀⠈⢉⠇⠀⢼⢹⠀⡏⠁⢹⠋⢸⢇⠀⢀⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⡌⢳⢸⠀⡇⡏⠁⢸⠉⠀⡏⣧⠀⡇⠸⡃⡇⢰⢳⠀⠀⡇⣸⠀⠀⡼⠀⠀⢸⢹⠀⡏⠁⢸⡆⡼⢼⠀⠘⠁⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠀⠉⠀⠁⠀⠈⠉⠀⠁⠈⠀⠁⠀⠉⠁⠁⠀⠁⠀⠉⠁⠈⠀⠁⠀⠀⠈⠉⠀⠉⠁⠈⠀⠁⠈⠀⢠⣤⣼⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣴⣄⣀⣀⣀⣤⣤⣶⣾⣶⣿⣶⣶⣦⣤⣤⣄⣀⠀⠀⢰⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⡟⢹⣿⢍⣉⢉⣁⣠⡌⠀⠀⠀⣠⣀⣀⣀⣀⣬⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⢿ ⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠙⣹⣿⣽⡙⢉⣹⣽⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠟⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣄⣀⣠ ⠋⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠛⠛⠃⣿⣿⠟⢻⣿⡿⣿⣿⡿⣿⠿⠿⣿⠁⣨⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⡟⠛⠋⢀⠛⠉⠉⣻⡛⠛⢛⣼⠃⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣉⣿⣿⡟⣿⣟⣿⢟⣿⢟⣿⣿⣿⣦⣤⣤⣿⣿⣿⠛⠋⠉⠋ ⠶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⡶⣶⠇⣿⣇⣐⣒⣿⣦⣾⣯⣥⣿⣭⣽⡇⠘⠿⣿⡇⣹⣿⣭⣥⣤⣤⣌⣀⠀⠀⣉⣤⣤⣬⣭⣼⠀⠀⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣤⣿⣟⣻⠛⣿⠉⠘⠹⠘⣹⣿⣟⣋⣉⣁⣸⣿⣿⣷⡶⠶⠲ ⣤⣶⣾⣿⣵⣶⣶⢡⣥⣤⣤⡄⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡙⠻⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣛⣉⣙⠻⠿⠷⠶⠶⠶⠿⠛⡿⠛⠿⠛⠋⠙⢻⣷⣦⣤⠀⣦ ⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢀⣀⣀⣉⣁⣭⣭⠉⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⣭⠍⠉⢭⠥⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠟⠒⠒⠒⠾⠋⠻⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⡿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣉⣉⣉⢸⣿⣾⡽⣾⣵⣦⠈⣿⣷⣶⠀⢰⣾⣿⣿⣿⣧⣠⣿ ⠷⠶⠿⠿⠻⠟⠿⠾⠿⠿⠷⠿⠿⠿⠶⠿⠿⠟⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠻⠶⠲⠶⠲⠶⠺⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠾⠗⠶⠶⠦⠌⠭⠿⠿⠷⠶⠶⠶⠾⠿⠷⠶⠲⠶⠻⠿⠻⠶⠞⣻⣶⣿⣾⣿⣖⠖⠿⠿⠿⠖⠾⠟⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿ ⣿⣿⣾⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣾⣿⣾⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣷⣷⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣾⣿⣾⣿⣶⣿⣶⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣷⣷⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣶⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻ ⣿⣿⢾⣾⢿⣾⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⡿⣾⢿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⠿⣿⠿⡿⣷⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣾⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣷⣿ ⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⠻⠛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣾⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣕⣫⠔⣿⢔⣽⠻⣿⡿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣿⣿⣷⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 2985 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/The_Free_Software_Foundation_FSF_Might_Make_it_to_Goal_Without_.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/The_Free_Software_Foundation_FSF_Might_Make_it_to_Goal_Without_.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ The Free Software Foundation (FSF) Might Make it to Goal Without Date Extensions⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Dec 30, 2025, updated Dec 30, 2025 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Comical_Birdhouse⦈_ 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇The_Free_Software_Foundation_(FSF)⦈_ With almost exactly 1.5 days left in the year (in Boston), it's not infeasible that the FSF will raise another 50k (USD). Failing that, the cutoff date will get extended. On top of the above, they also got_about_$900,000_from_mystery donors_less_than_a_week_ago (on Grav-Mass Eve). Unlike the Linux_Foundation, the FSF works for users, not for Microsoft_et_al. █ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⡿⠆⠁⠉⠭⢿⣿⣿⠓⠺⢻⣅⣿⣿⠿⠋⢛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠻⠉⠛⠻⠿⠁⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⢈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡽⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠖⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣠⣼⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⡃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⣼⡿⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣏⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠢⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣗⣾⣤⣄⠀⣼⠀⠐⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⢠⢀⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣿⠋⠈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠊⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡕⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⢨⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⠋⠻⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⠏⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠿⣿⣿⣿⡟⠀⡄⠀⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⠛⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⣨⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⣀⣀⣈⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠁⠀⣈⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣤⣍⣦⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣗⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⠉⢿⣿⣷⡀⢠⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣶⣿⣟⡻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣅⡵⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠸⠛⠁⠀⠀⠈⠉⠈⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢒⣿⣞⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣦⡄⣠⣤⠀⡀⢀⡀⢀⣤⢤⢄⠀⢀⣄⣀⣿⣿⠄⣤⣂⣠⣼⣨⣤⣤⣦⣄⣀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣦⣴⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⠠⠄⠀⠤⠀⠶⠀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣾⣿⣷⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣿⣿⣷⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣷⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣾⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⣷⣶⣶⣶⠀⣮⣿⣽⣿ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⢹ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣤⣤⣠⢀⣤⢠⣤⣠⣄⣄⣤⠤⣠⣤⡄⣤⢠⢤⣠⣠⣠⣄⢄⣤⢄⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠉⠈⠁⠉⠋⠛⠉⠁⠈⠁⠃⠉⠈⠉⠈⠈⠈⠈⠉⠁⠉⠁⠈⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠐⠆⠓⠶⠒⠢⠿⠶⠲⠶⠲⠶⠔⠲⠂⠲⠂⠃⠷⠔⠖⠶⠂⠐⠆⠄⠧⠶⠴⠒⠲⠖⠗⠺⠖⠠⠆⠖⠢⠒⠆⠟⠱⠰⠶⠆⠃⠷⠚⠲⠒⠒⠄⠶⠦⠶⠶⠒⠇⠤⠸⠳⠴⠾⠸⠓⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠖⠂⠒⠒⠐⠢⠳⠒⠒⠒⠜⠒⠒⠓⠒⠓⠒⠒⠂⠐⠲⠔⠢⠘⠒⠂⠶⠠⠂⠓⠂⠓⠳⠠⠒⠃⠣⠂⠒⠜⠒⠚⠘⠒⠂⠒⠢⠂⠖⠲⠢⠒⠺⠐⠂⠐⠒⠒⠒⠔⠒⠳⠒⠓⠂⠔⠒⠒⠆⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠒⠖⠀⠒⠒⠂⠂⠓⠂⠒⠐⠒⠒⠐⠒⠓⠃⠶⠀⠂⠒⠐⠊⠙⠂⠙⠛⠋⠊⠀⠚⠛⠀⠒⠘⠐⠐⠂⠂⠂⠄⠛⠛⠛⠐⠀⠒⠒⠖⠀⠒⠒⠀⠐⠲⠖⠒⠂⠐⠐⠒⠂⠐⠒⠂⠃⠐⠂⠂⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠢⠒⠿⠐⠞⠰⠆⠒⠔⠧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣦⠀⢠⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠋⠀⠘⠻⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣠⣤⣤⣤⣤⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣤⣤⣼ ⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 3060 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/Today_in_Techrights.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/Today_in_Techrights.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ Today in Techrights⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Dec 30, 2025 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Mountain_stream_in_motion_in_the_forest⦈_ ⚓ Updated This Past Day⠀⇛ 1. ⚓ Slopfarms_About_the_"Linux_CEO"_Linus_Torvaldos_[sic]⠀⇛ nowadays NVIDIA builds and helps build a giant Ponzi scheme 2. ⚓ IBM_Layoffs_in_India,_More_Coming_Soon,_Say_Apparent_Insiders⠀⇛ Threads regarding IBM layoffs ⚓ New⠀⇛ 3. ⚓ Slopfarm:_Firing_35,000_Employee_is_"Saving_the_Company"⠀⇛ "Big Blue" is getting smaller all the time 4. ⚓ Vista_11_is_"10"_(Ten_Percent)⠀⇛ Some months ago Microsoft openly admitted that it had lost (shed off) hundreds of millions of Windows users 5. ⚓ Dealing_With_Online_Pogroms⠀⇛ lawfare funded by third parties 6. ⚓ The_Year_Apple_Would_Rather_Forget⠀⇛ We await further stumbles and falls from Apple (in 2026) 7. ⚓ "EU's_reform_agenda_threatens_to_erase_a_decade_of_digital_rights"⠀⇛ This is really sad for those of us who spent decades promoting and boosting/advocating the EU 8. ⚓ Gemini_Links_29/12/2025:_Earlier_"Happy_New_Year_2026"_and_"Dead Archivist_Society"⠀⇛ Links for the day 9. ⚓ Links_29/12/2025:_Putin_Critic_Sergei_Udaltsov_Imprisoned,_Cloudflare’s Outages_Discussed⠀⇛ Links for the day 10. ⚓ LLMs_Are_Inherently_Parasitic,_We_Need_to_Treat_Them_Accordingly⠀⇛ a maintenance burden for those who possess actual intelligence 11. ⚓ Links_29/12/2025:_Bottled_Water_Considered_Harmful,_Cheetos_Promoting Nazis_in_Europe⠀⇛ Links for the day 12. ⚓ EPO_People_Power_-_Part_XVIII_-_European_Patent_Office_"Paints_Itself as_Progressive_While_Literally_Being_Represented_by_Cokeheads"⠀⇛ To what length/s will German authorities and media (not just in Germany) go to protect the EPO's "precious image"? 13. ⚓ What_IBM_Will_Do_to_Red_Hat_in_the_Coming_Year_or_Years⠀⇛ This won't end up well for GNU/Linux as a whole 14. ⚓ Not_Turning_in_His_Grave:_When_People_Die,_Their_Corporate_Destruction Becomes_a_"Turnaround"⠀⇛ All he did was mass layoffs - a tradition that has not ended since then 15. ⚓ Over_at_Tux_Machines...⠀⇛ GNU/Linux news for the past day 16. ⚓ IRC_Proceedings:_Sunday,_December_28,_2025⠀⇛ IRC logs for Sunday, December 28, 2025 17. ⚓ Louis_Gerstner_Has_Died,_His_Legacy_of_Mass_Layoffs_at_IBM_Hasn't⠀⇛ Hagiographies will follow. They will say he "saved" IBM. 18. ⚓ Links_29/12/2025:_The_Sunday_Routine,_Limits_of_Memory,_and_Gemini Vocabulary⠀⇛ Links for the day ========================================================================= The corresponding text-only bulletin for Monday contains all the text. 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⢉⣯⣬⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣻⣛⣊⡉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠈⠙⠿⣫⣾⣿⡇⣽⣿⣯⠀⢿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣭⡄⣀⣀⠤⠐⠁⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣿⣿⣟⣉⣻⠿⢿⣿⣼⡶⠶⠶⡾⢗⣄⡰⣶⠂⢀⡀⠀⠒⢻⣹⡿⠁⢿⣿⣿⠀⢸⣿⡇⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⠓⠂⠐⠠⠊⠁⡒⡨⠀⠐⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⢓⠚⠛⡋⢡⡄⢀⣀⠀⠛⣁⠘⣆⠄⠀⠀⠀⠈⢻⢶⣂⣸⣿⡟⠀⠀⠋⠁⠀⢸⣿⢿⣿⣿⠯⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⡶⠮⡐⠽⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⣿⣛⣋⢁⣾⣧⡭⣵⠤⣬⣿⣿⣟⠁⢀⣀⠤⠤⢔⢄⠀⠐⠀⠀⣀⠀⠙⠯⠻⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⡿⠗⠀⠙⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠯⢿⣯⣞⣛⢙⠛⢲⣦⣞⠛⣪⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠛⠿⠿⠭⠉⠉⠁⢀⣴⣿⣷⣈⠉⠋⢙⠂⢠⣴⡄⠈⠈⠂⢀⡀⠀⠵⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠻⠏⠉⠐⠒⠀⡶⠦⠀⢘⣿⣿⣿⣟⣳⣤⣤⣤⣿⣿⣽⡿⣽⡅⠀⣾⣽⣯⣦⣈⡶⠟⢯⣁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀ ⣤⣤⣤⣶⣶⣶⣶⢿⢿⠟⣿⣇⣴⣯⣤⣶⣾⠟⠁⠈⠘⠛⢧⣀⣉⣀⣠⣾⣤⣤⣄⣠⣤⡀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠂⠒⢀⣴⣶⣶⡾⠟⢳⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⢿⠿⣀⣸⣿⣿⡿⣿⣯⣼⣟⠻⡿⢗⣂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣄⡵⠁ ⣿⣿⣿⣏⣙⣿⣻⣶⣿⡟⢛⠉⠤⠼⠧⠀⠀⢸⠑⢀⠂⠉⠛⢿⣦⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣇⣐⣲⣴⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣴⣾⣿⣿⡗⠻⠯⢶⣦⣄⡀⠀⠈⠫⠍⠈⠁⣘⣂⣡⣤⠽⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⠒⡉⠀⠉⠂ ⣯⡤⠉⠉⠙⠉⠙⠉⡙⠛⠙⠗⣦⠠⣶⣦⣄⣼⡟⢛⣤⣤⣤⣤⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⢿⡧⢬⣽⣿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⠿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠃⠀⠊⠙⠑⠀⣄⠀⠀⠁⠁⠈⠱⠀⠀⢀⢉⡩⢍⡉⠃⠀⠂⣠⡤⡤⠾⢿⣿⣿⣶⣿⢛ ⠿⠗⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠀⠀⠇⠀⠀⠉⠙⠛⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣟⣿⣍⣁⠍⣹⣿⣷⠧⠀⠁⠀⠀⢦⣀⣠⡿⡅⣿⣿⣿⣧⠤⢀⡀⠀⠀⢀⣸⣿⠿⠛⠃⠀⠀⠹⠂⠉⠉⠀⠀⢐⡦⢚⠹⢲⡯⠀⡀⢀⡈⠳⠈⠒⠉ ⢲⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣼⣿⣿⣿⠿⡟⠿⢭⠿⠷⡬⡶⢬⣤⣤⣤⣤⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠉⠛⠯⠁⠈⣛⠻⠿⠿⠍⢀⡀⠐⣀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠈⣵⣴⡆⢿⣛⣿⣶⡿⡿⠎⠚⠼⠖⣶⣶⣶⣤ ⠀⠤⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠛⠛⣿⣀⡀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠠⠰⠀⢊⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠟⠛⠹⡏⠀⠀⣀⣀⣀⣈⢁⣀⣂⠀⡄⠀⠀⠓⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠘⠆⠁⠈⠻⠋⠀⠀⠀⢀⡀⣀⡤⠾⠿⠿⢿ ⣷⣬⣬⣟⠿⠟⠂⢢⣤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠉⠥⠁⢀⣴⣬⣀⣠⣠⣴⣯⣽⡧⣄⢄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠐⠚⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠟⠋⠁⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠄⠉⠁⣠⣿⡖⢲⣐⣶ ⠋⠁⠀⠘⠚⠶⠀⠀⠛⣿⣿⣷⣶⡶⠷⠶⢤⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⡈⢻⣟⠻⣯⣽⣿⣿⣿⣷⣾⠳⡒⢶⣾⣿⣶⣿⢶⣤⣄⣿⣿⣯⣹⠫⠟⠊⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣛⣵⡦⡰⠿⠛ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢰⣷⡾⠧⡄⣽⠿⠋⠉⠀⠀⠄⠘⢻⡿⠿⣿⣟⣉⡁⠤⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⢹⣿⣿⡃⠋⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣄⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠌⠀⡀⡀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠀⠰⠂⠀⠠⠔⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠍⠀⠉⠟⠿⣷⣾⠿⠿⡁⠄⠉⠁⠁⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⢨⣿⣿⣿⣶⣾⣷⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠈⠠⣶⠞⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⢀⣀⡀⠐⣲⠒⢉⠉⠭⠉⠀⠑⠒⠀⠀⠀⠄⠀⠀⠀⠐⠂⠀⠀⠙⠀⠘⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣄⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣆⠀⣀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣀⣀⡀⢀ ⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀⠁⠁⠤⠼⢽⣄⠀⠀⠀⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⠀⢾⡛⠛⢿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⣤⣤⣤⣤⣄⣀⣀⣀⣀⠀⠉⣨⠧⣸⠟⣱ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠁⠺⡿⠇⢀⣶⡤⡀⠦⣶⣶⣿⣶⢦⡀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠚⢹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠋⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡈⠢⡾⢿⣿⢚⣯⣿⣟⢿⣿⣷⢦⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠩⣿⣿⢿⠿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠋⠉⠉⠉⠉⠙⠛⠛⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠎⠋⠁⠑⠽⠀⣙⣿⣀⠉⠐⡀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣰⣤⡄⣠⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⡳⣄⠀⠀⢀⣀⢄⡁⢉⠘⠉⠉⠁⠀⠛⠿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣍⠉⠉⠉⠉⠙⠛⠋⠛⠛⠛⠛⠿⠛⠿⠛⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡁⠙⠷⣤⣄⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠈⠿⠿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣦⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠙⠋⠠⣶⣮⠈⣛⣤⣤⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠛⠛⠛⢿⣷⡆⠀⠀⠀⣀⡀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢤⣤⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⡚⠓⠀⠙⢿⣿⡋⠁⡠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 3470 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/today_s_howtos.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/today_s_howtos.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ today's howtos⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Dec 30, 2025 * ⚓ How_to_Install_FOG_Server_on_Ubuntu_or_Debian_Linux⠀⇛ If you manage multiple computers in an office, school lab, or enterprise environment, you know how tedious it can be to install operating systems one machine at a time. Walking from desk to desk with USB drives or DVDs is not just time- consuming—it’s inefficient and prone to inconsistency. * ⚓ Matěj_Cepl:_Open_shell_in_the_last_$PWD⠀⇛ When running all my shell as a Distrobox containers, Ctrl- Shift-N in foot doesn’t work (see this_ticket for the explanation), because it doesn’t know anything about the process running inside of it, so it doesn’t know what’s the $PWD of the shell running in it. I was struggling with this for a year, and I have never came with a good solution. I found a suggestion to_parse_the_window_title to get the current directory, but I see that my window title is more broken than anything, so it seems really unreliable. * ⚓ Linux Capable ☛ How_to_Fix_Curl_Could_Not_Resolve_Host_Error_in_Linux⠀⇛ * ⚓ ID Root ☛ How_To_Install_Splunk_on_AlmaLinux_10⠀⇛ Enterprise data analytics has never been more critical for business operations. Splunk Enterprise 10.0 stands as the industry-leading platform for machine data analysis, offering unparalleled insights into system performance, security events, and business intelligence. * ⚓ ID Root ☛ How_To_Install_Pandas_on_Linux_Mint_22⠀⇛ Pandas stands as one of the most essential Python libraries for data analysis, data manipulation, and scientific computing. This powerful open-source library provides high-performance data structures and analysis tools that have become indispensable for data scientists, analysts, and developers worldwide. * ⚓ Linux Capable ☛ How_to_Install_LAMP_on_Debian⠀⇛ * ⚓ Linux Capable ☛ How_to_Install_Surveillance_Giant_Google_Antigravity_on Ubuntu⠀⇛ * ⚓ Bozhidar Batsov ☛ How_to_Vim:_Joining_Lines⠀⇛ Joining adjacent lines is something that comes up often while editing text/code. That’s why it should come as no surprise that this is something well supported by Vim. You have two ways to join lines at your disposal: [...] * ⚓ Ubuntu Handbook ☛ How_to_Install_Pop!_OS_COSMIC_Desktop_in_Ubuntu 24.04⠀⇛ Want to try out the COSMIC desktop environment? Without installing the whole Pop!_OS, you can now install the desktop in Ubuntu 24.04 through a PPA repository. COSMIC is a new standalone desktop environment built from scratch. It’s the default desktop environment for Pop!_OS, developed by System76, an American GNU/Linux computer manufacturer. ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 3563 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/today_s_leftovers.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/today_s_leftovers.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ today's leftovers⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Roy Schestowitz on Dec 30, 2025 * § GNU/Linux⠀➾ o § Desktop Environments (DE)/Window Managers (WM)⠀➾ # § Windows⠀➾ # ⚓ XDA ☛ After_decades_of_using_Windows,_Linux's_KDE Plasma_is_spoiling_me_rotten⠀⇛ A little while ago, I made it my quest to migrate off of Windows 10 and try Linux. It was pretty intimidating, and I didn't quite know where I was going or what I wanted to achieve, but I figured I wouldn't get anywhere if I just sat around doing nothing. So, I forged ahead and tried out a bunch of things. Something that I quickly gravitated towards is a desktop environment called KDE Plasma. If you're unsure what a "desktop environment" is, it's essentially a graphical interface that sits on top of your Linux distribution. That means you can add KDE Plasma to Ubuntu, Fedora, Arch Linux, pretty much anything that supports it. As such, as I distro hopped around, trying to find my forever home, I always dragged KDE Plasma along behind me. Sure, I could have tried out different desktop environments and seen if something other than KDE Plasma was a better fit; however, KDE Plasma was doing a lot of heavy lifting when it came to encouraging me to use Linux over Windows, so I just installed it by default every time I distro-hopped. # ⚓ HowTo Geek ☛ 5_Linux_distros_that_work_with_Windows Secure_Boot—and_how_to_choose_the_right_one [Ed: But the aim should be to move away from "Windows Secure Boot," a giant back door and kill switch]⠀⇛ Are you planning a dual-boot setup but worried about Secure Boot compatibility? Fear that disabling Secure Boot will compromise your Windows installation? Here are five Linux distros that work seamlessly with Windows Secure Boot—no BIOS tweaking required. * § Free, Libre, and Open Source Software⠀➾ o ⚓ Schleswig-Holstein_will_save_€15_million_in_2026_by_dropping Microsoft_software_in_favor_of_free_Linux_by_Allan_Tépper_- ProVideo_Coalition⠀⇛ Schleswig-Holstein is s the northernmost of the 16 states of Germany. According to Dirk Schrödter, Head of the State Chancellery and Minister for Digital Transformation, Schleswig-Holstein will save €15 million in 2026 by dropping Microsoft software in favor of FOSS (free and open source software) running on Linux. As of publication date of this article, €15 million is approximately US$17,660,250. Schleswig-Holstein aims for digital sovereignty and cost savings by replacing programs like Word, Excel, Teams, and Outlook with tools such as LibreOffice, Open-Xchange and/or Thunderbird, and Linux. ䷩ 𝚕𝚒𝚗𝚎 3662 ╒═══════════════════ 𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐂𝐋𝐄 ═════════════════════════════════════════════════╕ (ℹ) Images, hyperlinks and comments at https://tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/_Updated_Orange_Pi_Previews_Compact_SBC_with_Eight_Core_Allwinn.shtml Gemini version at gemini://gemini.tuxmachines.org/n/2025/12/30/_Updated_Orange_Pi_Previews_Compact_SBC_with_Eight_Core_Allwinn.gmi ⠀⌧ █▇▆▅▄▃▂▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ (Updated) Orange Pi Previews Compact SBC with Eight-Core Allwinner A733 SoC⠀▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█ ⌧ posted by Rianne Schestowitz on Dec 30, 2025 🄸🄼🄰🄶🄴_🄳🄴🅂🄲🅁🄸🄿🅃🄸🄾🄽_⦇Orange_Pi_4_Pro_Side_⦈_ Quoting: (Updated) Orange Pi Previews Compact SBC with Eight-Core Allwinner A733 SoC — Orange Pi has unveiled the Orange Pi 4 Pro, a compact single-board computer designed for high-performance edge applications. It integrates an octa-core Allwinner A733 processor, a 3 TOPS NPU, and supports up to 16 GB of LPDDR5 memory, combining AI acceleration with a wide range of expansion interfaces. This SBC features the same SoC found in the Radxa Cubie A7Z i and Cubie A7A introduced earlier this year. The processor combines two Arm Cortex-A76 cores and six Cortex-A55 cores clocked at up to 2.0 GHz, paired with an Imagination BXM-4-64 GPU and a RISC-V E902 co- processor for auxiliary control. Read_on ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⡟⣟⠟⠙⡟⣿⢛⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣷⣶⣶⣷⣾⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⠿⢿⣿⣿⡟⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠀⠉⢻⣿⣿⠏⣭⣝⣏⣉⣩⣙⣻⣋⣉⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⠿⠀⠉⠉⠉⠏⠉⠉⠉⠉⠀⢸⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣘⣖⣁⣀⣃⣟⣐⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡤⡄⠘⠃⠀⢀⣀⣤⣤⣤⣤⣤⡄⠈⠉⠠⠀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣀⣤⣤⡄⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣟⠟⠙⠹⢙⠙⢉⣿⢹⠉⡙⢛⢛⡙⢛⣹⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⡄⣉⠀⠀⠀⠰⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢸⣿⠻⠷⡆⢈⣉⣉⣉⢉⣉⣉⣉⠁⣾⣯⠨⡆⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣛⣫⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⣿⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣷⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡟⡟⢀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠈⡇⠀⢸⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⣧⣧⠤⡇⠉⠉⠉⠋⠉⠉⠉⠉⢨⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣘⣖⣁⣀⣋⣚⣘⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠂⠳⠤⠤⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠄⠐⠓⠒⠛⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠋⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣀⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣦⣴⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣴⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⢰⣿⣦⣤⣴⣿⣦⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣷⣶⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⡏⢙⠉⡋⢍⣿⠍⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣯⣤⣤⣤⣿⣤⣬⣵⣤⣽⣽⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⣿⣿⣿⣿⠟⠛⠛⠻⣿⣿⡿⠿⠉⠙⠉⠉⠙⢻⣿⣿⣿⢿⡿⠿⠟⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡄⠀⢠⣾⣷⢈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠐⠀⠀⠀⠠⠀⠀⠂⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠂⠠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠙⣻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠉⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢠⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⡄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠈⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡏⠀⠀⠀⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠄⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣉⣟⣯⣋⣏⣋⣻⣯⣋⣉⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣭⣿⣭⣯⣭⣭⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠰⣯⡇⢠⣽⣿⣿⡷⢾⠼⡽⢤⢤⣷⣶⣤⣴⣦⣶⣼⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣥⣼⣤⣭⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣷⣶⣿⣶⣾⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⢨⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡗⣶⣶⣶⣶⡆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠻⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣯⣉⣫⣍⣍⣩⣿⣋⣍⣽⣉⣩⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⠀⢠⣿⣿⣿⣧⣤⣶⣧⣧⣽⣾⣼⣤⣮⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡿⠿⠿⠿⠏⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⢀⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⡇⠀⢰⣿⣷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⣾⡦⠀⠀⠀⡀⠀⢀⠀⠀⠀⣨⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣶⣶⣿⣷⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣾⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣶⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿ ╘══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╛ ¶ Lines in total: 3736 ➮ Generation completed at 02:50, i.e. 38 seconds to (re)generate ⟲